Test analysis: Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the prime minister system in the Ming Dynasty, and there could be no prime minister in the Qing Dynasty; The political system of Shang dynasty had patriarchal clan system, Zhou dynasty had enfeoffment system, Sui and Tang dynasties had three provinces and six departments, so D was chosen.

Comments: the ancient political system is generally divided into two stages: the early Xia, Shang and Zhou systems and the Qin and Qing systems; Three characteristics of the early system are often tested: the highest power has not been highly centralized; The combination of kingship and theocracy; Form a national political institution with blood relationship as the link.