It is easier for beginners to talk about natural breathing. In the natural state, the way people breathe is singing.

To learn to sing, we must first learn the correct method of singing and breathing. Here are some Chinese and foreign vocal artists.

Discussion on breathing:

Taylor's book quotes a passage from Manstein: "Breathing should flow out of the chest slowly and without violence."

Come on, the breath should come out at the same time as the sound. "

Garcia said: "The function of exhalation is to compress the lungs filled with air in the chest and diaphragm, so that the breath gradually flows out of the body."

Outside. "

Tetrazzini quoted Rampetti as saying in the book: "The correct way to breathe is to learn to sing."

People are more important than anything. "￣

Ma Erkai West also said: "For beginners, when you explain to him the mechanical nature of breathing."

On the journey, you must make him understand that the law of nature is that breathing can be separated from our intentions.

Pool can be independent. "

Tang Xuegeng said in the book How to Practice Singing: "Correct breathing is an important reason in the art of singing performance.

. Speaking from the whole singing art, singing breath is an important means of artistic expression, while speaking from singing voice, singing voice

It's motivation. The accuracy of vocalization, beautiful sound quality and expressive force of singing are closely related to breathing. Many faults of singers.

It is often caused by the singer's bad breath. According to the traditional national singing method, a good singer must first adjust his spirit.

This just shows the importance of singing and breathing. "

Mr. Gino Becky, a world-famous Italian baritone singer, said in his teaching: "You should also breathe when you lie down and sleep.

At this time, the breathing method is right. Remember, when singing, breathe the way you breathe when you are lying down. "

As can be seen from many statements listed above, many people emphasize the importance of breathing, but they are the same.

Use a physiological, natural and perfect breathing method suitable for singing. As we all know,

It is most natural to sleep or lie down and breathe. Although it is different from singing in terms of strength support and inspiratory capacity.

Our breathing is far apart, but the breathing parts are the same, all in the upper abdomen. This is a completely natural breathing method.

. The other is breathing during manual labor. When inhaling, the chest muscles contract hard, making the chest bigger. When exhaling,

The inspiratory muscles relax and the expiratory muscles force the chest to become smaller. This is also a completely natural breathing method. Beginner song

Singers can experience these two kinds of natural breathing, grasp this feeling and apply it to singing practice.

Please practice singing "Love the Army and Practice Martial Arts" first, and then take a deep breath to see if you can sing two bars.

Stop, take a deep breath and sing the next paragraph. Don't inhale bar by bar, sing bar by bar.

The ground wire is broken, which is not conducive to Song's performance.

2. The singer's breath

The singer's breathing is a kind of controlled breathing, which is achieved through training. Talk about natural breathing for beginners, never.

It means just staying in the experience of natural breathing, but achieving freedom through long-term scientific training.

The "controlled" breathing successfully applied to singing is also the singer's breathing.

Breathing while singing is a conscious and powerful breathing. When inhaling, although the inhalation action is related to "sleep" and "body"

When working hard, "the two natural breathing methods are the same, but the difference is that the first pair of ribs are slightly raised upward." When exhaling, inhale

When the air muscles exhale, they exert force to control and make it even. Diaphragm and abdominal muscles are in a state of confrontation; Exhaled muscle groups and inhalation

The gas muscle group is also in a state of confrontation.

One thing that I think needs to be pointed out in particular is that many singing teachers often use "diaphragm support" when guiding students.

"This noun. When students feel short of breath and the breath is not strong enough or unstable when singing, the teacher also takes the lead.

I think the diaphragm support is too weak. Physiologically speaking, it is unreasonable to use this word casually. Because first of all,

The instability of exhalation is not only due to the diaphragm, but to the strength of all the inspiratory muscles that support the chest cavity.

Yes, but it is also that the coordination between inspiratory muscle group and expiratory muscle group is not coordinated enough; The diaphragm is just a molecule of the inspiratory muscle group.

, can't be called alone. The remedy is to strengthen the training of inspiratory muscle groups.

Another point to emphasize is that there are many reasons for the lack of strength when singing high notes or loudly. In terms of breathing, it needs to be established.

There is a strong impulse in the chest cavity. Besides the inspiratory muscles, we should try our best to support the chest cavity, and the expiratory muscles should also be strong.

