Today, when mankind enters the information age, information and information technology have become the basic driving force of social development. Especially since 1990s, with the vigorous development of Internet and the rapid rise of e-commerce, digitalization, networking and electronization are becoming a new economic operation mode of the world from industrial society to information society. Enterprise informatization has become the most concerned development focus in China's informatization field, and has been clearly defined as the implementation focus of China's strategic national policy of "informatization drives industrialization". The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China once again fully emphasized the importance and urgency of informatization strategy. As an important force of national economic development, real estate enterprises urgently need informatization construction.
First, the concept of real estate enterprise informatization
Enterprise informatization is the foundation and important part of national informatization. Enterprise informatization refers to the process that enterprises continuously improve the efficiency and level of production, operation, management and decision-making through the in-depth development and extensive utilization of information resources, thus improving the economic benefits and competitiveness of enterprises. Specific to an enterprise, it is necessary to realize the automation of production process, the networking of management mode, the intelligence of decision support and the electronization of business operation.
Informatization of real estate enterprises refers to the process that real estate enterprises use modern information technology to continuously improve the efficiency and level of decision-making, development, operation and property management of real estate enterprises through in-depth development and extensive use of information resources, thus improving the economic benefits and market competitiveness of real estate enterprises. In the era of knowledge economy, knowledge and information are required to become the subject and object of value-added and the core elements of enterprise competitiveness. All employees of enterprises should attach great importance to the role of knowledge and information, which forces enterprises to carry out informatization construction, and enterprise informatization provides a platform for the acquisition and value-added of knowledge and information. At present, the competitiveness of real estate enterprises depends entirely on the ability to obtain and process information. The survival and development of enterprises depend on correct decision-making, which is based on information. Informatization is an inevitable choice for real estate enterprises to obtain and process information accurately and quickly, which can greatly reduce human resources, improve efficiency, speed up information processing and improve the accuracy and reliability of information. The informatization of real estate enterprises can grasp the market information accurately and timely through auxiliary management and decision-making, so as to obtain more business opportunities. It can also improve the responsiveness of enterprises to the market, improve the correctness and predictability of decision-making, and thus greatly improve the competitive strength of real estate enterprises.
Second, China's real estate enterprise information problems
Compared with the list of "Top 500 Enterprises Informatization in China" in 2003, the status and informatization level of various industries in the national economy are roughly the same. Generally, industries with a high degree of marketization and early international integration have a high degree of informatization, such as IT, communication, finance, automobile and electric power, which account for the highest proportion in the informatization of the top 500 enterprises. Among the top 15 companies, except for the ranking 14 by China Hardware and Mineral Import and Export Corporation, other 14 companies are the top soldiers in these five industries. However, among the top 500 informatization enterprises, most of the housing enterprises have fallen out of Sun Shan, and only four have made it into the top 500 list, and the ranking is not good: Beijing Urban Construction 104, Vanke 132, Hebei Construction Engineering Group 189 and Jianye Residential Group 470. Although the existing data does not support further analysis, the disproportion between the informatization degree of real estate enterprises and the strength of enterprises is the most prominent problem in this ranking.
The application of information technology in the real estate industry such as the United States and Europe has been very popular, and the development of the industry has a high degree of informationization. However, the real estate industry in China started late. Although with the increasing popularity of information technology and the rapid development of real estate industry in China, through the practice of a group of people of insight in the real estate industry, China's real estate informatization has achieved fruitful results, but the overall level is still low, with great regional differences and uneven development between the east and the west. Compared with foreign countries, there are still many restrictive factors in the application and development of information technology in China real estate industry.
Specific performance in the following aspects:
1, poor network infrastructure. The network is still in its infancy in China, with poor infrastructure. Although we have invested a lot of energy in China's network construction in recent years, we still have a long way to go. For 178 countries and regions in the world, the International Telecommunication Union is based on the following standards: fixed-line and mobile phone penetration rate, Internet access cost, national quality, Internet access speed, the proportion of people using the Internet to the country's total population, and so on. In the latest ranking of Internet popularization in various countries and regions in the world, Nordic countries rank first, and inland areas of China rank 84th, which is a moderately popular country. China's network infrastructure construction has a long way to go.
2. The technical software is backward. The software here refers not only to computer software, but also to the low level of computer technology, communication technology and network security technology in China. At present, the popular operating systems and application software in China are developed by well-known foreign manufacturers, and very few are developed at home. However, network security is still a global concern and an urgent problem to be solved. This situation has seriously restricted the faster development of information technology in China.
3. The law and the bank payment system do not match. The development of real estate e-commerce needs not only developed computer network, but also perfect legal system, tax system and convenient bank payment system. At present, there is no law against network norms and cyber crimes in China; China's taxation and taxation system are not perfect. Because these social software are not matched, the popularity of real estate e-commerce needs a period of running-in period.
Third, the content of real estate enterprise informatization
The content of real estate enterprise informatization has its own industry characteristics, mainly including the following parts:
1, real estate project design informatization. The design of real estate enterprises should adopt advanced computer means such as computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology to realize the automation and intelligence of real estate design, shorten the development and trial production cycle, improve the quality of real estate design products and increase the variety of real estate products.
2. Informatization of real estate project production process. Is to realize the intelligence of the production process. On the one hand, we should use computer technology to transform old equipment and make the production process and equipment intelligent. On the other hand, intelligent instruments and electronic computers are used to detect, process and control the production process to realize the automation of production. This is the key link to ensure product quality, increase output and reduce cost, and it is also the technical way for enterprises to obtain high efficiency.
