1, Li Si's "Persuade the Guest"

As early as more than 2,000 years ago, Reese realized the importance of introducing foreign talents (of course, Reese himself is also a guest of Qin State, or he will pack up and leave).

Later history proved the correctness of his thought: during the Tang and Song Dynasties, all countries came to Korea, but China refused, so it flourished; In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China was humiliated because of its closed door. The west, especially the United States, is open and inclusive, absorbing the global immigrant elite, so the United States is the world's boss; At present, isolationism, xenophobia and protectionism prevail in the West, which is a sign of the decline of the West.

The original text of the book of remonstration and expulsion:

When I heard officials talking about expelling guests, I thought it was too much. In the past, I longed for a scholar, glory in the west and ten thousand in the east, to welcome Uncle Song Jian, Pippo and Gongsun Jin. These five sons were not born in the Qin Dynasty, but were jointly owned by Mu and merged with the country for 20 years, thus dominating Xirong. Filial piety, using the method of Shang Yang, changes customs, makes the people rich, makes the country rich and strong, enjoys the people, and the princes serve them personally. They are the teachers of Chu and Wei, who have raised thousands of miles to govern the country so far.

King Hui used Zhang Yi's stratagem to uproot the land of Sanchuan, merge Ba and Shu in the west, take the county in the north, Hanzhong in the south, build nine cities, control Yan and Ying, occupy the danger in the east, cut fertile soil, and then disperse the people of six countries, making it a matter of the Western Qin Dynasty, which has made great achievements so far.

Wang Zhao became a fan, abolished Hou, chased Huayang, strengthened public office, encroached on vassals, and made Qin an emperor. These four monarchs all take the guests' contributions. From this point of view, why did the visiting team lose to Qin Zi! Make the four kings a guest, not a guest, and a scholar without using it, then the country is not rich and beneficial, and the Qin dynasty is nameless and strong.

Today, your majesty presents the jade of Kunshan as a treasure of freedom, hangs the pearl of the bright moon, takes the sword of Tai 'a, rides a horse that leaves the fiber, builds a flag of emerald phoenix and a drum of tree spirits. This number of rare treasures, Qin is not born, tell your majesty, how can you see it?

Qin was born, and then it can be, but it is luminous jade without court decoration; The rhinoceros device is not used for playing well; If the daughters of Zheng and Wei don't fill the harem, their beards must be false stables. Suk Kim in the south of the Yangtze River doesn't need it, nor do painters in the west of Sichuan.

Therefore, those who decorate the harem with Chen Chongzhi, entertain their hearts and talk about their eyes and ears, must come from Qin, and then they can, but for the hairpin of ten thousand columns, the clothes of Fu Ji, the clothes of Ah Yi, the splendid ornaments do not advance in the front, but follow the customs and be elegant, and Miss Zhao does not stand on the edge.

The husband plays the urn and the Zheng, but it is really Qin Zhisheng who sings fast; People who write about Zheng, Wei, Sang Jian, Shao, Yu, Wu and Xiang are all happy in a foreign country. Today, I won't knock on the urn, I'll take Zheng and Wei, I'll take Zhao and Yu, and I won't play Zheng. What if it is? I'm satisfied with the present, but I'm just comfortable with it.

It's not like this to bring people today. Don't ask if it is possible, regardless of right and wrong, those who are not Qin will go, and those who are guests will go one by one. However, the most important people care about color, joy, pearls and jade, while the lightest people care about the people. This is not the art of crossing the sea to control princes. It is said that the land is vast and there are many people, and there are many people in big countries. A strong soldier is brave. It's the mountain ether that won't let the soil, so it can become bigger. Rivers and seas do not choose trickle, so they can be deep; The king is not only popular, so he can understand his virtue.

There is no good place in the old land, no foreign country for the people, beautiful seasons and blessings for ghosts and gods. The reason why these five emperors and three kings are invincible is also. Today, we abandon the leader of Guizhou to the enemy, and the guest is a vassal, which makes the people of the world retreat and dare not go west, and cannot be bound to Qin. This so-called "Koubing stealing food" is also true.

Husband does not produce Qin, but there are many treasures; Scholars were not born in the Qin Dynasty, but were willing to be loyal to many people. Today, it is harmful to the people and benefit the people by driving away customers to defect to the enemy, and it is self-sufficient at home and resentful of princes outside, and it is not allowed to seek the country without danger.

2. Liu Zongyuan's "feudalism"

This paper makes a detailed analysis of the political gains and losses of China before the Tang Dynasty, and holds that the feudal system is harmful to others and oneself, and expounds the superiority of the county system.

When Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Liuzhou (now Liuzhou, Guangxi), he wrote feudalism based on history, which was rigorous in structure and sharp and fluent in writing. "On Feudalism" said: "Those feudalists are mostly ancient saints such as, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen and Wu, but they can't go there. Cover is not that you don't want to go, and it is impossible. " Feudalism is not a saint's idea. "

Su Shi commented on the article "On Feudalism" and said: "The theory of Zongyuan comes out, and the theories of various philosophers are abolished. Although the saints have risen again, it is not easy. "

The Qing people criticized feudalism the most intensely. Li Fusun said: "Liu Zi's theory is biased, only knowing the harm of past lives, but not knowing the great benefits of past lives. I don't know the benefits of past lives, and I don't know that the harm to future generations is deeper. " Lu Shiyi: "Ancient times were rulers, ruling the mind, body, family, country and the world."

"Since the beginning of the Qin Dynasty, when officials were teachers and bureaucrats, Han Fu followed Xiao He, so the word bureaucracy has become accustomed to it, without breaking its bureau, since the feudal counties. No feudalism, no bureaucracy. If you don't go to the bureaucracy, you can't do it for three generations. "