It seems common sense that patients with heart disease should avoid salt (sodium chloride). In fact, not all heart patients should avoid salt. When some patients have heart failure, edema, hypertension, cardiac enlargement with cardiac insufficiency, water and sodium ions remain in the body. At this time, if salt is not avoided, sodium ions will increase, water retention will be aggravated and edema will be more obvious. Therefore, limiting salt intake is the key to prevent water retention in the body.

When heart failure occurs in patients with heart disease, the salt content in their daily diet should be reduced to 0.5 ~ 65438±0.0g You can choose foods with less salt content, such as rice, sweet potatoes, potatoes and flour. Fresh vegetables and fruits can be eaten freely, and meat, fish and eggs should be eaten in moderation.

Patients with heart disease are very strict about their diet, especially foods with high oil and fat, so stay away from them. As for which foods should be paid special attention to? First of all, avoid monosodium glutamate and foods with high salt content. Followed by foods with high cholesterol content, such as seafood, viscera, fat, skin, fried food, egg products, cream and so on. , should be avoided as much as possible.

In short, all animals with shells and feet should not be ingested, such as mussels, cuttlefish, crabs and shrimps, which are all foods with high cholesterol.

Water is the source of life. Under normal circumstances, people should drink at least1200ml of water every day. As we all know, mineral water, purified water and distilled water are clean, hygienic and safe drinking water. But for the elderly, drinking high-quality natural mineral water with low salinity is the most suitable.

High-quality natural mineral water is underground water that is dissolved by complex physical and chemical actions after long-term contact with rocks containing special components in the deep stratum. It can enhance human metabolism, improve disease resistance, delay aging, and also have medical effects on some diseases.

Due to the decline of the body, especially in midsummer, the elderly are weak in qi and blood and have low immune function, and often suffer from diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and heart disease. Therefore, the elderly should take the initiative to drink water, at least four cups a day, and it is best to choose high-quality natural mineral water to drink water. Because of the trace elements in high-quality natural mineral water. For example, zinc, iron, calcium, silicon, copper, strontium and lithium participate in the metabolism of enzymes, hormones and nucleic acids in the human body, which has great biological effects. Silicon has unimaginable medical capabilities for cardiovascular diseases, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and even a variety of cancers; Zinc has a certain auxiliary therapeutic effect on diabetic patients; Iron can prevent anemia and cancer; Strontium and lithium can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and improve the disease resistance; Copper has obvious health care effect on ischemic heart disease. After the elderly get up in the morning, drinking a cup of warm and high-quality natural mineral water on an empty stomach can reduce the blood concentration and widen the arterial wall, which is conducive to the normal circulation of blood and helps to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

Eating dried fruits regularly can reduce the incidence of heart disease.

What are the dietary requirements of patients with hypertension and heart disease?

Dietary recuperation of patients with hypertension and heart disease should be based on specific conditions. Generally speaking, we should pay attention to the following issues:

(1) Controlling the amount of salt The main components of salt are chlorine and sodium. If the sodium salt intake is too much, under the action of some endocrine hormones, it can cause arteriole spasm and raise blood pressure.

Stand up. At the same time, sodium salt also has the function of absorbing water. If you take too much sodium salt, you will store water in your body, which will increase the burden on your heart. Therefore, the supply of sodium salt in daily diet should be less than 3 grams; Salty foods such as pickles, pickled mustard tuber and bean curd with soy sauce are best eaten less or not.

(2) Controlling the supply of heat energy Patients with hypertension and heart disease should eat more foods with low calories. When the total heat energy is too high, serum cholesterol usually rises. If the patient is overweight, he should control his diet.

(3) Limit the amount of fat and cholesterol. Try to avoid eating foods containing animal fat and high cholesterol, such as animal fat, fat, liver,

Kidney, brain, lung, egg yolk, roe, etc. Edible vegetable oil and bean products can be used. But vegetable oil should not be too much, because too much vegetable oil will also make patients obese.

(4) Avoid irritating food. Try to use less spicy condiments such as ginger, pepper and pepper noodles in your diet. Smoking and drinking are strictly prohibited, and bad things such as drinking strong tea and strong coffee are removed.

Hobbies.