And can cooperate with the inspiratory muscle group to advance and retreat smoothly. If the expiratory muscles are weak, especially the contractility of the abdominal muscles is not enough.

, or when the action is not strong enough, the momentum is naturally weak. The remedies include inhaling muscle groups to improve the chest when inhaling.

In addition to posture, we should actively strengthen the contractility and stability of expiratory muscles, especially abdominal muscles.

When singing, both groups of muscles need to breathe hard, but which group is the focus of singing training breathing? If not added

After careful consideration, you may answer: "To keep breathing steady, of course, the most important thing is to train the expiratory muscles in the chest."

Actually, it's not. Exhale the muscles. Exhale is very important, but according to the principle mentioned above, singing is training.

Exhaled muscles do not occupy the most important position in the breathing step. Now we need to use Dr. Lin Junqing's simple rubber gas.

The ball test explains:

We try to compare the chest to a rubber ball and compare the trachea and throat to the outlet of the ball. When the balloon is squeezed by the elastic force of rubber

Relationship, when the air is discharged, if the outlet is wide, the air

It will be discharged quickly, and the power of air passing through the air outlet will be rough. This is what happens when you breathe normally.

If we suddenly tighten the air outlet before exhausting, but it is not closed, the exhaust action can be completed immediately.

Become slow and regular. People's two vocal cords are close to each other to block the sound, which actually has this effect. have

When the throat contracts, the same effect will be produced. The function of exhaust is naturally controlled by obstruction of vocal cords and contraction of throat.

Become slow and stable. In the case of general natural vocalization, vocal cords and larynx vocalization are not only the action of pronunciation.

It not only has the task of controlling exhaust, but also has the function of controlling exhaust. In other words, the vocal cords and throat are equivalent to an air lock at the same time. This is everyday life.

The breath used when speaking is the situation that ordinary singers sing with ordinary breath. When this kind of singing meets with difficulties,

Difficult sentence, because the vocal cords can't stop this exhalation alone, the muscles of the throat, pharynx and neck will help, that is to say,

Everyone is in a state of tension, which makes the throat feel extremely uncomfortable and extremely tired when singing, and it also damages the health of the throat.

Therefore, when singing, it is best not to regard the chest as a balloon, but as a bellows that can breathe and suck.

Practice it to do the conscious strong breathing mentioned above. No matter the size of the exit, the exhaled breath is always stable and powerful.

Not only can breathing be smooth, but the throat is only responsible for making sounds, not responsible, when the inspiratory muscles are constantly trying to support the chest enlargement.

We should also shoulder the task of controlling venting. As soon as the work task is relieved, the throat and vocal cords naturally feel relaxed, and the voice will naturally be fine.

Long enough, the expression will naturally be comfortable. This is controlled breathing. To achieve this, the inspiratory muscles of the chest must

The meatballs are very strong, and the movements should be steady and energetic. Because when singing, this group of inspiratory muscles is timely from inhalation to exhalation.

For a long time, under the normal breathing condition, the inspiratory muscles don't need to exert such active force, so

Not strong. Now if you want it to keep working hard, it will not be competent. So the most important thing in training breathing control is not.

I am training the expiratory muscles, but I am training the inspiratory muscles, including the diaphragm.

3. Breathing art of three singing methods

The breathing method when singing always changes with different phrases.

< 1 > Bel canto breathing skills

Controlled breathing method

Controlled breathing is often used to sing long notes, especially when singing long notes in high notes.

There are many opportunities to sing long notes in singing, and it is also important to sing high notes. So this breathing method can be called beauty.

One of the main breathing methods in vocal music singing.

Bouncing short breath method

There are many places in artistic singing that need "staccato" singing. The exhalation of staccato singing is completely different from singing long notes.

It should be short and pithy, full of strong impact. Never use a breathing place where long notes are sung. If you want to answer

Singing "staccato" with long breathing will inevitably make all the exhaling muscles in the chest and abdomen contract together in an instant.

It is not easy to meet the requirements of staccato. Because there are too many muscles involved, the movements are difficult to be consistent.

Incoherence, not breathing fast enough, unclear sound interception, which does not meet the requirements of "staccato".