3. Informatization of real estate product/service sales. Using modern information technology and brand-new methods and concepts, such as customer relationship management, e-commerce, online sales and other means, we can realize the informationization of product/service sales of real estate enterprises, expand sales, reduce costs and improve customer satisfaction.
4. Real estate enterprise management informationization. Learn and apply advanced management theory, with the help of modern information technology, transform the management of the whole process of enterprise production and operation activities into information management, reduce management levels, cut off non-value-added links, establish a scientific management system, and realize the best combination of logistics, capital flow and information flow.
5. Decision information of real estate enterprises. Using modern information technology to obtain and process internal and external information of enterprises, make scientific decisions and improve the level and speed of decision-making.
Fourth, the implementation steps of real estate enterprise informatization
1, internal trainers. Informatization and management knowledge training is a basic link in the process of project implementation. It is necessary to organize business and technical backbones to cooperate with service providers to realize technology docking and knowledge transfer as soon as possible. In addition, it is also essential to indoctrinate and train all employees from multiple angles and levels. Through step-by-step and all-round training, we will build a theoretical environment and knowledge platform for project implementation.
2. Analyze, transform and reorganize the business process of the enterprise. Business process is the outline of information system. Only when the outline is clear can the outline be raised. Drawing the current operational organizational structure and business processes as required, and optimizing the management processes of restructuring design, procurement, production, sales, inventory and finance together with service providers * * * are effective ways and specific ways to determine organizational functions and adjust the structure.
3. Organize specific implementation. Implement the principle of "overall planning and step-by-step implementation" in the whole process, and combine the current needs of enterprises with long-term development. Usually, the project is divided into finance, procurement, production, sales, inventory and other modules to be implemented one by one. Strengthen the organization and management of the project implementation progress, and strictly control the arbitrary change of the system implementation content and scope. According to the implementation requirements, sort out and check all kinds of basic data to ensure that the data entered into the system is correct and effective.
4. Establish a good performance evaluation mechanism. After the formal implementation of the project has entered the normal state for a period of time, it is necessary to evaluate the performance and efficiency of each node and operation chain of the enterprise business process according to the system implementation objectives, and specifically evaluate whether there is a breakthrough in the following three aspects: (1) Strengthen the monitoring and guidance function of the enterprise through the budget preparation, implementation and evaluation process; (2) Through all kinds of statements and business information that can be inquired at any time, it is convenient for the company's decision-making layer to respond to market changes in time; (3) Through the accumulated business data and analysis indicators, the resource flow synchronization ability and system decision-making level are improved.
Improvement measures should follow the principle of "maximizing the competitiveness of enterprises" and involve the special business needs of specific departments. After argumentation with the service provider, the system is modified separately to make the system closer to the operation mode and ensure healthy and stable operation.
5. Improve the application level of information technology. The success of the system
Going online is only the beginning of enterprise informatization, and it is important to play its role in future applications. First of all, we should make full use of the system to continuously obtain the investment return and economic benefits of the business strategy. At the same time, establish your own consulting and system maintenance team as soon as possible, actively cultivate the follow-up echelon of system application and maintenance, and promote the continuous management reform and application deepening of enterprises.
Five, the development trend of real estate enterprise informatization
The future development prospect of real estate enterprise informatization can be prospected from the following aspects:
1, intelligent residential development. In the network era, people's demand for home is highly intelligent, and the development of intelligent housing in 2 1 century has great market potential. The intelligent function of residence will be listed as an indispensable and important index to evaluate the comprehensive performance of real estate. The community provides software and hardware facilities and services for data exchange with the outside world, which is a necessary condition for expanding home functions. Intelligent property management goes deep into the residence of each unit, and truly realizes the management from intelligent building to intelligent community.
2. Vigorously develop e-commerce in the real estate industry. With the advancement of information construction, the market of e-commerce has expanded rapidly around the world, and all developed countries regard the development of e-commerce as an effective means to expand the global market. In this good external environment, real estate e-commerce will become a bright spot and a huge driving force for the development of the whole industry in 2 1 century. At present, real estate e-commerce can develop from business-to-business e-commerce, business-to-customer service, online information release, establishment of virtual enterprise and virtual government.
3. Further improve the functions of real estate websites. With the popularity of the Internet, the Internet will become the main channel for publishing real estate information, which will completely change the traditional way of buying houses. The construction of real estate website will provide buyers with a new all-weather and all-round market service model, expand the content of real estate information service, establish a real estate online consulting service system, introduce urban electronic maps, and realize online sales. For a long time in the future, complementary real estate professional websites will start to cooperate, and the websites will get development opportunities in market, technology and content; As a working platform and trading platform, it has extensive cooperation with traditional industries, thus improving the operating efficiency of the old economy; At the same time, the number of real estate enterprises accessing the Internet will greatly increase.
4. Real estate enterprises have a high degree of business informatization. For the traditional real estate industry, the level of enterprise informatization is the key to determine the success or failure of enterprises. In order to adapt to the future network society, both ordinary consumers and professional real estate enterprises will require a high degree of informatization in real estate business. Similarly, in the cooperation between enterprises, only by using network information technology can we ensure more market opportunities.
With the deepening of people's understanding of information technology, the government and enterprises' understanding of the importance of information construction, the utilization of real estate information technology in China has made great progress, and the value and role of information technology are gradually being reflected in the real estate industry. Under the trend of globalization, China's real estate industry is welcoming the exchange and cooperation of information technology after China's entry into WTO with a positive attitude.