Many people use traditional Chinese medicine in their daily life. Chinese medicine can not only cure diseases, but also protect health. Its advantages are naturalness, peace of mind and little side effects. In fact, Chinese medicine can not only help us recover, but also have certain effects and benefits for sick fish. The following points must not be ignored when treating fish diseases with traditional Chinese medicine.

First, pay attention to the correct diagnosis of the cause

The use of Chinese herbal medicine to prevent and treat fish diseases should adhere to the principle of "scientific prescription, remedy to the case and standardized application" 12, in which the remedy to the case is very important, and only by finding out the cause can the disease be cured. The causes of fish diseases are nothing more than water environment factors, feeding management factors or pathogenic biological factors. The first two can be solved by artificial regulation. For the biological factors that cause diseases, we should also distinguish whether they are viruses, bacteria, fungi or parasites, find out the causes and symptoms, and then choose appropriate Chinese herbal medicines for symptomatic treatment.

Second, pay attention to understanding the drug performance.

There are many kinds of Chinese herbal medicines for preventing and treating fish diseases, and different Chinese herbal medicines have different properties, effective components and drug effects. According to the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine, it can be divided into three categories: antibacterial, insecticidal and adjuvant medicine. In the prevention and treatment of fish diseases, corresponding functions should be selected according to different types of fish diseases. For example, Chinese herbal medicines for preventing and treating viral fish diseases include rhubarb, phellodendron bark, scutellaria root, garlic and so on. Drugs for preventing and treating bacterial fish diseases include butter, gallnut, cattail, willow branch, rhubarb, phellodendron bark, scutellaria root and so on. Galla Chinensis, Typha Typha and Folium Artemisiae Argyi are used to prevent and treat fungal fish diseases. There are leaves of Pinus massoniana, Azadirachta indica, Camphor, cypress leaf, Eucalyptus, dried pepper and ginger to prevent and control parasitic fish diseases. In addition, compared with chemical drugs, Chinese herbal medicine fish medicine is often composed of a variety of components and types, and its efficacy is manifested in the comprehensive effect of the integration of various components. Chinese herbal medicine itself contains certain nutrients, such as crude protein, crude fat, vitamins and so on. Some Chinese herbal medicines also have the functions of inducing food, promoting digestion and invigorating the stomach, which can improve the nutrition of feed and increase the feed conversion rate. At the same time, its curative effect is slow and its action time is long.

Third, pay attention to distinguish between drug addicts.

For different fish or different fish culture cycles, the use of Chinese herbal medicine to prevent and treat fish diseases is sometimes different. For example, when soft-shelled turtles prevent diseases, fresh and tender medicinal materials with little smell and good taste should be preferred at seedling stage, which has no side effects and proper taste, and can not only prevent diseases but also promote growth. Commonly used are purslane, dandelion, Alternanthera philoxeroides and amaranth. For fingerling or adult fish, the treated Chinese herbal medicine powder can be mixed with bait for feeding.

Fourth, pay attention to processing methods.

Chemical fish medicine can be directly used for aquaculture water because of its single composition, while Chinese herbal fish medicine is composed of many drugs. If it is directly put into water or fed to fish, the effect may be poor or even ineffective. Therefore, the original medicine must be crushed or chopped before use, or the fresh medicine must be pulped or juiced. The use of dry traditional Chinese medicine needs to be brewed, and the specific methods are soaking in boiling water and decocting. The boiling water soaking method is to put the medicine into boiling water, soak it for 10 hour to 15 hour, make its components fully soluble in water, boil it with strong fire, and then decoct it with warm fire for 10 minute to 20 minutes to form a liquid medicine. The decoction method is to boil the medicine and apply it directly. Generally, soaking method is commonly used.

Fancy fish

Fifth, pay attention to the usage.

There are four main ways to use Chinese herbal medicines: 1. Feeding method: fresh Chinese herbal medicines are cleaned and chopped (mashed) and mixed with concentrated feed for feeding; Chopping and decocting the dry medicine, and mixing the medicine juice with the residue to feed. 2. Mash fresh Chinese herbal medicines by splashing water, soak them in water, and splash the pool water with dregs and juice; Dry medicine needs to be boiled out after being cut (pounded). This method uses a lot of money. 3. Saccharification method is to mix Chinese herbal medicines with bean cake, corn flour, rice straw powder or bran, and feed them after fermentation and saccharification, which can improve the palatability of Chinese herbal medicines. 4. The soaking method is to bundle Chinese herbal medicines and sink them into the water inlet or near the food field for soaking, so that the soaked medicinal juice can be spread all over the pool, thus achieving the purpose of disease prevention.

Sixth, pay attention to the quantity of drugs.

Calculate the volume of aquaculture water or the weight of fish before taking the medicine, and then calculate the dosage according to the performance and usage of the medicine. Due to different seasons, producing areas and brewing methods, the content of effective components in Chinese herbal medicines is different, and they are crude products, so it is difficult to grasp their dosage, so empirical data is very important. When taken orally, 1% ~ 1.5% dry feed can be used for general disease prevention; 2% ~ 3% of dry feed is used for treatment. For external use in the whole pool, it is generally appropriate to use water 10 g ~ 30 g per cubic meter.

Seven, pay attention to ensure the medication time.

The number of medication days should be flexibly controlled according to the needs, generally 2 ~ 3 days, but the principle that fish diseases can be completely cured should be adopted. Be careful not to feed a single Chinese herbal medicine for a long time, so as not to make the fish resistant. If the fish disease does not improve after 2 ~ 3 courses of treatment, other Chinese herbal medicines should be replaced for treatment.

Eight, pay attention to prescription taboos

In the formulation of Chinese herbal medicine, it is necessary to understand the medicinal properties, components and interaction principles of various single Chinese herbal medicines, to understand the taboos between drugs, and to understand the tolerance of fish when drugs are mixed and used alternately. For example, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Coptis chinensis should not be used together; Oxytetracycline should not be combined with gallnut when taken orally. Some drugs have strong toxicity or strong smell to some fish, which affects the growth and survival of fish and should not be used.

If you don't know much about traditional Chinese medicine, don't dispense it easily, because the dosage of traditional Chinese medicine is difficult to grasp, and it is easy to cause too much or too little when a variety of medicinal materials are mixed together, so we must pay attention to using it to treat fish diseases.