1 Today, children have just started to contact pinyin spelling, and spelling is a difficult problem for children. Mom and dad don't worry, there is no shortcut to solve this problem. Only by reading more and practicing more, and having a good sense of language, they will naturally read. In addition to the simple combination of initials and monosyllables (the definition of "familiarity" can be reflected by children at a glance), because teachers face more children, one-on-one teaching is not realistic, so at this stage, parents should take pains to help their children read pinyin every day, and the pronunciation of individual children exists. The following is an article I found about the cultivation of spelling ability, which is very helpful to myself and I hope it will be useful to all parents! Chinese Pinyin is an effective tool for literacy and learning Mandarin. Paying attention to and studying the teaching of Pinyin is of great significance to effectively play the multi-functional role of Chinese Pinyin and consolidate the foundation of students' Chinese learning. The outline points out in the General Requirements of Chinese Pinyin Teaching: "If you learn the initials, finals and whole syllables of Chinese Pinyin, you can spell syllables accurately? 6? 7? 6? How to achieve "accurate spelling of syllables", cultivate students' spelling ability, embody the teaching idea of "teaching as the leading factor, learning as the main body, practice as the main line and development as the goal", and stimulate students' independent thinking and innovative consciousness? In teaching practice, we have conducted in-depth research and exploration in the following aspects and achieved remarkable results. First, Pinyin Festival must be closely combined with language training. Psychological research shows that children's perception of a compound stimulus is always from the whole to the part. Syllables are the most natural language units. For children who have just entered school, the whole syllable is tangible and the vowels are abstract. Because pinyin letters are abstract, it is particularly important to study children's psychology and stimulate children's interest in learning in Chinese pinyin teaching. One of the most important aspects is to strengthen the connection between syllable teaching and language training. Syllables are closely combined with language. To strengthen syllable teaching, we must combine pinyin teaching with children's language, life and thinking. When teaching, we can make full use of various teaching media (wall charts, projections, multimedia courseware, etc. Linking abstract syllables with intuitive and concrete things can not only stimulate students' interest in learning, enhance their memory, but also help to cultivate students' observation ability, thinking ability and language expression ability. We can also put boring syllables in a vivid language environment for teaching, or take the learned syllables as the core for oral training, or extract the learned syllables from specific words to turn abstract syllables into meaningful language units, which is beneficial to memory and stimulate interest in learning. For example, when learning the syllable "bá" today, the projection shows a picture of a little boy pulling radish, guiding students to describe the picture content (the little boy is pulling radish), from which the syllable "bá" is deduced and decomposed into the initial "b" and the single vowel "á" to form the syllable "bá". Then guide the students to say "bā" of "eight balls", "bǐ" of "one knife" and "bà" of "dad". The combination of syllable teaching and language learning enhances the learning effect. 2. Mastering Pinyin Method and Cultivating Spelling Ability The famous Soviet educator Suhomlinski said: "If learning is illuminated by thoughts and feelings and creates beauty and brilliance, it will become a kind of fun and ecstasy for children." Therefore, in the teaching of spelling syllables, children's favorite methods must be adopted to cultivate students' interest in learning and let them acquire knowledge in a happy atmosphere. It is not enough for primary school students to learn all the contents of Chinese Pinyin in a short time. Teachers must attach importance to the guidance of learning methods, teach students learning methods and give full play to students' subjective initiative in teaching. The main function of Chinese Pinyin is to know Chinese characters and learn Mandarin. How to make students master Chinese Pinyin involves the teaching method of Pinyin. (1) Mastering the use of several spelling methods and mastering spelling methods and spelling correctly and skillfully is one of the purposes of pinyin teaching. Therefore, the teaching of pinyin method is an important content. The combination of phonemes and the formation of syllables have certain rules. In syllable teaching, we should pay attention to teaching students to master phonological rules and pinyin methods, so as to master learning methods. Syllables have both integrity and separability. The whole syllable consists of initials and finals. Therefore, we should not only start with the whole syllable, but also analyze and teach some parts to avoid students eating it alive and memorizing it. According to the age characteristics of students, the teaching method of syllable decomposition can be adopted in pinyin teaching, and the teaching can be organized by making full use of language, illustrations, stories and performances, so that students can learn happily and the teaching effect can be improved. 1. The two spellings refer to the spelling of initials and finals. The key points of pronunciation are: the first sound is light and short, then the second sound is heavy, and the two sounds are connected together, with a bang. That is to say, the pronunciation of initials should be light and short, and then the vowel with tone should be read, and the stress of the whole syllable is on the vowel. This pinyin method is relatively easy to master. Generally, you can spell by mastering the correct pronunciation of initials, finals and four tones. You can also use the "single-mouth direct call method". The nursery rhyme of the direct call method is: "Set the initial consonant, pronounce the vowel, call it one tone at a time, and never separate it." Deepen understanding and memory. 2. Three spellings. Triple spelling is suitable for syllables with initials I, U and U, that is, a spelling method with complete initials and finals. Its pronunciation essentials are "light tone, quick quotation, big vowel and three-tone continuity", that is, reading the initial (light), linking the initial (fast), and then forming syllables with the vowel (big). When pronouncing, the airflow is uninterrupted, the pronunciation is fast and continuous, and the stress of the whole syllable is on the vowel. For example, the Pinyin Festival "guā". The syllable guā consists of the initial "g", the intermediate "u" and the final "ā". When spelling, use g-uā→guā to quickly connect the initials and finals, with the stress on ι. Three pinyin exercises should remind students to master pinyin methods and don't miss the introduction. When teaching "reading syllables by looking at pictures", students should not only be guided to look at pictures and observe them carefully, but also be guided to see the vowels with tones and spell syllables correctly. 