Source: Shi's Japanese invaders, but it is impossible to ask for a single soldier? Perilla said, "The Tao can not be sought." What is the reason? Sun Wu said: "A good soldier arouses people, not others." Xia Zi said, "A hundred workers live in four places to achieve their goals, and a gentleman learns his way." Don't ask for it, isn't it embarrassing?
Interpretation of vernacular:
In this case, is it impossible to find this "Tao" in the end? Su Shi said: "Tao can come naturally step by step through its own modest learning, but it cannot be forced without learning." So what does it mean to let nature take its course? Sun Wu said: "Generals who can fight can attract the enemy, but they will not be attracted by the enemy and will not put themselves in a passive position."
Xia Zi said, "Artisans from all walks of life sit in shops and workshops to complete their business of manufacturing and selling products. Only those who have virtue study hard and make the Tao come naturally. " Instead of forcing it, let it do it by itself!
Extended data writing background:
Sun Yu was written in 1078 (the first year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong), when Su Shi was the magistrate of Xuzhou. The "metaphor" of "Japanese metaphor" means "metaphor". Metaphorical reasoning with vivid things is a common argument method. "Japanese Metaphor" is an argumentative essay, and the author is good at using image metaphor to advance layer by layer, draw out opinions and write it out.
Appreciation of articles:
At the beginning of the article, the story goes like this. The characters, time and place in this story are not clear (even if it is virtual), and the structure is abstract, which is a "fable" as an argument.
Because the description is vivid, concrete and convincing. It can be concluded that any knowledge comes from perceptual experience. If we put aside perceptual experience and rely solely on indirect experience, just like a blind man touching an elephant, we will inevitably "turn to the other side" and confuse this thing with other things.
To speculate, to fabricate, to play a joke on "thinking about the sun by hearing the clock" and "thinking about the sun by thinking about the candle", that is, a small difference, a thousand miles away. The author points out: "Tao is more difficult to see than the sun, and the pursuit of human beings is tantamount to embarrassment." If we only rely on "the person who achieved the goal told us", "although there are clever examples and good guidance, there is no need to go too far."
However, perceptual experience alone is not enough. You have to practice by yourself and explore many times to master the Tao. The author thinks that "Tao can be sought, so it cannot be sought". As for the difference between "ambition" and "autumn", the author quotes ancient Chinese to explain "ambition": "Sun Wu said,' a good fighter can cause people, but not others'.
Xia Zi said: "One hundred workers live in four places, let it happen;" The study of a gentleman, so I can learn. " "The" cause "here is a kind of" step by step ". If you accumulate learning at ordinary times, you will naturally get the meaning of "Tao", and you will learn from it.
For example, if the army can take the initiative, it can advance, retreat and retreat. Only when the time is ripe can it attack and win. If it leads to "seeking" victory, it will become "facing people" and it will fail. The same is true of seeking Tao. If you keep practicing at ordinary times instead of rushing for success, then Tao can be created.
The author speaks with a faint pen, as if talking face to face. He is kind and moving, and his words are simple and clear, without any disadvantages of the stagnation of his essays. Moreover, this paper also inherits the advantages of argumentative writing in the Warring States period, taking fables as arguments to make the writing concise and vivid.