Emile is the work of Rousseau, a famous enlightenment thinker in French enlightenment thoughts. In view of the feudal autocracy in France at that time and its various social conditions in France, Rousseau mercilessly attacked and exposed it without fear. The following are excerpts from my reading notes. Welcome to read this article!

foreword

Philosophically, Rousseau advocates "deism", and human nature is good; In the view of society, he emphasized the theory of social contract; In education, he believes that education is to cultivate natural persons and let children develop freely.

Rousseau also advocated educating children about labor, freedom, equality and love, so that children can control themselves and get happiness by their own strength.

The first volume infancy (0~2 years old)

1. Why is it important to educate children?

Everything is perfect when the creator first created it, and once it is processed by human beings, it will become worn out.

You should build a wall to protect children's hearts as soon as possible. Perhaps, others can draw the scope of this fence, but this fence must be built by yourself.

Only by cultivation can young trees germinate; Only through education can children grow up.

We are inherently fragile, so we need others to give us strength; We are born helpless, so we need help from others; We are born stupid, so we need others to teach us how to distinguish right from wrong. Only a good education can make up for our natural defects.

There are three ways of education: education from nature, education from people and education from things. Natural education refers to the self-development of our talents and organs, humanistic education refers to the intervention of others in this development, and material education refers to the experience we gain from things that affect us.

It can be said that everyone's growth depends on these three teachers. If one of these three kinds of education is missing or in conflict, then the student's education is a failure, and his growth is not even satisfactory to him.

If these three kinds of education can coexist harmoniously, then the education of this student is successful, and he will realize his wishes and live a more meaningful life.

A person who stays in the same environment for a long time will form a habit. Although he is not born, this habit will get stronger and stronger. ..... To put it bluntly, education is a habit, and only a habit that conforms to nature can be called "nature".

A good social system can make a person change his nature, change his existence from absolute to relative, and change him from an independent individual to a part of the same body.

If a person is in society, but puts personal feelings first, in this contradiction, he can't know his real needs.

A person hesitates between his own desires and his responsibility to society, which will make him neither a real person nor a qualified citizen; He is neither desirable nor capable of contributing to others.

If you want to make a difference, you must standardize your words and deeds and make them consistent. Choose what you should do and actively carry it out.

It is quite difficult to cultivate a natural person. What exactly should I do? In fact, what we have to do is to do less. If we are sailing against the current, it is enough for us to grasp the direction and take fewer detours; If the wind blows suddenly, but we want to stay where we are, the only way is to break down.

I don't care if my student will become a soldier, priest or lawyer in the future, because before he becomes a parent, he is naturally taught how to know his own life. The only skill I want to teach them is how to live.

The students I teach will not be civil servants, warriors, monks, but people first. He will be what he should be. No matter what happens, no matter who the other person is, he can always stick to his duty as a person. His position is unshakable and he will always be in his original position.

Good sentences:

1, at the age of ten, I was seduced by cookies, at the age of twenty, by lovers, at the age of thirty, by happiness, at the age of forty, by ambition, and at the age of fifty, by greed. People, when, when will they only pursue wisdom?

In the ever-changing life, we should especially avoid the cautious practice of sacrificing the present for the future, which is often to sacrifice what we can get now for what we can't get in the future.

3. Because doing something meaningful is the enjoyment of life.

Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet.

We are jealous because of social desire, not because of primitive instinct.

6. It is better for a child to know nothing than to let him sacrifice other useful things in order to learn this knowledge.

7. A person's heart is only controlled by himself. You want to bind it, but the result is to release it. If you set it free, you will bind it tightly.

8. God created me, but I broke the pattern.

9. The question is not what kind of knowledge he has learned, but that what he has learned should be useful.

10, you should remember that before you dare to undertake the task of cultivating a person, you must cultivate a person yourself, and you must be an example worthy of emulation.

1 1. Everything that comes from the creator's hand is good, but it goes bad when it comes to people's hands.

12. On the road, we don't chase the distance like an inn, but watch all the way like fellow villagers. We will not only think of a starting point and an end point, but also think of the distance between them. For us, traveling is a pleasure in itself.

13, you gave up everything and sacrificed everything. As a result, you got nothing. Because you pursue your desire wholeheartedly, you can never satisfy your desire.

14. Heavy rain can delay our arrival, but it can't stop us from moving forward.

15. If your purpose is only to go somewhere, you can of course take the postal bus, but if you are traveling, you have to walk.

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