It promoted the status and power of the Congress, improved the political and social status of the people, directly impacted the autocratic regime for more than 2,000 years, and unconsciously moved towards political constitutionalism, which is of progressive significance in the process of constitutional government and legal modernization in China.

Reason: Under the background of China's internal troubles and foreign invasion, people of insight have learned from the West in order to save the country and enrich the people. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, two constitutional thoughts on institutional changes were formed, namely, the constitutional monarchy represented by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao and the democratic thought represented by Sun Yat-sen. The evolution from constitutional monarchy to democratic thought at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China reflected the inevitability of historical development. At the same time, due to the special social nature, complex economic structure and class relationship of China society in the late Qing Dynasty, the formation and evolution of constitutional thought in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China has its own distinct characteristics.

Lessons learned

1. Lack of compromise spirit is an important cultural condition of China's constitution.

2. The failure of constitutionalism lies in the lack of sufficient social support.

3. Rulers lack the initiative of reform in the face of social crisis, thus losing the opportunity to implement the Constitution again and again.

4. China lacks the enlightenment and dissemination of real democratic constitutional thought.