Discussion on artificial intelligence in intelligent design of buildings
The intelligent system in intelligent building is the representative of new technology and the product of adapting to the times. When the intelligent building appears as a whole, the intelligent system will be distributed in the application of the building in an orderly and scientific way, and play its due function and role. Intelligent system plays an important role in intelligent building. In the process of management, scientific management, comprehensive research, effective arrangement and rational utilization should be carried out. In order to achieve the best effect and ensure the safe construction of construction projects. This paper will comprehensively expound the design concept of intelligent system in intelligent building and the related problems that should be paid attention to in the process of design and construction.
Intelligent building; Intelligent system; design
First, the design principles of building intelligent system
(1) advanced. The intelligent system of intelligent building develops continuously with the development of information and electronic science and technology. Therefore, in the system design, we should analyze the development of intelligent system, absorb the open advanced design concept and improve the function of intelligent building.
(2) Reliability. In the design of intelligent system, the modular design concept should be adopted to isolate the subsystems of intelligent system from each other, so as to ensure that the normal operation of other subsystems or links will not be affected when some subsystems fail, thus improving the reliability of system operation.
(3) standardization. With the rapid development of intelligent systems, relevant system design standards have been formulated one after another. In the system design, the design should be carried out in strict accordance with the system standards, so as to facilitate the construction and maintenance of the system.
(4) practicality. The design of intelligent system should fully realize the functions of receiving cable TV, images, monitoring equipment, multimedia communication, security, voice and data. To ensure that it can improve the user's information exchange and entertainment while improving the security of the user environment.
(5) economy. Intelligent system contains many subsystems, which contain many components and devices. Therefore, in the process of system design, quality assurance should be considered to save investment costs as much as possible.
(6) expansibility. With the rapid development of electronic information technology, there will be some constraints and limitations in the current intelligent system design. Therefore, when designing an intelligent system, we should consider the expansibility of the design content to ensure that the intelligent building can be updated and expanded in the future technological development.
Second, the design of building intelligent system
(A) power supply system design
The subsystems of intelligent system usually need separate power supply, so it is necessary to pay attention to the design of power supply system. Computer network systems generally adopt UPS centralized power supply, and uninterruptible power supply rooms also need centralized power supply, and the power supply inlet can meet certain capacity requirements; For workstations that do not use uninterruptible power supply, separate circuits should also be used for power supply to avoid circuit mixing endangering system operation. For example, the safety protection system should use a separate circuit for centralized power supply to ensure that it and the fire linkage system can work normally in an emergency.
(2) Design of grounding system
The grounding of intelligent building will directly affect the safety of equipment and personnel, the reliability and stability of system work, the quality of information transmission and so on. When designing the building grounding system, it should be designed according to the function of the building and the working requirements of the intelligent system to ensure that it can provide a responsive grounding terminal for its application part. Components such as electrostatic grounding system, auxiliary equipotential copper bar, lightning protection grounding system, safety protection grounding system, working grounding system and DC grounding system need to be installed. It includes two grounding modes:
1, in its application, it should be noted that the lightning protection performance of computers and other equipment is not high, and its system contains VLSI, which is easy to cause poor anti-high frequency interference and is easy to be interfered by other systems, so the calculated DC power supply should be grounded separately; When the common grounding mode is adopted, its grounding resistance may be greater than 1? Therefore, all intelligent subsystems with special requirements should be grounded separately.
2. Single grounding mode: When unified grounding is adopted, natural grounding body is mainly used. If the manual grounding body is no longer used, the following conditions should be met: the grounding resistance should be 1? Below, that is, below the specified value; The steel bars inside the building foundation should be interconnected to form an electrical path and a closed ring, and the closed ring should keep a distance of more than 0.7m from the ground; There is no thermal insulation and waterproof layer on the surface of building foundation. Single grounding method has been widely used in the design of intelligent building grounding system because of its advantages of simple construction, reliable grounding and cost saving.
