The First Paper on the Analysis of Psychological Temperament Types —— A Study on the Temperament Types and Mental Health of College Students
Abstract: Temperament is the expression of people's psychological activities, and students with different temperament types show great differences in physical education teaching. Studying the characteristics of college students' different temperament types in sports participation can effectively teach students in accordance with their aptitude, so that students can know themselves more clearly and foster strengths and avoid weaknesses. However, the research on temperament types and sports participation is limited to the differences of different temperament types in choosing sports events, and the essential relationship and interaction mechanism between them are lacking in-depth research and discussion. This paper aims to make up for this deficiency through investigation and analysis, and provide some reference for physical education teaching in colleges and universities.
Keywords: temperament type; Difference; Sports participation; analyse
First, the significance of studying college students' temperament types and sports participation
Ping Li's thought in the research of temperament type test? Temperament is the sum of the dynamic characteristics of people's psychological activities, and it is a typical and stable behavior color of people. These characteristics are generally unaffected by the purpose, motivation and content of personal activities. ? The Chinese Psychological Association mentioned it in the basic part of psychological counselors? Temperament is neither good nor bad. Every temperament type has positive and negative personality characteristics. ?
Zhang Hongru, Shen Liemin and others think that studying the temperament types of college students is of great significance to their lives. Temperament is one of the bases of career choice. Through the research and analysis of college students' participation in sports events, we can better understand the temperament characteristics of college students. By understanding their own temperament characteristics, college students can give full play to their potential and temperament advantages and overcome the negative aspects of their own temperament characteristics. ?
Second, analysis of development history and research status at home and abroad
The Chinese Psychological Association mentioned in the basic part of psychological counselors:? Temperament type was put forward 2500 years ago. Hippocrates divided people into choleric, sanguine, depressive and mucinous according to his own observation. 500 years later, the Roman doctor Galen put forward the concept of temperament on the basis of Hippocrates. After Hippocrates, there appeared many theories of temperament types: body fluid theory, body shape theory, blood type theory, hormone theory and so on. ? Sun Xiaoqing and others mentioned it in "The Present Situation of Mental Health Research of American College Students"? The mental health education of team college students in the United States has already had a considerable scale, and the research facilities and tools are relatively perfect, with the following characteristics: the research scale is diversified, the research content is multidimensional, and the research paradigm is empirical. ?
1, Zhang fuzhen and others put forward the foreign research trend in the comparison of mental health between Chinese and American college students:
1) Pay attention to the study of cultural diversity;
2) Pay attention to the comprehensive orientation of smokers;
3) Pay attention to the subtle orientation of the research content.
2. Domestic development:
Our country pays more and more attention to the mental health of college students, and the research on temperament types is also extensive. However, at present, the research on college students' mental health in China still stays at the practical level to varying degrees, and the research field of vision is relatively narrow. Most of them draw lessons from foreign research results, and there are many related studies on the characteristics of temperament types and employment trends of different temperament types. Before 20 12, people paid little attention to temperament types and sports. In the past two years,
Third, the performance and characteristics of different temperament types.
Yang,, and others pointed out:? The dynamic characteristics of psychological activities are not only manifested in people's cognitive activities such as perception, memory and thinking, but also in people's feelings and constant activities, especially in emotional activities. Therefore, a person's temperament type is closely related to his participation in physical exercise. Through the study of college students' sports industry, we can analyze the general temperament type of a college student. ? In ancient Greece, Hippocrates divided human temperament into the following four categories: choleric temperament, sanguine temperament, mucinous temperament and depressive temperament.
1, the main characteristics of four temperament types
1) Bold: straightforward, enthusiastic, quick-witted, quick-acting, emotional, with the will and perseverance to overcome difficulties, but regardless of success or failure, it is easy to break out, fanatical, uncontrollable and extroverted, but if you run out of energy, you will lose confidence.
2) Bloody: agile, positive, sociable, responsive, unrestrained in the new environment, energetic in work and study, efficient, showing astute working ability, good at adapting to the changing new environment, happy and energetic in the collective center, extroverted, making people interested in everything. But the mood is changeable and lacks endurance.
