Railway Transportation Safety Management Paper 1: Management Strategy of Special Railway Transportation for Coal Enterprises Abstract: In recent years, the railway transportation structure in Xu Pei has changed obviously, and the turnaround time of roads and cars has been difficult to objectively reflect the transportation efficiency and benefits; After investigation and revision? Road trip week? For what? What is the tonnage cost of road vehicles? Evaluation. First, investigate and analyze internal subjective and objective management factors and external subjective and objective factors; Second, follow? Simple method? Treat units, posts or personnel differently, and adopt the principle of positive incentives, negative incentives or the combination of positive and negative incentives; Third, establish? Cost saving is performance pay? Concept, turn quarterly cash into monthly embodiment. Considerable economic benefits have been achieved, which can provide positive reference for the management innovation of similar enterprises' special railways.
Keywords: enterprise railway; Management; reform
Xu Pei Railway is located at the junction of Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Anhui provinces, and now belongs to Datun Company of China Coal Group. It is an important part of the integrated operation of coal, electricity and transportation in Datun Company. At present, there are 9 diesel locomotives and 329 self-owned vehicles, which undertake coal, mine and local freight transportation. It is a special railway for coal enterprises with complete machinery, cars, electricity and doors and a relatively complete system. Can handle the national direct freight business, and maintain the Class I standard of enterprise railways for many years.
First, evaluate the implementation background
Turnaround time of railway freight cars is a comprehensive index that objectively reflects the management level of railway special transport enterprises and the quality and efficiency of transport organizations. Freight car occupancy fee is an important part of railway special transportation cost. Accelerating freight car turnover can reduce the expenditure of national railway freight car occupation fee, improve its transportation efficiency and economic benefits, and achieve the purpose of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.
1. For many years, Xu Peitie's weekly assessment method has played a very good role in improving the turnover rate of freight cars and reducing the turnover time. However, due to the remarkable changes in the railway transportation structure in Xu Pei in recent years, the freight car turnaround time is not objectively comparable to that in previous years, and it is difficult to objectively reflect the efficiency and benefit of railway transportation in enterprises.
2.2065438+In the second half of 2003, due to economic transformation and market adjustment, the whole coal system faced a large-scale loss situation. Reducing costs and improving efficiency have become the only choice for coal enterprises to cope with the current period. The special railways owned by coal enterprises must tap the potential inside and outside to cope with the unfavorable situation.
3. The social responsibilities of state-owned enterprises, such as employment and stability, limit the flexible response of the employment system to layoffs and salary policies, and it is more difficult for the natural attrition method and the salary distribution mechanism with relatively small fluctuations to cope with rapid market changes. The characteristics of state-owned enterprises' coal-dedicated railway transportation management make it difficult to fundamentally change their situation of relying heavily on the main business, and tapping the potential under the policy framework is still the first.
4. Personnel in relevant units, departments and key positions need to see the stimulation of economic benefits intuitively in the case of poor business prosperity and declining income, so as to boost morale and strengthen their determination and courage to overcome difficulties and innovate together with enterprises.
Facing the big economic environment, enterprises are saving expenses, reducing costs and improving efficiency, which is also an aspect of the long-term topic provided by market economy for the survival and development of enterprises. On the one hand, combining the characteristics of special railway transportation management in coal enterprises has become the main aspect, which is especially critical for low-profit units or difficult enterprises at the break-even point, and management innovation is ready. After in-depth study, Xu Pei Railway Reform? Road trip week? For a more objective indicator? What is the tonnage cost of road vehicles? The assessment is linked to the assessment indicators of relevant departments and units and the performance pay of employees.
Second, the connotation of highway vehicle traffic cost per ton
Here, the cost per ton of road freight only refers to the ratio of the sum of the freight car occupation fees paid by the special railway of coal enterprises to the total freight car traffic entering and leaving the China Railway Special Railway in a certain period (unit: RMB/ton). From the time when the trucks of China Railway enter the special line at the hub station to the time when the trucks are handed over after the operation of the special line, it is necessary to pay the truck occupancy fee to China Railway every hour (currently 5.7 yuan/car hour). This is a considerable cost for the special railway line, which can greatly reduce the cost ratio of road vehicles per ton of traffic, not only improve the railway transportation efficiency, but also reduce the transportation cost of the special railway line, which can reduce the monthly expenditure by hundreds of thousands of yuan, and has considerable potential for reducing costs and increasing efficiency.
Third, the main innovative contents and specific measures
Xu Pei Railway closely surrounds? Safe development, reform and innovation? This main line, innovation and improvement of internal details control mechanism, in the work of reducing costs and increasing efficiency? What is the tonnage cost of road vehicles? This indicator, combined with internal and external, has continuously improved the operational level and achieved remarkable results. Specific management and assessment are as follows:
1. Organize personnel to fully investigate.
(1) Internal subjective factors
From the perspective of management, under the premise that the internal and external environment is relatively stable, the human factor is always the first factor. The railway transportation cost awareness, responsibility and initiative of internal employees need to be further strengthened; The level of outreach and inline work, transportation organization ability and professional quality of key positions in the front line need to be further improved; The responsibility of front-line relative key positions needs to be further improved. Management technicians emphasize objectivity, lack the spirit of daring to tell the truth, and lack a down-to-earth work style and rigorous work attitude. They must calm down and go to the scene to enhance their awareness of investigation and research.