Even if the movements can be consistent, but the force does not match the inspiratory muscle group, it may be too hard to vent, resulting in a tight throat.

. A tight throat will hinder pronunciation and sound bad. So singing "staccato" with this breathing method often makes people

The feeling is not clear enough, or the impact is not strong enough, especially when singing a short "staccato"

The weather is more obvious. The accurate way to exhale when singing short notes is to temporarily fix all the muscles in the chest and maintain the strength of confrontation.

In a balanced state, the upper abdominal muscles, especially the upper parts of rectus abdominis and internal abdominal muscles, and the diaphragm are used alone.

Confrontation, make a loose and tight action. After singing "staccato", we will stop the abdominal muscles and restore the chest breathing muscles.

The original action of the meatball is to change the long sound.

Natural relaxation breathing method

Sing a very common phrase that is neither too high nor too low, and sometimes you can speak normally in one breath. Or keep your chest still.

It can also be treated by using diaphragm and abdominal muscle alone. Because maintaining strong breathing is quite laborious, even with training.

Amateurs are also difficult to use in the whole song. And when singing, you must have a chance to relax, otherwise you will be fine.

Excessive waste of energy, when you have to breathe heavily in a wonderful paragraph, you will be overwhelmed.

Acute inhalation and slow exhalation

According to the requirements of the song, you should sing more coherently, and the voice can't come out one by one. Inhale and exhale slowly.

This is a common method in singing. You should practice often.

Inhale and exhale slowly.

Inhale slowly according to the needs of the song, and then exhale slowly after the pause. Exhale evenly and moderately. Be careful not to have

Stiff feeling, relax breathing.

Inhale slowly and exhale quickly.

If the song is marked with inspiratory symbol, you can inhale slowly, pause for a while, and then according to the strong sound symbol requirements of the next phrase,

Breathe out your breath quickly. Pay attention to the rapid and elastic twitching of abdominal muscles and diaphragm when exhaling.

Acute inhalation and exhalation

Use this breathing method when songs express or stimulate emotions.

< 2 > National Singing Breathing Skills

Kneading qi method

Use the strength of abdominal muscles to send qi to the waist. This method is suitable for singing songs that express delicate feelings.

Air supply method

This method requires that the air flow should be fast when sending air. Suitable for singing passionate and infectious songs.

Gas lift method

This method requires rapid contraction of abdominal muscles, thus generating strong air pressure. Suitable for singing high-pitched and intense songs.

method of precipitation

This method requires the abdominal muscles to relax and the breathing feels sinking. Suitable for bass areas.

Bullet gas method

This method is to use the explosive power of breath to sing songs that are cheerful, powerful and full of jumping emotions.

Breathing method

This method requires the waist to feel elastic to achieve the role of decoration and emphasis on color tone.

Gas stopping method

The airflow suddenly stopped in the song and then continued to flow. Suitable for singing broken phrases, or because of the tune

Interrupt what is going on and use it when the mood changes.

Gas collection method

When receiving breath, rhyme with suffix to reduce the volume and breath pressure. Suitable for singing nostalgic and faded artistic conception

In addition, there are breath holding, gas cutting, gas jumping, gas hissing, gas pumping and gas leakage. . . . . . Wait a minute.

There are three principles in the use of breath in national singing: that is, breath should be deep, smooth and lively.

< 3 > the breath of popular singing

At present, there is no monograph on the breathing of popular singing. You can learn from the breathing skills of bel canto and folk singing.

In addition, we can learn from the methods of luck, holding one's breath, grabbing one's breath, stopping one's breath, stealing one's breath, taking big breaths and taking small breaths in traditional opera singing.

In the song, according to the needs of the song content, the emotion of the performance is integrated.

4. Training methods of singing and breathing

Training the antagonistic strength of the abdomen, that is, the holding strength of breath and the supporting strength of breath, is also called breath.

Control. In other words, it is to use the breath in a planned way according to the performance, sound size, strength and so on. This is the point.

Introduce several methods of breathing training in silent singing;

Pour ash breathing method

We all have this common sense. What will happen if you hold a handful of ashes, straighten up and fall to the ground?

