First, sort out the clues and perceive the content of the article as a whole
The first step to appreciate prose is to sort out the context of the article and grasp the image characteristics of the article as a whole. The intention of an article is usually manifested in the following aspects: material selection, clues, order, beginning, end, transition, quotation and the relationship between paragraphs. We can clear the train of thought of an article from these aspects. To understand the author's writing ideas, pay attention to two lines: one is the bright line. Narrative clues can be developed according to the change of scenes, the shift of observation points and the development of things. Second, the author's emotional clues are hidden lines. It often contains the author's more or less feelings, the author's change of attitude towards people, his preference for scenery and his judgment on things. Grasping the clue is equivalent to grasping the meaning of the article.
The structure of the article generally has the forms of total score, acceptance, juxtaposition and progression. If we sort out the structural levels, our thinking will be clear. It usually begins with a comprehensive summary of each paragraph. Draw a main sentence from a paragraph with a main sentence, and paragraphs with similar contents can be combined and summarized. Argumentative writing pays attention to the relationship between ideas and materials. When reading, we should pay attention to analyzing the reasoning process and the logical relationship between the parts, and draw the central sentence of each paragraph. For paragraphs without central sentences, it is necessary to summarize the main points of each paragraph, so as to understand every condensation point in the author's thinking process. Strengthening the training in this area is very helpful to improve the accuracy, profundity and organization of our grasp of the article. For example, Moonlight on the Lotus Pond was written in the order of "leaving home-walking along the path-moonlight on the lotus pond-remembering to pick lotus-going home", and the core image was "moonlight on the lotus pond". When reading Autumn in the Old Capital, we should first grasp that the author mainly writes autumn in the old capital from four aspects (Qiu Guang, autumn sound, autumn color and autumn taste), and highlight the characteristics of autumn in the old capital as "clear, quiet and sad".
Second, grasp the "literary eye" and taste the author's thoughts and feelings.
Liu Xizai, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, said: "The purpose of the full text is revealed at the beginning, middle or end. At the beginning of the article, the latter must pay attention to it. At the end of the article, the former must pay attention to it. In the article, the former must pay attention to it and then pay attention to it. Pay attention to it and suppress the so-called literary eye. " In other words, the literary eye is the spiritual cohesion of the article, which can point out that the literary eye is the symbol of reading the article. The way to point out the literary eye is as follows.
1. Find out the general clauses in the text.
For example, Yu Dafu wrote in "Autumn in the Old Capital": "It is particularly clear, especially quiet and particularly sad." This kind of "purity", "quietness" and "sadness" is the general projection of autumn in the old capital Peiping on the writer's mind, which constitutes the tone and background of the article. A wandering locust leaf can touch feelings, and a few cries of autumn insects are enough to touch the soul. This profound anxiety and feeling of being left out by the lonely were the feelings of Yu Dafu at that time.
2. Grasp the emotional connection
The author's feelings always converge at a point somewhere in the text. If you find this, you will find the eyes of the text. For example, in Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, the phrase "My heart is quite uneasy these days" at the beginning of the article reflects the author's faint sadness and joy. The author's feelings are condensed on this point, which is the literary eye of the whole article.
In addition, when reading and appreciating prose, we should pay attention to the key sentences of prose and make clear their functions. The total sentence can guide the full text, lead to the following, and also pave the way for the following, often closely related to the theme and containing the author's feelings; Turning sentences are often the transition between scene change and narrative angle change, so grasping them well can clarify the context of the article; Whether the conclusion sentence summarizes the full text, deepens the theme, or gives consideration to the above is thought-provoking; The finishing touch reveals the main idea, points out the center, is intriguing and enlightens people.
Third, pay attention to reading aloud and understand the deep meaning of the work.
The article reflects the author's ideological level and personality cultivation. Different authors, living in their own times and social environments, have different innate talents and acquired experiences, so their talents, temperament and temperament are also different, including high and low, deep and soft, elegant and vulgar, literary and upright, and their articles have formed different style characteristics. They are all modern prose, Lu Xun's profound practice, Mao Dun's calm and vigorous, Zhu Ziqing's quiet and elegant, Ye's simple and sophisticated, Sun Li and Lao She's fresh and lively, Lin Yutang's leisure and carefree, Qian Zhongshu's broad-minded humor, Xu Zhimo's rich and colorful ... with different styles. It is an aesthetic enjoyment to distinguish the characteristics of language expression, try to figure out different language styles and taste the meaning in reading.