Multimedia Chinese class refers to both "Chinese class with optimized combination of various audio-visual media" and "Chinese class with multimedia computer-aided instruction". Especially the latter, the integration and control of multimedia computers and the diversification of information media provide students with a lively and colorful learning environment. It has the characteristics of breaking through time and space, expanding scope and capacity, and increasing the intuition, vividness and vividness of teaching materials. The magical cooperation of sound, light, electricity, shape, color and picture not only provides teachers with intuitive, vivid and efficient teaching methods, but also provides effective ways for students to learn Chinese, develop their whole brains, cultivate their intelligence and improve their quality. In terms of teaching methods or means, it is different from traditional teaching. It can turn the content described in language into a picture schema combining sound and form, make the static aesthetic object move and become a dynamic aesthetic object, speed up the information speed of beauty, increase the information capacity of beauty, and make students directly influenced by aesthetic feeling, so as to achieve the best educational effect.

In recent years, the author has devoted himself to the research of "optimizing Chinese experiments with multimedia CAI", and has made practical research on the design of CAI courseware and classroom teaching structure, and initially explored the following design types:

First, the sound composition, experience emotional beauty

Literary works, especially prose, have high aesthetic attributes. Some people say that prose is the fruit of the emotional tree, which is true. However, limited by the experience of the times, especially the emotional experience, it is common for works to differ from students' emotions.

Therefore, in the design of multimedia CAI courseware or the teaching design of multimedia Chinese class, teachers should first make use of the advantages of computer media to turn the content described by language and words into a three-dimensional intersection of sound and shape, a picture schema of sound and silence, thus creating special situations, excavating the soul, and introducing students' emotional flow into the track to cause aesthetic vibration.

For example, when designing the courseware of litchi honey, we should grasp the clues of the author's emotional changes to bees. First of all, it is necessary to reproduce the story that the author was accidentally stung by a bee in the tree with a plane serial schema, so that students can understand and feel the emotional frustrations of the author who doesn't like bees very much. Then, let the students know the life characteristics of the bee by playing the video of "visiting the bee building"; Finally, colorful bees are used to collect flowers to make honey, farmers are diligent in planting rice, and key paragraphs are used to let students know the selfless dedication of bees. In the classroom teaching design, we guide students to recite the text from the aspects of tone, intonation and rhythm, and then guide students to appreciate the noble spirit of bees. Especially for "I can't help shivering! In the key part of the text, the students' mind is "shocked" by the situational atmosphere formed by the collection of pictures, words and background music, and they consciously experience, think and feel people, things and things with the author, turning into a spiritual vein with their own soul personality and infiltrating into the deep heart.

Second, dynamic and static creativity, appreciate the beauty of implication

The author reveals the essence and true meaning of life through his perception and thinking of life, his discussion of heaven and earth, ancient roads and modern people, and his lyrical description of scenery, which has a refreshing aesthetic attribute. In this regard, teaching should strive to guide students to appreciate the artistic realm full of philosophical implications created by the author, and let students walk into the works to understand, so as to obtain a high-level aesthetic pleasure.

With the flexible and controllable information processing advantages of multimedia computer, we pay attention to the beauty of images and sounds displayed by the media, or there is movement and stillness, and there is movement and stillness; Or dynamic and static cross, dynamic and static combination, and strive to make the media show both harmonious color beauty and elegant music beauty.

For example, Listening to Tide is a beautiful article with far-reaching lyrical meaning. When designing the courseware, we choose "Crescent Island" and its sea surface as the background of the "Introduction" link, with the long and wide theme of "Ode to Our Lady". Then the teacher recited the introduction. ("Whenever we stroll on the seawall or the beach, have you ever experienced the profundity and richness of the sea from its murmur, infatuation or surging roar ..." Studying the article Listening to Tide by the famous writer Yan Lu, we can appreciate the richness and profundity of the sea and immerse ourselves in its gentle and quiet beauty. Dreamlike reverie, like singing from the horizon, maintains people's vision for a better future, deepens and enriches the bright mood and pure and lofty realm of teachers, scholars and listeners.

For the three changeable tidal stages in this paper, we design the pictures that can best reflect the characteristics of the stages through static pictures, and form the module interface by oblique superposition. And each stage is equipped with the most scenic static pictures; Video playback (music, images, reading) and music background composition at this stage. In particular, the music configured in each stage is carefully selected and skillfully designed. For example, in the "low tide" stage, we choose "dream melody", which is steady and slow, full of peace and tranquility. Whether it is used as a musical background for reading aloud (individually or collectively) or as a situational atmosphere to stimulate association, it can make people feel profound and lasting, as if they are in a sweet dream, so that students can appreciate the gentle, beautiful and quiet beauty of the sea in their sleep. Another example is the "Spring Sonata" in the "Tide Rise" stage; In the "climax" stage, we selected "Yellow River Piano Concerto" to let students appreciate the magnificent and unrestrained beauty of the sea in the magnificent and broad musical background. In order to appreciate the rich and profound philosophical meaning of the sea, the dynamic video playback at high tide can make students feel like they are on the beach and appreciate the profound connotation of "great sports" in the raging waves.