3) Mucous quality: workers who are quiet, steady, calm, silent, think twice, persistent and steady in life, strictly abide by the established life order and work system, are distracted when they are away from home, have a heavy attitude and are not easy to get excited or divert their attention.
4) Depression: I have a profound interest experience, slow action, often emotional about trifles, high interest and sensitivity, sensitive to the external environment, and prone to fantasy, timidity, loneliness and fear.
Fourthly, the influence of college students' temperament types on sports participation.
Wang Zhen, Zhou Fang and Liu Ruosong. The attribution analysis of college students' healthy sports behavior tendency and behavior motivation says. People with this temperament are often extroverted, enthusiastic, cheerful, energetic, straightforward and grumpy. When they are determined to overcome all difficulties and run out of energy, there is a big emotional gap. Individuals with this temperament may have the opportunity to participate in a sports competition that has special significance or value to them when doing physical exercise or physical education. Usually manifested in the explicit behavior of good or bad grades, is it often good to play or feel good? Huh? Or throw things to express a happy mood; The scope of external attention is dominant, and the concentration of attention is not strong, showing the characteristics of inattention.
For the sanguine college students with strong and balanced nervous activities, because of their lively, responsive and sociable characteristics, they show instability and concealment in sports events, often hide themselves with rich expressions and cheerful personality in their behaviors, or pay little attention to the excellent performance in explicit behaviors. The intensity of external attention is less than that of internal attention, and their sense of self-efficacy in sports performance is inherently contained, with low externalities.
Finally, for deeply focused depressed individuals, once their motivation level is stimulated, they will persevere. However, if their direct motivation is influenced by external factors, people of this temperament type will lose interest in sports or physical education class. ?
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
In real life, people's temperament types are often mixed, but some of them are extreme temperament types. Individuals with different temperament types pay attention to directness and transience, instability and concealment, controllability and concentration, height and concentration in sports participation. The influence of temperament types on college students' participation in sports is different in attention, mood and motivation. At the same time, they also have some similarities. Teachers should grasp the motivation of college students to participate in sports activities, which is conducive to their psychological awakening and the formation of correct sports attitudes. Li Dianlu also thinks in the research progress of contemporary college students' mental health problems:? College students need to know themselves from all aspects in order to be correct, to have correct orientation, to prevent mental illness, to live and study better and to realize their self-worth in the future. ? (Author: Chengdu Institute of Physical Education)
refer to
[1] Dai Hu. Research on the Mental Health of Students in Peking University [J]. Journal of Nanchang Institute of Technology, 2009: 1
[2] Zhu Zhu. Analysis of the causes of college students' suicide and psychological crisis intervention [J]. Journal of School of International Business Administration, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies 20 10.29 (2): 1
[3] Wang Ting, Ma Yinsheng. A summary of college students' psychological problems in recent five years [J]. China Journal of Health Psychology.2007 (3):1-2
[4] Chao Chuanxuan, Liu Jianping, Fu Chaying. A study on the relationship between social support and suicidal ideation of students in a university in Jiangxi [J]. China School Health, 2006, 1.87.
[5] Ping Li. Temperament type test questions and temperament and occupation [J]. Mental health discipline 2009.2
[6] China Mental Health Association. Psychological Counselor (Basic Knowledge) (M) .20 1 1: 87-88
[7] Zhang Hongru, Shen Liemin. Study on the Relationship between College Students' Temperament Characteristics and Metacognition [J]. Psychology.2003 (2):1
[8] Zhang Gangying, Liu Dengpan. An experimental study on the concentration of college students with different temperament types [J]. Psychology, 2006,29 (4): 3
[9] Sun Xiaoqing, Yao Benxian, Wang Donghua. The Status Quo, Trend and Enlightenment of American College Students' Mental Health Research [J]. Journal of Anhui Normal University, 2008,25 (6): 3-4.
[10] Zhang fuzhen, Ji Xiaoming, comparison of mental health status between Chinese and American college students [J]. Jiangsu Higher Education, 2011(1): 2-3