Researchers from China Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Huada Institute of Life Sciences and other institutions created human pluripotent stem cells with similar embryonic development in three days according to somatic cell induction. This is also the "youngest" human cell formed in vitro in the world at this stage. It is another subversive innovation and promotion in the field of biological research after biologists successfully analyzed human pluripotent stem cells. Related research results were published in the international academic journal Nature on the morning of March 22nd, Beijing time.
According to statistics, researchers developed and designed a non-transgenic, fast and controllable reprogramming method of "vodka" cells, which can transform human pluripotent stem cells into pluripotent 8-cell embryo-like cells in vitro, that is, pluripotent stem cells equivalent to embryonic development for three days. This effect will help to complete the reconstruction of internal organs in vitro in the future, and it is of great practical significance to deal with the problems of human organ shortage, autologous and xenotransplantation rejection and so on.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 20 12 was awarded to Japanese biologist shinya yamanaka, who successfully induced perfect somatic cells into embryonic pluripotent stem cells. Human embryonic cells are fertilized eggs that develop for 5-6 days, and their working ability for further development is limited.
However, this research has pushed the industry forward a big step, and obtained in vitro embryonic cells with fertilized eggs only dividing for 3 days for the first time. In the early stage of embryonic development, unprecedented great changes take place every day. It is these 2-3 days that biologists obtained human 8-cell embryonic-like pluripotent stem cells for the first time according to in vitro induction. This is also the "youngest" human cell induced in vitro so far, which has very strong development potential. This study will also help to unlock the key to the early development of human in vitro fertilization.
It is understood that this totipotent 8-cell test-tube embryo-like cell reconstructs a test-tube embryo whose embryo only disintegrated three times. Compared with previous pluripotent stem cells, these cells can divide into embryonic institutions and may develop into more perfect human institutions.
"This progress is also a model of combining biological research with single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology." Dr. Liu, a graduate student of Shenzhen Huada Institute of Life Sciences, one of the authors of graduation thesis, introduced in detail, "According to the way of large-scale single cell and multi-learning map, efficient evaluation and institutional analysis of cells or institutions obtained by stem cell method in vitro or in vivo will greatly accelerate the development trend of biological research."
This is also the first time that researchers have "transformed" human pluripotent stem cells into truly practical pluripotent test-tube embryonic cells, prompting everyone to reverse transform cells with "adult" version numbers into cells with a large number of possible "baby" version numbers. At the same time, because the totipotent cells obtained this time are closer to the initial situation of early embryos, if used in biological research, the human organs obtained by culture will be closer to the real human organs and more conducive to transplantation.
This improvement is attributed to the development of single cell sequencing technology. In the past, researchers were likely to process and shape countless cells, and the probability of success was not higher than 10%. Nowadays, according to the single cell database transcriptome sequencing service platform (DNBelabC4) independently developed by Huada and DNBSEQ sequencing technology manufactured by Huada Intelligent, biologists can conduct multidimensional single cell analysis with high sensitivity and accuracy, quickly obtain cells with key development potential, and study the development trend of such cells.
In this study, the research elite team will also induce pluripotent stem cells to be classified and injected into mice for further development, and then apply the single cell sequencing technology of Huada to conduct large-scale cell map analysis. Finally, the researchers made it clear that the totipotent stem cells obtained from the experiment were relatively highly similar to human 8-cell embryo cells in vitro, which confirmed the totipotency of cells. This provides a scientific basis for applying patients' own cells to human organ modeling and liver transplantation and replacement in the future.
The research was led by China Academy of Sciences and Shenzhen Huada Institute of Life Sciences, with the joint efforts of several elite research teams such as Cambridge University, Jilin University and rajshahi University. According to the ethical review, this study strictly followed the corresponding laws and regulations.