(5) Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, and often eat some fresh vegetables, fruits, bean sprouts, kelp, laver, fungus and other foods to prevent arteriosclerosis. Ordinary food

Using celery, weeds, tomatoes and other foods can lower blood pressure. Patients with heart disease should eat more fruits, such as hawthorn, Rosa laevigata and grapes.

Dietary factors to avoid rheumatic heart disease

(1) Do not eat bitter, cold and spicy food: Most patients with rheumatic heart disease have deficiency of heart and spleen. If they eat too much bitter cold food, it will damage the yang of the human body and aggravate the condition. In addition, foods such as peppers and mustard will make the heart beat faster and increase the burden on the heart. Moreover, this food will cause constipation, because it is difficult to defecate too hard, which will increase the burden on the heart and even cause accidents. ?

(2) Strictly control the intake of salt: strictly control the amount of salt, and also strictly limit the amount of various foods pickled with salt, so as not to cause water and sodium retention in the body and increase the burden on the heart.

(3) Quit smoking and drinking, strong tea and coffee: Because when cigarettes burn, they can produce a lot of carbon monoxide. After carbon monoxide is inhaled into the body, it can cause systemic vasoconstriction, combine with hemoglobin in the blood, and reduce its function of transporting oxygen, resulting in myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, which is not good for the heart. Exciting and stimulating drinks such as wine, strong tea and coffee can raise blood pressure, enhance the excitability of nervous system, lead to an increase in heart rate and even induce arrhythmia, thus increasing the burden on the heart and damaging the function of myocardial valves. Therefore, patients with rheumatic heart disease should ban smoking and excite stimulating drinks.

Tomatoes help reduce the risk of heart attack.

Finnish medical experts believe that eating tomatoes and tomato products often helps to reduce the risk of heart disease.

Tina Lisanin, a nutritionist at KuOppio University in Finland, recently published an academic paper that tomatoes are good for human health because they contain lycopene and carotenoids. These two vitamins will not be destroyed or disappeared in tomato sauce. This paper mainly studies the possible relationship between lycopene and reducing the risk of heart disease, which is also a part of the research project on risk factors of coronary artery disease carried out by the university since 1980s.

According to the follow-up observation of 700 middle-aged men in Ku Oppio, it is found that the risk of heart disease of men with low blood lycopene level is more than three times that of normal men. Compared with other countries, Finns consume less lycopene from food, and many elderly people and male citizens are "short of tomatoes". On the contrary, young people eat more lycopene because they often eat pizza. Lisanin thinks that if you eat more tomatoes and pizzas while eating other vegetables and foods, it will be good for your health.

Previously, medical experts from Ku Oppio University found that lycopene can prevent the thickening of the carotid artery wall.

Drinking low-fat milk: reducing the risk of heart disease

Scientists have found that drinking at least four cups of low-fat milk a day can reduce the risk of heart disease.

But Mark A Pereira says that not all dairy products are good for heart health. Dairy products with high fat content, such as whole milk, will increase low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the human body. In an interview with Reuters, he said that beneficial dairy products refer to those products whose fat content is below 2%, while the fat content in whole milk is around 4%. He also said that those who drink four cups of dairy products a day are on average 40% to 60% less likely to be obese.

Pereira said at the 4 1 annual meeting of the American Heart Association on Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Prevention that one explanation for the phenomenon that dairy products are good for health is that drinking dairy products may reduce the consumption of soda and other high-sugar drinks. The results of this study come from the study on the risk of coronary artery disease in young people. The study included 2909 black and white volunteers, aged between 18 and 30. Volunteers come from Birmingham, Chicago, Minneapolis, Oakland and other areas. During the ten-year follow-up period (1985- 1986),

Pereira of Harvard Medical School said that people who drink high-quality dairy products more than four times a day are thinner, have relatively lower blood pressure, have higher levels of benign cholesterol and have less diabetes. Most importantly, drinking dairy products every day can reduce insulin resistance, which often leads to type II diabetes or non-insulin-dependent diabetes, and type II diabetes is a known risk factor for heart disease. Ronald M. Krause, director of the Nutrition, Rehabilitation and Metabolism Committee of the American Heart Association, warned that Pereira's findings came from an observational study, so it is difficult to judge the causal relationship between drinking dairy products and reducing the risk of heart disease.