There is a comprehensive explanation on the writing guidance of medical papers in class.
People often say that "the eyes are the windows to the soul". The title of the paper is also the eye of the paper, which reflects the overall content of the paper. A good paper title can arouse readers' interest in reading and play a good publicity role. However, we find that there are some problems in the selection of topics in the papers written by teachers.
First, the topic of the paper is too big.
Some people think that papers on big topics are easier to write, and there are many references and examples to choose from. However, we should know that when the topic is big, the focus is often not prominent in the process of discussion, and the materials obtained in practice will be stretched; A big topic often has a lot to say. If you care about this, you can't care about that. The result is that you can't say anything deep and understand nothing. In particular, the length of the papers we participate in the selection of excellent papers is generally required to be around 3000 words, so it is difficult to profoundly elaborate a big topic.
1, the range is too large.
For example, the topic of "Reflections on Quality Education and Teachers' Morality Construction" is very big, and every word of quality education and teachers' morality construction has great connotation and extension, including many contents. This topic should not only explain their respective contents, but also explain their relationship. Aside from the topic, the content of this teacher's thesis is actually the influence of teachers' indifference to professional ethics on the implementation of quality education. Then, if the title is written as "Teachers' indifference to professional ethics directly affects the implementation of quality education", readers can understand the author's point of view when they see the title of the article.
2. It contains too much content
Some teachers' thesis topics include several aspects, and the topics are not concentrated. For example, we can decompose the topic "Understanding of the causes of learning difficulties of students with learning difficulties in primary schools and the analysis and countermeasures of teachers' source factors", which includes three aspects: ① Understanding of the causes of learning difficulties of students with learning difficulties; (2) Analysis of teachers' source factors of students with learning difficulties; ③ Countermeasures to reduce the formation of students with learning difficulties. These three aspects are all concerned by teachers, and none of them can be explained clearly. Therefore, the topic of this paper is divided into three parts, namely, ① investigation on the causes of learning difficulties of high school mathematics students in rural primary schools (or some primary schools); (2) Analysis of the forming factors of teachers' sources for senior students with mathematics learning difficulties in primary schools; ③ Countermeasures to reduce the formation of students with learning difficulties in mathematics in primary schools. When a teacher writes such a topic, the content will be more concentrated and the discussion will be more specific.
Second, improper expression.
Some teachers don't pay attention to the topic of their thesis, which leads to the phenomenon of too many words and too few words, logical confusion, incomplete topics and improper collocation. Some teachers are vague in writing in pursuit of novelty and vividness, so they can't express the main problems or contents of the article well.
1, the composition is incomplete
The title is incomplete, and some of them will make the causal relationship of the title unclear, so readers don't know what the article says after reading the title. For example, "building a harmonious relationship between teachers and students", determine what this article discusses. The topic of discussion should be "Talking about the method of establishing harmonious teacher-student relationship" or "How to establish harmonious teacher-student relationship". If you talk about meaning, it should be entitled "Building a harmonious relationship between teachers and students can improve teaching efficiency (effectiveness of education)". In this way, the supplementary topic can see what the author wants to write from the style.
3. Improper collocation
Such as "cultivating students' innovative ability in composition teaching", "cultivating everyone's habits" with phrases such as "innovative consciousness", "innovative thinking" and "innovative ability". The author mainly introduces how to cultivate students' innovative thinking and train students' language innovation under the guidance of topic composition, so the topic can be changed to how to make students' topic composition innovative. Another example is "Discussion on Cultivating Children's Cooperative Consciousness and Ability". Obviously, cooperative consciousness and cooperative ability are two parallel phrases, which should be written completely. "Discussion" is a process, and the improper collocation of "cultivation" and "discussion" also makes the causal relationship of sentences problematic. This topic can be changed to "How to cultivate children's cooperative consciousness and ability" or "Discussion on the methods of cultivating children's cooperative consciousness and ability".
4. Talk more and talk less
The author of this paper mainly studies how physical education class uses the wall chart in junior high school physical education teaching, but adds the word "method" to change the meaning of the topic. Another example is On Innovative Education in Senior High School Ideological and Political Education. Ideological and political education should be divided into good and bad, which has nothing to do with innovative education, but is caused by the lack of "class" or "teaching" Thinking and Practice on Science Comprehensive Examination and Chemistry Teaching Reform in Senior High School; There is an extra word "in", which makes the sentence problematic.