In the process of teaching, various ways of "reading-listening-reading-reading" are adopted, and reading is in the form of "individual-group-whole" competition, so that students can recite it repeatedly, reach the realm of "forgetting myself" in learning and experience aesthetic pleasure.

Third, create a space-time environment and realize the beauty of harmony.

According to its literary characteristics, poetry teaching should not only pay attention to understanding the extremely refined and rhythmic language, but also guide students to understand the poet's strong feelings and rich imagination. The poet's rich imagination often spans time and space, and the expression of theme, emotion and verve, the application of expression methods and the handling of rhythm all present a beautiful posture, thus producing great aesthetic value.

Here, the advantages of multimedia such as shortening time and space, increasing information density and expanding information capacity come in handy.

For example, in The Market in the Sky, the poet Guo Moruo linked street lamps with stars, from stars to street lamps, thinking of the market in the sky, the goods in the market, and the cowherd and the weaver girl walking in the market. In this way, metaphors set each other off and become interesting, creating a harmonious and wonderful artistic conception full of fantasy and poetry. With the help of multimedia computer, it not only reproduces the seamless picture of heaven and earth, but also presents the language characteristics of the whole poem with distinct rhythm and rhythm. Let students feel the realistic scene and the wonderful and harmonious artistic conception in the process of learning to read and taste.

Multimedia computer-aided instruction is a modern teaching method that embodies the characteristics of the times, and its scientific nature is more prominent. However, the combination of science and humanities, and the unity of sensibility and rationality in multimedia Chinese classroom still need our efforts to explore and study in practice.

Article 2:

First, the status quo of multimedia teaching

The key to the transformation from "exam-oriented education" to quality education is reform, which is the fundamental way out for education. The reform of educational ideas, contents, methods and means is the core of educational reform. With the rapid development of science and technology, modern educational technology integrates projection, slide show, recording, video recording, television, language laboratory and multimedia computer for education, which will bring a profound revolution to education.

In recent years, although modern educational technology has been well applied and developed in all fields of education and teaching, the penetration of multimedia computers into classroom teaching is only at the embellishment stage of a research activity, and its overall role in educational reform is far from us. The main reasons are: the conditions for realizing multimedia teaching are not enough, and the mode of multimedia teaching has not really formed, which leads to the lack of comprehensive and in-depth research on multimedia teaching. Based on the development trend of modern educational technology and the practical experience of audio-visual education in our school 18 years, this paper talks about the realization mode and mode of multimedia optimization in primary school Chinese teaching.

Second, the realization of various factors of multimedia teaching

(A) material factors

Material refers to the hardware facilities and software configuration of multimedia teaching. As the saying goes: "The soldiers and horses have not moved, and the grain and grass go first." Similarly, to realize educational modernization, we must have a solid foundation of modern educational equipment and supporting software. General requirements: "six rooms and four systems". "Six rooms": (1) Ordinary classroom: "five machines and one scene" in each class (i.e. projector, tape recorder, tape recorder, color TV, multimedia host and projection screen). (2) Computer room: multimedia configuration, according to the maximum class size, two people have one computer. (3) Multifunctional audio-visual classroom: It covers an area of 100 square meter and is equipped with multimedia computers, video recorders, VCDs, video amplifiers, sound systems and multifunctional classrooms integrating the functions of traditional media and modern media. (4) Voice laboratories: 64 are required. (5) Audio-visual reference room (also called audio-visual reading room): covering an area of over 56 square meters, equipped with multimedia computers, televisions, video recorders and projectors. (6) Equipment storage room: covering an area of 56 square meters, it is required to have the functions of moisture-proof, fire prevention and theft prevention. "Four systems": (1) closed-circuit television system. (2) Studio system. (3) Computer network system. (4) Modern teaching material system: all kinds of audio-visual teaching materials are complete, serialized and multimedia, forming a teaching material package.