So what? Dust scattered on the ground will immediately form an air column to rise. That's how we suck it.

Gas should fall to the ground like ash at once, and it will be absorbed deeply and widely. Oh, mins, that's like an air column bouncing back from the ground, Bao.

Hold the feeling of inhalation, twist it into an inverted T-shape, and drill out upwards. Every sentence should be like this, forming a benign atmosphere.

Cycle, let you overcome the problem of shallow breath and stiff breath in singing. If breathing is shallow and stiff, it will not have a good effect.

Sound effects.

Lower fulcrum suction method

The lower fulcrum is on the diaphragm, which is also the position of our finger-belly breathing. suck up

When you breathe, you feel that you are inhaling directly at the "lower fulcrum", as if the gas has not passed through the nasal airway, and you have to do this every time you inhale.

If you do, you can achieve the inhalation state of abdominal breathing. Of course, I'm just talking about feelings, not really.

How can the sample be inhaled without passing through the nose, mouth and trachea? Here we only use feelings, assumptions and metaphors to inspire learning.

Singers master scientific methods.

Solution suction method

This inhalation method is applied when the singer is in a relatively nervous state. Because the melting inhalation method is easier.

Take a deep breath, there is no sound and obvious movements, it is easy to understand and master, only when you feel that your limbs are melting.

Do not relax the lumbar and cervical vertebrae. Inhalation learning, don't close your mouth too tightly, it will affect the speed and flexibility of intake.

Make love. When inhaling, your mouth should open naturally, and it is best to inhale at the same time as your nose.

High position inhalation method

Singing while inhaling, the state of inhaling, in the process of inhaling, the breath seems to pass through the nose and the upper teeth in the mouth.

From the palate to the diaphragm, this is a parabolic angle and the position is very high. So you can breathe in when you sing.

With state singing, you can reach a high position and take a deep breath as a whole voice. If you turn down the volume when you inhale.

Qi seems to be inhaled through the lower teeth and tongue surface, only through the mouth. Then, it is inevitable that the inhalation of air will be shallow and there will be action.

There is sound, so the sound sung by inhaling must be horizontal, white, shallow, tight, narrow and difficult to understand.

Solve the problem of high notes in singing.

The method of keeping breathing when shooting and aiming

When singing, the inner voice should be kept in the state of inhalation, and at the same time, singing outward, forming internal and external confrontation, which can not only maintain

The depth of inhalation can also make the breath even, smooth and lasting when singing. Practice singing with inhalation when shooting and aiming, which is also

Just a feeling. People who have served in the army are familiar with this state and can easily understand it. So as to keep breathing when singing.

The purpose of stability. In the process of singing, the more breath is not enough, the more I keep inhaling. The problem is

It can alleviate and make others sound endless.

The above silent song 1 singing breathing training method is convenient for self-training in various situations. When exhaling, if you can add s

Voice, from 10 seconds to 20 seconds, and then hold for 30 seconds, is a good result.

Since breathing is required to be long and powerful, it is necessary to require the singer to have a strong body. It is said that the great singer caruso.

Do military gymnastics or simple exercise of dumbbells when you get up early.

5. Learn to deal with the breathing of songs

When singing, you should calculate how to breathe, and design in advance where to breathe for the song you want to sing. Usually in tune.

The breath between two phrases is not popular enough for beginners to sing. You can change the breath several times first. Try to take pictures when you take a breath.

Considering the fluency of phrases.

Some songs have no rest between phrases, and they need to breathe by shortening the duration of the previous sound. if

If the previous sound is not shortened when breathing, the duration of the latter sound will be occupied by breathing and the beat will be inaccurate. For example, military flags,

Soldiers' flags, everywhere you breathe, there is no rest. You must breathe by shortening the duration of the previous sound. 12

In fact, it is impossible to sing two beats in 16, 20, 24, so take a breath as soon as possible.

Another example: "I love you, China", the first 19, 2 1, 23, 25, 27, 29 didn't rest, only three beats.

Two beats and a half singing. In fact, the first half of the 3 1 bar can only sing half a beat and half a foot, and the duration of sixteenth notes can be shortened.

Take a deep breath.

When singing enthusiastic and cheerful songs, it is easy to have a "shock" because of its high speed and no rest between sessions.

