1. English abstract is a short article, which uses a written language that conforms to English grammar and provides a summary of the content of the paper. The content is basically the same as the Chinese abstract, but it is not necessary to be completely sentence by sentence.

2. English titles, abstracts and keywords form a page (1 page is enough), which is placed after the Chinese abstract page.

3. English fonts and line spacing: "Times New Roman" is used uniformly for "Western fonts".

4. English topic: Bold with the third word.

5. English abstract: "abstract" is capitalized, the fourth word is used, and it is bold.

6. English KeyWords: "keywords" In the top box, use the fourth word and make it bold.

Components:

It should be self-evident and have the same amount of information as the literature, that is, you can get the necessary information without reading the full text. A complete paper needs an abstract. The main functions of the abstract are:

(1) Let readers know the main contents of the paper as soon as possible to supplement the deficiency of the topic. Modern scientific and technological literature information is vast, whether readers will read the full text after searching the title of the paper is mainly judged by reading the abstract; Therefore, the abstract is responsible for attracting readers and introducing the main contents of the article to readers.

(2) It provides convenience for the construction and maintenance of scientific and technological information literature retrieval database. After the paper is published, abstract magazines or various databases can directly use the abstract without modification or slight modification, thus avoiding misunderstandings, deficiencies and even mistakes that may occur when others write the abstract. Therefore, the quality of abstracts directly affects the retrieval rate and citation frequency of papers.