With the emergence of concepts, terms and technologies related to cloud computing and a large number of reports, people are increasingly adopting and implementing cloud computing technology in their lives. Because the concept and technology of cloud computing are relatively novel, and the meaning is relatively broad, and some people in the market amplify cloud computing into an all-encompassing, omnipotent and ubiquitous general technology, the description and promotion of cloud computing are somewhat superficial and speculative. Excessive exaggeration or lack of comprehensive analysis from reality may not only mislead people, but also make the development of cloud computing unrealistic, which is very unfavorable to the growth of cloud computing industry in China. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively sort out and define the origin and concept of cloud computing. While summarizing the benefits of cloud computing technology to the IT industry, we find out the shortcomings and limitations, so as to better develop cloud computing technology.

1. The concept of cloud computing

Cloud computing is a new business computing model developed from distributed computing, parallel computing and grid computing.

Liu Peng, an expert in grid computing and cloud computing in China, thinks: "Cloud computing distributes computing tasks on a resource pool composed of a large number of computers, so that various application systems can obtain computing power, storage space and various software services on demand".

Computing in cloud computing is a simple and clear concept. "Computing" refers to computing applications, which can refer to all IT applications in our lives. With the development of network technology, all information, communication and video applications will be integrated on a unified platform. By extension, "computing" in cloud computing can refer to all ICT convergence applications. Therefore, the key feature of cloud computing terminology is not "computing", but "cloud".

2. The development model and characteristics of cloud computing

Early cloud computing came from international companies represented by Amazon, Saleforces.com and Google, all of which provided successful cloud services with distinctive features but representing different models.

Cloud computing divides the business model into three layers, the top layer is soft cloud, the middle layer is flat cloud, and the bottom layer is base cloud. The basic cloud is the basic technology to build cloud computing.

The core idea of cloud computing is to manage and schedule a large number of computing resources connected through the network in a unified way to form a computing resource pool and provide users with on-demand services. A network that provides resources is called a "cloud". The resources in the "cloud" can be infinitely expanded by users, and can be obtained at any time, used on demand, expanded at any time, and paid according to use. This feature is often referred to as using IT infrastructure such as water and electricity. Generally speaking, cloud computing can be regarded as a commercial evolution version of grid computing.

3. "Cloud computing" has promoted the establishment of scientific and technological collaborative research environment.

Cloud computing platform as a service can provide the development environment as a service to the client, creating a good platform for scientific collaborative research. By distributing computing on a large number of distributed computers instead of local computers or remote servers, the operation of enterprise data centers will be more similar to the Internet. This enables enterprises to switch resources to required applications and access computers and storage systems as needed. This is like changing from the old single generator mode to the centralized power supply mode of power plants. It means that computing power can also be circulated as a commodity like gas and water and electricity, which is convenient to obtain and low in cost. The biggest difference is spread through the Internet.

4. "Cloud Computing" Enhances Data * * * Enjoy Services

Cloud computing is the next generation data center. With the development of cloud computing, scientific data * * * can enjoy convenient development in data mining, data processing, data utilization, data management, data storage and data migration, and the service of scientific data * * * can be really improved.

5. "Cloud computing" promotes the development of network technology environment.

With the application of "cloud computing", the network science and technology environment can better realize the comprehensive cooperation of high-performance computing, real-time collaborative research, remote observation, massive data storage and transmission, scientific literature, experimental instruments and equipment, application software, scientific data, network tools and scientific research activities, support the sharing of software resources, hardware resources and data resources among scientists and technicians in different places, promote the reform of scientific research methods and promote the exchange of scientists and technicians in the cloud computing environment.

6. "Cloud computing" is a way to create a green grid environment.

With the development of network, advocating green energy saving has become a problem that must be solved in the process of network development. Many network management departments, operation departments and governments attach great importance to the problems such as no-load equipment, waste of power resources and expansion of refrigeration environment. Cloud computing realizes the integration of resources and conforms to the development needs of the network. In the future development of our industrial network, we also need to consider the creation of a green grid environment, so that our development will not take detours.