"And" breath "should be avoided as much as possible. For example: "The Tracker's Love", if you sing the first two sentences and change your tone only once in each sentence, then

There will be no sound of "bump" and "pop" on the two sounds of "head" and "walk". "Shock" is due to respiratory control.

No, it's caused by the heavy breath when listening to the radio, which makes this phrase lose its fluency and sounds sudden. "Easy to live.

"It's just because you hold your breath, which makes the pronunciation ambiguous and destroys the integrity of the phrase.

Breathing is a means of expressing content, and singing breathing must be consistent with the mood of the song being performed. For example, sing a March

Breathe calmly and firmly; When singing warm and cheerful songs, breathe lightly and flexibly; Sing a lyric song

When you bend over, breathe gently and steadily. In a word, singing breath should not be regarded as a purely technical thing, but as it.

It is considered to be an effective means of singing artistic expression. Only from the content and musical expression of songs can we use our own voice.

Suction is the real purpose for singers to practice singing and breathing.

Opening your voice is a big problem in singing.

What is a throat?

Throat is the general name of throat and pharynx.

What is throat opening?

Physically, you can only open your throat. The four cartilages of the larynx are difficult to spread around, but they are thyroid-shaped.

Cartilage can move down. This has caused many singers' mistakes. They tried to pull down the Adam's apple, thinking that,

My throat is open. Don't you know that the first thing is narrow throat; Secondly, cricoid cartilage and trachea are squeezed, and qi

Breathing produces a feeling of blockage; This state is not conducive to high notes again.

"Openness" can also be understood as "openness". "Loose" means "over".

How to find the feeling of "opening"

In my personal experience, I think:

Singing with the simplest feeling of "laughing" or "crying" can "open" your voice.

When you cry, your voice will get thicker and wider. In fact, the soft palate is raised, the pharyngeal cavity is "opened" and the Adam's apple is relatively in place.

Move it.

When I sang the first "Farewell" of the Long March Suite, I sang it with the feeling of crying: the red flag fluttered and the bugle sounded. An army of people's sons

Don't want your hometown. The red army's main force went on the road and its strategy shifted to the distance. Men, women and children came to see me off, tears stained their clothes and talked about their feelings. tight

Hold the hand of the Red Army tightly. When will relatives return to their hometown? "Voice reached between" loose "and" pass ".

Some pop singers are good at singing in tears. In fact, the effect of this painful singing is to "open" your voice.

Laugh and sing, and open your throat like crying and singing. The smiling muscles are raised, and the whole singing is in a state of excitement.

Give full play to the harmony of throat, qi and * * *.

The singing method of national songs often emphasizes "smile". First, it is conducive to "pronouncing words and returning to sounds"; Second, it is beneficial to timbre.

Small change.

2. The degree of mouth "opening" is determined according to the vocalization of different vocal areas.

When singing bass, your mouth naturally "opens".

When singing loudly, your mouth "opens" like a big horn. Muscles at the back of the neck are tightened, the upper jaw is opened, and the head is slightly tilted back.

Yang. Don't look up at your chin. Feel the feeling of your chin falling or not falling.

At this time, the throat is open, and it is no problem to send a high-pitched B and C3. Of course, we should also pay attention to increasing the pressure of breathing and * * *

Rational use of singing cavity.

3. Changes and application of vocal cords

"Open your voice" and "open your mouth" at the same time, and the vocal cords should change according to the pitch.

The alto is pronounced with a mixed voice, and the vocal cords are forcibly closed.

The low voice area is pronounced with real voice, and the vocal cords are elongated.

Pronunciation falsetto is dominant in high-pitched areas, vocal cords are shortened, and the edges vibrate. Finally, it should be pointed out that:

You should devote yourself to singing. "Openness" should also be "openness" wholeheartedly. Push your back like a wall,

The entire pharyngeal cavity is "opened" and the posterior pharyngeal wall is stressed.

At this time, you should feel that you are a big fat man, full of breath and rooted in your feet. * * * The use of Ming has a master and a second time.

Conclusion: The two-way confrontation between "opening the throat" and "opening the mouth" and the rational use of breath and * * * are the third part of singing.

Big factor.