First, collect and read widely.

1, a special material that can reflect the specific characteristics of the research object itself.

Fully familiar with the object is an indispensable prerequisite for correctly understanding the object. In addition to directly understanding the specific characteristics of the research object itself, we should also grasp all social and historical conditions or spiritual and material factors that can affect the emergence, development and change of the research object through all the works of relevant writers and all kinds of knowledge about the problem.

2. Theoretical preparation as a clear direction and ideological guidance.

The so-called scientific research is to find out essential and regular things from concrete things and phenomena through correct and rigorous analysis, generalization and abstract work. This work itself must be guided by correct theories, professional theories and philosophical thoughts that play a role in world outlook and methodology. The history of scientific practice and development also tells us to carry out a research work.

Not only do you need enough professional theories and knowledge, but you also need the ability to be familiar with the theories and knowledge of other related disciplines. Through the mutual infiltration of theories and methods of different disciplines, we can inspire each other. For example, systematically analyze the aesthetic characteristics and social functions of artistic images; Introducing fuzzy mathematics into rhetoric research can often bring new discoveries better; New breakthrough.

Views expressed by others on this issue.

Try to collect information in this regard. Problems that others have solved naturally do not need repeated efforts; Fully absorbing the existing experience of others, or understanding the focus of others' problems, and carefully comparing and studying different viewpoints can not only avoid detours, but also help to find problems. As Sun Tzu's Art of War said, know yourself and know yourself.

Second, carefully sort out the analysis

To make materials work, we should use scientific viewpoints and methods, make some efforts to analyze and sort out, get rid of the rough and the fine, get rid of the false and keep the true, and make the material system orderly, which is really helpful to analyze and solve problems.

Third, determine the theme.

Determining the theme is to make an argument. Establish central arguments and sub-arguments. Theme is the central idea of the article, the author's basic point of view to explain the problem, the scheduling and generalization of all the ideological contents of the article, and the concentrated expression of the author's writing purpose. But the theme is the center that runs through the whole article and dominates everything. It is the commander and soul of the article.

Fourth, the conceptual structure

Structure is the main line of the article. Material selection only solves the substantive problems in the text, establishes the theme, and only realizes the rationality of the text. How to organize ideas and materials organically and make them orderly is a problem to be solved in the structure of the article.

Structure is the internal structure of the article and the expression of the author's ideas on how to use materials to express the theme through logical thinking. The structure is formally expressed as the framework of articles such as levels and paragraphs; The internal connection of the content is manifested in the logical structure of the article, that is, the ideological system, constituent elements and the relationship between the various parts of the article.