Third, improper use of punctuation marks.
Punctuation marks are also used in some paper topics. The punctuation marks used in the title are: comma, quotation mark and dash. Put the title in quotation marks in the character's language, such as "I study, I am happy". Dashes are used in the middle of the main subtitle, and we often see larger paper topics. The author will add a subtitle to further define the main title. This is the use of punctuation in the middle of "Give children a sky of their own-carry out innovative education and cultivate new talents", but it is not used correctly. Because, the limited topic behind is too big. When there is a comment relationship between the preceding and following words, dashes are also used in the middle. For example, games, the magic weapon of children's health should be changed to games, the magic weapon of children's health.
Fourth, the topic is unclear or incorrect.
For example, "stimulating interest and adapting to modern teaching" is not correct. Teaching should aim at the development of students. Now we advocate taking students as the main body and looking for teaching methods suitable for students, instead of cultivating students to adapt to our teaching. Another example is "Talking about Class Management", which is a general topic and cannot clearly point out the viewpoints and contents of the paper.
The above talked about some common problems in the title of the paper. We also found inappropriate personal pronouns in some articles. For example, "I have" three demands "in Chinese class. When writing a paper, I should avoid using the first person and explain my views in the tone of a third-party statement. Therefore, the title of this article should be "Three Requirements of Chinese Class". There are also some teachers who take the topic of work summary or the topic of experience exchange materials as the topic of their papers, such as "For a colorful love-talk about how to do a good job as a class teacher", "Dedication, love and innovation" and so on.
Topic is an important part of the paper, which is very eye-catching and directly affects the quality of the paper, so we should pay attention to the formulation of the topic. How to draft the title of the paper? Because of the different genres, contents and forms of articles, the methods of selecting topics are also different. The common method is that the topic directly points out the main content of the topic or article; Some topics reveal the theme with symbols and metaphors; Some titles do not directly point out the theme, but put forward the scope of the theme. However, the title of any paper should be the most vivid and concise summary of the full text and should leave a deep impression on readers. Therefore, the following points should be considered when formulating the topic:
First, the topic should be accurate.
First of all, we must ensure that the topic is consistent with the content, that is, the topic should accurately reflect the content of the paper. Some topics may clearly state their own views, such as "Query-the key to inquiry learning", "Reflective teaching-the key to teachers' professional growth" and "New curriculum reform needs teachers with multiple roles". Everyone can understand the author's point of view at a glance. Some topics point out the problems and contents they want to study, such as "problems existing in group learning and improvement measures"; Other topics attract readers with visual expressions, such as singing "heart" drama on the stage of curriculum reform; There are also questions, such as how to establish an equal and harmonious relationship between teachers and students. No matter which proposition is adopted, the topic must accurately summarize the theme of the article or the main content of the research.
Second, the topic should be concise.
Conciseness means conciseness, cleanness and high generalization. The concise topic makes people know immediately what the author wants to elaborate. If the topic is too long or too difficult, readers will get bored and weaken their interest in reading. For example, the teaching idea of "teacher-oriented and student-centered" under the "task-driven" mode has been realized for too long. Titles should generally not exceed 20 words. If you feel that the number of words is too small to explain clearly, use subtitles to limit the explanation. Even if the topic is not long, dispensable words must be dropped, such as "how to stimulate students' interest in learning in ideological and political lessons", and the word "should" here should be deleted.
Third, the topic should be novel.
Novelty should include two meanings: first, with the development of education, pay attention to grasping the problems that others have not discovered; Summarize the experience that others have not summarized. As far as possible, there is nothing for me, and people are strangers to me. The second is to put forward new questions, or choose a new angle, or have new ideas, in addition to the original problems discussed by everyone. For example, some teachers often write about the cultivation of interest from another angle, that is, "focusing on classroom teaching to curb students' English anxiety", so that readers will have the desire to read articles when they see this topic.
Fourth, the topic should be specific.
Generally speaking, the topic of the paper should not be too big. For primary and secondary school teachers, it is not easy to focus on big topics, which makes the content of the paper appear superficial and vague, without a certain depth and breadth. Especially, teachers who have just started writing papers should choose some small topics according to their own teaching practice, so that the arguments of the papers are clearer, the content is more concentrated and the discussion is more profound. Such as "Out of the Misunderstanding of Cooperation and Communication" and "The Magic Weapon of Class Teacher's Work-Communication".