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What are coding genes and non-coding genes?

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20 19-03- 13 00:28:49

Gene is a specific DNA sequence carrying genetic information, and it is the structural and functional unit of genetic material in cells. It exists on chromosomes in the chemical form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Coding genes refer to genes that can encode protein, which can be divided into structural coding genes and regulatory coding genes. Their products are structural proteins that constitute organisms and regulatory proteins that play a regulatory role in the process of growth and development.

Non-coding gene means that it does not have the ability to encode protein, that is, it only transcribes RNA sequences and has no translation ability.

At present, there are about 6,000 such genes in the human genome, but with the deepening of people's understanding, this number is still increasing. These genes include tRNA gene, rRNA gene, microRNA gene and long non-coding RNA gene. Although they can't produce protein, they play an important role in regulating gene expression.