(B) Human factors

Human factor refers to the participants who directly affect the teaching effect in the whole teaching process. Teachers are the practitioners and implementers of education, and the establishment of a team of high-quality teachers is the decisive factor to realize the modernization of education and implement quality education. This requires: (65,438+0) to update educational concepts, enhance modern educational awareness, and strengthen the position and role of modern educational technology in education and teaching. It is necessary to strengthen the theoretical training of modern educational technology for teachers. (2) Strengthen audio-visual skills training. Audio-visual teaching skills include media operation, textbook production, media selection, media design and combination, classroom audio-visual teaching design, experimental experience summary and other basic skills. The ways of training are: self-study, lectures and further study.

Third, the realization of multimedia teaching mode

(A) Simulation teaching mode

The simulation function of modern educational technology is an auxiliary teaching function developed and used earlier, especially the traditional audio-visual media. At present, the auxiliary teaching of audio-visual education in schools basically belongs to this teaching mode.

The simulation teaching mode mainly uses the simulation function of modern educational media to deal with abstract concepts, phenomena that are difficult to observe clearly, things that span time and space and experiments that are difficult to realize through animation, video and projection. On the display screen, micro-zoom, macro-zoom, dynamic and static are combined with pictures and texts, which mobilize students' various senses to participate in activities in a short time, so that students can obtain dynamic information, thus forming a clear perceptual knowledge. At the same time, it reduces the difficulty of students' understanding of knowledge, which is conducive to cultivating students' thinking ability in images and improving their abstract thinking ability.

Multimedia simulation teaching in primary school Chinese teaching is mainly suitable for the reproduction of things that span time and space. For example, the scenery changes and rich products in Xiaoxing 'anling in Northeast China are described in the article Beautiful Xiaoxing 'anling. In teaching, according to each key link of teaching, the scene characteristics of spring, summer, autumn and winter and the freeze-frame picture of keywords are reproduced by video respectively. Using video material to show the real picture in this way, students will feel immersive, the solution of teaching difficulties will be broken, and students' ability will be further improved.

Multimedia simulation teaching will fundamentally change our teaching concept, greatly change the traditional single teaching method of chalk and blackboard, and open up a broader road for students to acquire knowledge.

(B) individual counseling teaching model

Individual tutoring teaching mode originated from Skinner's machine program teaching method. Based on the birth of multimedia computer and the formation of a series of supporting teaching software and tool software, and aiming at the disadvantages of the current class teaching system, it is also an important way for Chinese teaching to change from "exam-oriented education" to quality education. Multimedia courseware has a strong interactive function, which is one of its major characteristics. Students can put forward what they need to learn according to their actual learning situation, and the computer will display the learning content in time, and can ask students questions, analyze problems, make judgments and give feedback. If students encounter difficulties in learning, it can also guide students to learn relevant content to tide over the difficulties. Only in this way can students' knowledge be continuously consolidated and their learning ability be continuously improved.

Literacy teaching is a key and difficult point in the lower grades of primary schools. The teaching content is monotonous and boring, so it is difficult for students to read the pronunciation correctly, remember the font, write the order, understand the meaning and talk with it. In addition, students' learning level is uneven in the learning process, so it is difficult for teachers to give individual counseling. In this regard, we can use multimedia computers to realize individual tutoring teaching. For example, there are five new words (I, yes, love, country and star) in the literacy teaching of I'm from China. We use multimedia courseware to teach the following steps: (1) Teachers guide students to master the sounds, shapes, characters, meanings, writing and sentences of words; (2) Students use courseware for interactive learning, asking them to find out the difficulties in learning and ask the computer to help them solve them; (3) Students who have spare capacity for study can further learn new knowledge.

This teaching mode needs the design and production of courseware first. The more program branches are designed, the richer the expected situation will be, the more comprehensive the service provided for students will be, and the ideal effect will be achieved. Secondly, we should give full play to the main role of students, but we should not ignore the dominant position of teachers. Teachers should help students sum up their own personality characteristics, learning methods and learning styles. So as to cultivate a group of students with personality, characteristics, good learning quality and learning methods, and this goal has been achieved.

(C) the new teaching model

The multimedia CAI courseware of the new teaching mode is designed with the teaching theme as the main line, strengthening the educational focus, breaking through the teaching difficulties, making full use of computer hardware resources and giving full play to the expressive force of software. The new teaching mode takes CAI courseware as the main source of information transmission. It processes the new content in various ways and different expressions, and presents it to students vividly and interestingly, which plays a role in stimulating students' interest in learning, concentrating their attention, turning abstraction into intuition, and also embodies the advantages of media in teaching.

