Abstract: Human education consists of three parts: family education, school education and social education. Family education is the starting point and foundation of education, which has an important influence on children's physical and mental health. This paper discusses the influence of family education on children's physical and mental health from three aspects: parents' educational attitude towards children, family structure and family atmosphere.
Education not only affects personal development and family harmony, but also concerns the fate of the country and the nation. While vigorously promoting the optimization of the national education system, we should attach importance to the importance of family education in the basic education stage. Because for a long time, in the process of cultivating children, we have emphasized more on school education and neglected family education.
The ancients said, "It is the father's fault not to teach." From such a simple sentence, we can also see that China paid attention to family education in ancient times. From "self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world" to "looking forward to the success of children and the success of women", it also tells us the importance of family education in society. At the same time, with the improvement of people's attention to family education, we find that good family education can make children's physical and mental development healthier and enable children to better receive school education. In our life, a person's growth is first influenced by family and parents. The family is the child's first school, and the parents play the role of the child's first teacher. The importance of family to the healthy growth of children's body and mind is self-evident. Let's talk about the influence of family education on children's physical and mental health from three aspects: parents' education methods, family structure and family atmosphere.
First, parents' education methods for their children
At the beginning of the 20th century, makarenko, a famous educator in the former Soviet Union, said in the Lecture on Children's Education: "Your own behavior is the most decisive thing. Don't think you are educating your child just because you talk to him, teach him, or order him. " "Every moment in your life, even if you are not at home, you are educating your children." "Parents' requirements for themselves, parents' respect for their families, and parents' behavior are the first and the most important way of education! "In family education, it is particularly important for parents to set an example in the process of educating their children. Parents should set an example from details, such as keeping promises to their children, obeying traffic rules when crossing the street, and so on. If a family is running in it, we must pay attention to live in harmony and order, leaving a civilized and polite behavior for our children. Because parents' words and deeds have an impact on their children's character, conduct and attitude towards others. Confucius said, "If it is right, it is not feasible; His body is not right, although he does not obey. " Parents are strict with themselves, set an example for their children in everything, and let their children be educated in a subtle way, which plays a positive role in the formation of their physical and mental health.
Parents should also effectively seize the opportunity of education in educating their children. With the growth of children's age, contact with people and things outside the family will naturally be affected by the people and things they contact. There are both positive and negative aspects in this. For example, when others or themselves make achievements and do good deeds; When you have a strong interest in something; When a child is misunderstood because he has done nothing wrong, or blamed for doing something bad with good intentions, and so on. When they encounter these problems, giving them timely and effective help or education can get twice the result with half the effort. Second, the structure of the family.
Since the late 1970s and early 1980s, China has implemented a strict one-child policy. At present, the family structure in China is dominated by one-child families. According to the survey, compared with their peers, the proportion of only children among urban residents has reached 90%. As there is only one child, the parents of the only child try their best to provide their children with the best education, and both intellectual education and quality education are invested heavily, which makes these children intellectually mature earlier, with a wide range of interests and hobbies and a wider range of knowledge. At the same time, the only child has always been taken care of by his parents because of his "independence", and sometimes he is even excessively "spoiled". In the process of family education, his parents were neither willing to fight nor scold, and lived a naked life. Because families have not instilled in them that they should know how to care for others and have not taught them the ability to live independently, a large number of only children are often self-centered, arrogant, or don't dress up after school. This has seriously affected the healthy development of children's body and mind.
Everyone loves his son, but we should master the problem of taking care of children and not care too much. Therefore, the parents of the only child should not only attach importance to the development of their children's intelligence, but also make use of favorable conditions to help their children develop good moral quality, cultivate their ability to live independently, and make them develop physically and mentally healthily.
Third, the family atmosphere
One of the important guarantees for children's healthy growth is family harmony and happiness. Family atmosphere has an infectious effect on people invisibly. Harmonious family atmosphere can make children feel the warmth and care of the family, which is conducive to the healthy growth and all-round development of children; It can also make children realize the value of family, help them form a good character and have an optimistic attitude towards life. Close kinship, harmonious neighborhood, democratic and equal relationship between father and son, mother and child, in such a harmonious family atmosphere, parents know how to respect and understand their children, strictly demand and actively encourage them, and can effectively carry out emotional communication between parents and children. Under the influence and guidance of a good family atmosphere, it is also conducive to cultivating children to form good behavior habits, so that children can be polite, civilized and polite in the process of interacting with others. If the family relationship is not harmonious, it will have a very bad influence on children, or make them depressed, or make them self-enclosed, or make their personality distorted, or make their attitude towards life pessimistic and negative. Many criminals mostly live in disharmonious families. It can be seen that in family education, the quality of family atmosphere directly affects children's physical and mental health and academic development.
In a family, family members respect each other, care about each other, have equal status, are warm and harmonious, and both children and parents strive to contribute to a harmonious family atmosphere. This is our ideal family. Only by working hard can we provide the necessary premise and foundation for the healthy development of children's body and mind.
Family is the cell of social existence, and its role in the stable development of society can not be ignored. With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of material living standards, family education has a growing influence on children. We should clearly understand the advantages and disadvantages, so as to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses and ensure children's physical and mental health.
References:
[1] Samurai Ying. Collected Works of makarenko Education (Volume II) [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press, 1985.
[2] Lu Jie. Sociology of education [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press, 2007.