(3) Intelligent management room and intelligent shaft
Generally, computer network systems have necessary length and performance requirements for data communication lines. In the design of intelligent building system, the horizontal line of computer system generally adopts copper twisted pair, which will affect the bandwidth of network transmission. Therefore, according to the wiring standards and specifications, the length of the copper twisted pair used between the network switch and the computer should be within the range of 100m; According to the curvature and vertical conditions of the pipeline, the distance from the intelligent management room to the edge of the building should be within 60m; The corresponding network cabinet should be placed in the network management room, with reasonable installation and maintenance space around it, and its plane area should be between 5 ~ 65438+1100m2.
(D) Integrated wiring system design
In the design of integrated wiring system, the general voice cable or horizontal subsystem data cable should adopt Class D system and Class 5e UTP cable supporting 100M bandwidth to meet the expansion needs of a large number of users. The total length of horizontal cable should be within the range of 100 m, in which the optimal length of horizontal wiring cable is 90 m, and the length of jumper and wiring cord on the distribution frame of telecom room should be not less than 5 m. For unknown public spaces, cables shall be calculated according to the following formula:
C=( 102-H)/ 1.2 W=C-5
Where h represents the length of the horizontal cable; C represents the sum of jumper lengths between equipment cable, workspace cable and remote communication; W represents the maximum length of cables in the working area, and its value should be less than 22md, which represents the total length of jumpers between equipment cables and telecommunications.
Third, the current problems in intelligent buildings
(A) domestic system integration products
At present, the products that occupy the domestic intelligent building market still belong to several foreign companies, such as johnson controls, IBM, Lucent Technology and Honeywell. Domestic system integration products have no initiative, which makes it difficult for intelligent buildings to fully and truly adapt to China's national conditions.
(2) Technical obstacles
There are still some technical defects in the whole intelligent building field, such as the limitation of network bandwidth: the rapid increase of data transmission and the use of multimedia require broad communication space; Using antenna LAN also needs to redistribute valuable audio methods. After the emergence of new network technologies such as ATM and Frame Relay, the problem of communication space can be partially solved, but without a comprehensive and complete data model, it is still impossible to effectively exchange data between building automation and application systems. In addition, there is still a contradiction between data security and seamless voice and data communication. Many organizations are very concerned about the security of their internal information systems and protecting their computers and voice systems from illegal access. However, if a building is isolated to provide protection, it will lead to the inability to use more advanced communication tools.
(C) the lack of talent
Talents engaged in intelligent buildings include design management professionals, technical support engineers for security products, senior engineers for wiring and security product development, sales engineers (responsible for regional market sales of security and integrated wiring products), senior engineers for anti-theft alarm and monitoring products, and software development engineers (mainly responsible for building automation system software development). The most scarce talent is intelligent building system design management. Need to understand the electronics, communications, architecture and other professional knowledge of compound talents. As far as intelligent building projects are concerned, project design and construction are two aspects. But few people know both engineering design and construction scheme. How to connect design and construction is related to the progress and quality of the project.
Intelligent building is the product of high technology, and the discipline of intelligent building is the intersection and integration of many disciplines. Talent training should be multi-level and multi-faceted. Only by emphasizing the close combination of theory and practice, design and technology, construction and products can we cultivate a new generation of intelligent building talents.
Four. Concluding remarks
The intelligent system in intelligent building design is a high-tech building with high technical level and difficult construction. No matter how to plan or manage intelligent systems, optimal control is needed to realize the optimal design of intelligent buildings. The quality of intelligent system architecture design will directly affect the overall quality and service life of intelligent buildings. Therefore, relevant researchers and designers should strengthen the comprehensive analysis and management of intelligent system, sum up the experience and problems in the construction of intelligent system, and constantly improve the level and quality of intelligent system construction and design.
References:
[1] Zhai, on management and maintenance of intelligent systems, consumer guide, 10, 2009.
[2] Jin Hongfeng, On the Management and Maintenance of Intelligent Systems, Art and Technology, 2007,03.
[3] Shao Shenghua, Intelligent Building Intelligent Installation Project Management Research [J] Theoretical Research, 20 10(7)
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