For example, the poem "Goose" contains rich information: the voice, image and movement of the goose. Traditional teaching methods and means are difficult to express this rich information clearly, while multimedia teaching is just suitable for expressing this rich information. Specific steps of teaching: (1) Quxiang shows a white goose floating on the water with animation, constantly stretching its neck. (2) Quxiang Xiang Tiange synthesized the sound effect of geese on the basis of previous animation. (3) White Hair highlights its white feathers with a picture of a still big white goose floating on the water. (4) "White Hair Drifting with Green Water" shows a big white goose floating on the rippling water, highlighting its leisurely "floating". The teacher guides the students to observe the color contrast between water and goose feathers and the leisurely movements of geese. (5) "Anthurium andraeanum" shows the movement of white goose paddling forward with red sole and the "splash" sound of paddling. (6) When explaining the poem as a whole, put an animation: pavilions, willows are shaded, and a child is constantly throwing food at the geese in the lake. In the whole teaching process, the combination of picture and text, sound and emotion, and audio-visual play up the atmosphere and create the artistic conception of the original poem, thus stimulating students' interest in learning, reducing students' learning difficulty, enabling students to learn knowledge, understand poetry and strengthen their memory in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere.

Before teaching the new curriculum, teachers should first fully understand the intention of CAI textbook design. Secondly, teachers should carefully prepare the media while preparing lessons (that is, the timing of media display, language organization, etc. Thirdly, when using CAI courseware, teachers should not focus on the courseware, but on the text teaching materials, which fully reflects the students' learning initiative according to their actual learning level. So as to optimize the classroom teaching structure and cultivate students' ability.

(D) Training and practice mode

Fast feedback and strong error correction are important ways to improve students' learning quality. Taking advantage of the characteristics of multimedia computer, such as large storage capacity, fast operation speed and good CAI interaction, targeted training and practice can guide students to immediately judge whether the thinking process, mode and result of the problem are correct, so as to correct the thinking process. It can fully tap the software and hardware resources of multimedia computers while presenting problems, enhance interest, increase the form of problem judgment and show the beauty of Chinese. In this way, students will feel relaxed and happy, study in a beautiful situation, and really entertain and educate.

For example, it is difficult for students to distinguish between uppercase and lowercase letters after they have just learned the capitalization of pinyin letters. When presenting uppercase letters, they should first think about the order in the alphabet songs, then correspond to lowercase letters, and then think about their pronunciation and writing. We can design a multimedia CAI courseware for training here. The training is divided into three steps: (1) When showing lowercase letters, students click lowercase letters to show uppercase letters, pronounce and demonstrate writing; (2) Divide the screen into two parts, with uppercase letters at the top and lowercase letters at the bottom. After the students judge, click the corresponding lowercase letters with the mouse. If they click correctly, they will send out "Great!" Encouraging voice, reward 10 points and a smiling face; If you press the wrong button, send out "Work hard!" Punish a crying face and show the correct answer. (3) Only uppercase letters or lowercase letters appear on the screen, and students are required to input the corresponding letters from the keyboard. A time control program is also designed for input, which requires students to complete the input within the specified time, otherwise a certain score will be deducted from the grade column. This step-by-step and interesting training with a certain intensity fully mobilized students' interest in learning and promoted the internalization of knowledge.

Fourth, the problems that should be paid attention to

(1) Teaching content and form.

The purpose of multimedia teaching should be to learn and use multimedia to optimize teaching objectives, rather than instilling knowledge into students with more media. In the process of choosing media, we can't think that the more advanced the media is, the better the teaching will be, and the unity of content and form is required.

(2) Audio-visual education for audio-visual education.

Multimedia teaching should proceed from the actual needs of teaching, not just because of the use of audio-visual media, or the more types and grades of audio-visual media, the better the teaching effect will be. Multimedia teaching should pay attention to the principle of value. We can't think that multimedia must be used in every class. Multimedia teaching is not exclusive. We should carry forward the essence of traditional teaching, not abandon it.

(3) The problem of lagging audio-visual skills.

Multimedia teaching media operation skills are very important, and good media operation skills are the premise for teachers to have a good power-saving teaching class. Teachers should not only master the ability of hardware operation, but also have the general skills of software design and production and the skills of comprehensively using various audio-visual media.

(D) the relationship between teachers and students is not harmonious.

Multimedia teaching is different from traditional teaching methods because it involves modern teaching media. In the teaching process, teachers can't just instill in students or students can't just learn with machines without teachers. Only by fully embodying the leading role of teachers and students' dominant position in learning can we improve the quality of education and teaching and fully embody the true significance of multimedia teaching.

In a word, it is imperative to introduce multimedia into basic education. Reasonable and sufficient design, development and utilization of multimedia resources need further exploration and research. Only by grasping the pulse of education and organically combining the characteristics of Chinese teaching can we better realize the goal of optimizing Chinese teaching in primary schools by multimedia and truly implement quality education.