Basic concepts of green supply chain management. Green supply chain is based on the idea of supply chain, considering the influence of environment comprehensively. Its purpose is to make the whole process of products from raw material acquisition, processing, packaging, storage, transportation, use to scrapping pay attention to environmental protection, thus promoting the coordinated development of economy and environment.
Green supply chain management, also known as environmental awareness supply chain management, is a modern enterprise strategic management that comprehensively considers enterprise benefits and resource efficiency in the whole supply chain, and a management model that ensures the balance and sustainable development of enterprise management and natural environment.
Green supply chain management is based on green manufacturing theory and supply chain management technology, and produces green products through green design, green procurement, green production, green logistics, green marketing, green consumption and other management means, so that suppliers, manufacturers, sellers and consumers form the same interest group. While enhancing the core competitiveness of enterprises, enterprise supply chain can maximize the utilization rate of resources and minimize the negative impact on the natural environment.
Main contents of green supply chain management. Green supply chain management includes the whole process from product design to final recovery. Main contents: green design, green materials, green supply process, green production, green sales, packaging, transportation and use, and disposal of product abandonment stage.
Second, China's enterprises to implement green supply chain management problems
The ideological understanding and concept of enterprise leaders are vague. There is still a big gap between China and western developed countries in the concepts of logistics, supply chain and green supply chain. On the one hand, the concept of leaders and governments has not changed, and the concept of green supply chain has not been established, so it is difficult for decision-making departments to formulate the overall development strategy of green supply chain management; Although some enterprises have formulated the development plan of green supply chain within the enterprise, they lack foresight on the development of green supply chain management and have no concept on how to realize green supply chain management.
The cost of enterprises investing in green supply chain is not high. The cost of enterprises investing in green supply chain includes labor cost, asset cost, information cost and logistics cost, and in green supply chain, each member enterprise must also consider the social cost of supply chain. However, at present, there are some problems such as insufficient investment in infrastructure construction such as green supply process, backward green level of infrastructure, low level of technology and informatization, inability to optimize dispatching and effectively allocate various resources, and insufficient application of new technologies. The comprehensive level of green supply chain management is not high, which is a common problem in China enterprises.
Problems existing in enterprise logistics management. In the green supply chain, due to the introduction of reverse logistics, logistics has formed a closed loop, and the products used by users re-enter the supply chain system through reverse logistics. Because it is difficult to determine the time, place and quantity of reverse logistics in advance, its location is scattered and disorderly, and it is impossible to move upstream at one time. Therefore, the coordinated management of reverse logistics and forward logistics is an urgent problem in green supply chain management.
Third, China's enterprises to develop green supply chain management countermeasures
1. Establish the strategic position of enterprise green supply chain management and strengthen the green management within the enterprise. First of all, enterprises should focus on long-term interests, take the construction of enterprise green supply chain as the starting point, and guide enterprises to make major decisions to turn to green supply chain management orientation; Secondly, when considering the problem of environmental optimization, all departments of enterprises should not only focus on their own departments, but also clarify their position in the green supply chain, so that their actions can meet the requirements of maximizing the overall environmental value; Finally, to strengthen the environmental awareness of enterprise leaders and employees, senior leaders of enterprises should change their ideas and actively use supply chain to consider economic, environmental and social goals. Through learning and training, we can improve the environmental awareness of employees at all levels of enterprises, and require every employee of enterprises to realize the long-term returns brought by green supply chain management to society and enterprises, so as to establish enterprises. Green image? , Chuang? Green brand? Become the conscious behavior of every employee.
2. Support from major stakeholders. As a kind of strategic management, the understanding and support of green supply chain management by enterprise shareholders and senior managers is related to the success or failure of this strategic management. The demonstration enterprises of green supply chain management should position themselves as the leaders of green supply chain management. They should not only set their own standards higher than the goals of saving resources, reducing waste, avoiding pollution and green design stipulated by relevant laws, but also actively improve the environmental protection level of the whole supply chain and even the whole industry.
3. Strengthen the environmental management of suppliers. The selection and evaluation of suppliers used to be assessed and managed by indicators including technical level, product quality, production capacity, price, geographical location, reliability, after-sales service, delivery date and flexibility, but now the green supply process puts forward higher requirements for suppliers and requires the establishment of a limited procurement mechanism for green suppliers. First of all, the evaluation indicators should be appropriately adjusted according to the manufacturer's own resources, capabilities and strategic objectives, and the set indicators should fully reflect the strategic intention of the manufacturer; Secondly, it emphasizes the recognition of suppliers and manufacturers on environmental protection in corporate culture and business philosophy, which is the basis for the formation of strategic partnership among supply chain members; Third, supply chain members have sustainable competitiveness and innovation ability. Finally, the comparability between suppliers is beneficial to the comparison between multiple potential suppliers.
4. Strengthen the publicity of green concepts and cultivate consumers' awareness of environmental protection. We should fully understand the importance of green consumption to sustainable development from the perspective of low per capita resource possession, heavy resource load and great pressure in China. Developing green consumption can reduce the damage of consumption behavior to the environment from the consumption terminal and curb the extensive operation of producers, thus helping to achieve the goal of sustainable social and economic development in China. At the same time, developing green consumption can not only improve people's consumption quality and health level from high-quality and pollution-free consumers, but also improve people's understanding of environmental protection, green consumption and sustainable development through the change of ideas and behaviors in the consumption process.