3 3. Phonetic mother-in-law spelling. This pinyin method is also applicable to all syllables starting with I, U and U. The other spelling has a complete introduction and rhyme. It means that the initial and the middle vowel are regarded as a whole, and then the whole is spelled out with the later vowel. For example, when spelling the syllable "zhu", the initial consonant "zhu" and the intermediate sound "U" are regarded as a whole, and then the phonetic intermediate sound "Zhu" and the vowel sound "Zhu" are spelled together, which means that the advantage of Zhu-→ Zhu acoustic interface is that it is not easy to lose the interface. Pinyin is a skill, so it is not enough to just teach methods. Only through a lot of training can students master it skillfully. Writing syllables can make students further perceive the combination process of vowels and tones and achieve the purpose of strengthening syllables; The practice of breaking down syllables can help students spell syllables correctly and speed up pinyin. Flexible and varied exercises are necessary to improve spelling ability. In view of the poor self-control of children who have just entered school, if the teacher only carries out repetitive and monotonous training, the child's attention is often in a state of distraction. In the practice of pinyin, we use a variety of practice methods to attract students' attention by changing the practice form frequently, and the effect is very good. Such as: look at the picture pinyin. Teachers can guide students to read pictures in books or exercise books, collect pictures and show them to students for spelling, or organize pinyin games to spell interesting sentences. (2) Contrast refers to two methods: sound change and rhyme. Phonetic change refers to the change of initials to form new syllables under the condition that the original prosody remains unchanged. For example, students learn the syllable "ba", replace the initial "b" with the initial "p" to form the syllable "pa", and so on to derive new syllables, ma, na? 6? 7? 6? Rhyme-changing method refers to changing vowels into new syllables, such as the syllable "Gu", removing vowels "U" and replacing them with "E" and "A" to form new syllables, such as ge and ga? 6? 7? 6? As long as students master the spelling essentials of basic syllables and organize some interesting learning activities with the help of teachers, such as competitions and being a primary school teacher. They will be easy to master and have high enthusiasm. (3) Ability to use spelling rules In order to enable students to spell syllables correctly and skillfully, vivid forms such as nursery rhymes can be used to help them remember some difficult and confusing spelling rules. 1. Save the rule. Jqx is so funny that he has never been with U. Jqx is so naughty that he gouges out the fish's eyes when he sees them. Little u sees big y, takes off his hat and says u.2. Four tone reading rules. The initial pitch is gentle all the way, from middle to high, first falling and then rising in a zigzag shape, and suddenly rising to the grassroots; One level, two lifts, three turns and four drops. 3. Calibration rules. In order for students to copy syllables correctly, they also need to know the rules of tone marking. Syllables should be marked and the rules should be clearly remembered: if there is an A, don't let it go. If there is no A, find O, E, I and U and put them together. Needless to say, a single vowel will be crossed out if it is marked on I, and it will be empty if it is not softly marked. (4) Learn nursery rhymes, stabilize interest and improve spelling ability. "Interest is the best teacher." In order to make students apply what they have learned and make full use of the advantages of the textbook, children's songs and exquisite illustrations are arranged in each lesson of the textbook. The letters marked in red in nursery rhymes are the initials or finals newly learned in this lesson. ) link spelling training with learning children's songs and understanding things, and visualize abstract syllables into understandable things. The first few lessons of children's songs in the textbook are read by the teacher, and the next few lessons encourage students to try to read aloud in pinyin. Students improve the accuracy of spelling through practice and careful practice, which has a certain speed. This not only enhances students' interest, develops students' language, but also strengthens the connection between Chinese Pinyin and literacy and reading, which makes students feel that learning is useful and stabilizes their interest in learning. Third, use the table design exercises that children like to improve their spelling ability. Due to the restriction of psychological development level and knowledge and experience, the main learning motivation of lower grade children is directly related to children's learning activities themselves. Therefore, it is more difficult for them to insist on learning, which requires their learning to be rich and colorful. First-year students are very interested in the learning form of games. You can put a card with syllables on it in the classroom and let the students try to spell it. Write interesting things and articles with syllables for students to compete and spell; Let students spell syllables freely with their own cards and classmates' cards; Go home and paste syllable cards on related items for reading; You can also let children be students and teach them to learn pinyin and spell interesting sentences by themselves. In order to apply what they have learned, the teacher encourages students to use what they have learned in real life, and guides them to spell school supplies, daily necessities, furniture, household appliances, poultry and so on. Encourage students to read more tenders and enrich their extracurricular knowledge. Write some students' names on the blackboard in pinyin, and let the students find out their own or classmates' names. In this way, students' spelling ability has expanded to almost the names of the whole class, and their spelling ability has been improved. For example, in order to consolidate the rules of dividing points in the spelling of J, Q, X and U, headdresses of J, Q, X and U can be made in the form of games (two points can be moved at will), and four children are required to perform according to the rules of dividing points and adding points. Students strengthen their impressions in a relaxed and lively atmosphere and improve the accuracy of spelling syllables. You can also take a spelling contest, change the written test of Chinese Pinyin into an oral test, and "find a friend to seek the initial consonant" to improve the correctness and proficiency of spelling, enhance students' interest and train their spelling ability.