(2) internal objective factors
Over the years, the reduction of personnel and the improvement of efficiency have caused a relative shortage of personnel suitable for shunting operations, and the supplementary personnel have been limited to some extent. There is still room for further deepening the multi-functional employment system. The main transportation equipment is insufficient. Intermodal transportation between highway enterprises has changed the original locomotive routing, and the internal locomotive power supply is tight; Many factors, such as the adjustment of national railway freight rate, have caused great changes in the transportation structure of special railways, and direct coal transportation has become intra-port transportation, and there is a serious shortage of self-owned vehicles. It is limited to putting the connected non-operating vehicles into the train at the time of handover, which greatly increases the shunting workload; The situation that sporadic miscellaneous cars, mines and road materials arrive and stay for a relatively long time needs to be changed urgently; Blockade construction and coal loading have certain influence on transportation organization.
(3) Internal management factors
The restraint and incentive mechanism needs to be further improved. The original assessment method is too complicated, which leads to low operability, wide reward range and small fluctuation, which directly affects the enthusiasm of key positions. The transportation organization procedure and coal transportation organization arrangement are not scientific, reasonable and effective, and there is room for further optimization and adjustment in the rational use of electricity; Equipment maintenance is not in place in real time, and the maintenance, electricity consumption and construction time of main traffic equipment are long, and the construction section is limited for a long time, which greatly interferes with transportation production; The time standards for loading and unloading trucks at special line stations (factories and mines) need to be re-approved, and the collection of delayed occupation fees for trucks needs to be further standardized.
(4) external subjective and objective factors
The centralized dispatching and skylight construction of China Tiexi Longhai Line have seriously restricted the entry and exit of feeder trains, resulting in a serious phenomenon of waiting for trains to go up. In order to ensure the safety of high-speed trains, the requirements for loading quality and loading reinforcement of highway vehicles are improved, which leads to the increase of running time; The national railway commodity inspection personnel check the loading quality, and the shortage of personnel has a certain impact on the timely departure of trains. The national railway freight production management information system has realized the real-time uploading of information, which is convenient for customers to inquire, but it has delayed the production of freight tickets. The cargo management matching channel is congested, and the plan number is changed to the waybill number, which slows down the speed of issuing tickets and the phenomenon of waiting for tickets occurs from time to time. There are still some shortcomings in the cooperation of joint labor outside the road. The delivery plan of transportation and marketing departments or factories and mines is a 24-hour daily plan, which is often affected by the unbalanced allocation of cars by railway bureaus, and there are often phenomena of cars waiting for delivery and goods waiting for cars. Non-use vehicles, empty boxcars and full local goods such as red-card cars and SS cars are restricted, which leads to an increase in the number of train unbinding and a delay in train departure time. Local cargo trucks arrive, and the loading and unloading machinery and personnel team are insufficient; The logistics distribution of some enterprises is controlled by the headquarters, which leads to the difficulty of vehicle distribution and objectively prolongs the waiting time of trucks. The problem of cost transfer needs further communication and coordination.
2. Formulate measures to promote implementation.
It is an important part of special railway to reduce the turnover time of highway vehicles and the expenditure of freight car occupation. On the premise of not violating Datun Company's policies, Xu Pei Railway treats all relevant units and internal post personnel differently. Take advantage of the favorable opportunity to reduce costs and increase efficiency, formulate and improve management assessment and reward methods, strive to bring internal and external subjective and objective factors and management factors that affect freight car turnover into the assessment scope and further improve it, adopt a mechanism that combines positive and negative incentives in a targeted manner, and adhere to equal emphasis on transportation organization, equipment, management and assessment.
(1) Further strengthen transportation production scheduling.
Railway dispatching is the center of transportation production organization. Only by standardizing and strengthening its standardized management and establishing and maintaining its authoritative position can we ensure the centralized leadership, unified command, coordinated action, safety and efficiency of railway transportation production. Xu Pei Railway has further strengthened transportation production scheduling, effectively maintained the seriousness and authority of transportation production scheduling instructions, and made all aspects of transportation production smoother, forming a? Safe, efficient, orderly and controllable? The operating mechanism of; Pay attention to strengthening the training of work responsibility of transport dispatchers, improve their transport organization and business level, and regularly analyze the completion of personal indicators, which effectively promotes the organic unity of command, supervision, service and coordination.
(2) Internal evaluation of special railway
Follow? Interests determine distribution, differentiated orientation? Principle, adhere to the idea of linking work quality, performance appraisal and monthly performance pay, adopt the combination of positive and negative incentives, objectively reflect labor evaluation, incorporate the assessment of increasing income, reducing costs and increasing efficiency into the salary distribution reform, grasp the overall situation and proceed cautiously, and change the weekly assessment of road vehicles into the cost assessment of road vehicles per ton of traffic volume, and change it into a monthly embodiment. What are the assessment methods (rules) for each position? A simple method is a good method as long as it works? Principle, strive to achieve detailed schedules and explanations, objective data sources, and simple and clear calculation methods. In practical work, employees are required to firmly establish? Time is benefit, and cost saving is performance pay? The idea of canceling equal pay for equal work in performance pay and fulfilling promises according to performance appraisal? Is there no cap on the top and no guarantee on the bottom? . (1) Assessment of transportation production dispatchers (positive incentive) The cost per ton of road vehicles is based on 1.62 yuan/ton, and the total rewards and punishments of dispatchers ((1.62- actually completed) * monthly road vehicle traffic * 3.5%) are generally 3.5% higher than the holiday. There are five personal assessment indicators: average stop time per train, monthly piece work, locomotive efficiency, storage and delivery of miscellaneous vehicles, alignment and removal of miscellaneous vehicles, with the proportions of 5, 2, 1.5, 0.75 and 0.75 respectively. The assessment of the average weekly shift and each operation link of miscellaneous vehicles has been strengthened, which can truly reflect the transportation organization ability and work enthusiasm of dispatchers. Then the distribution gap will be expanded to several times of the original data gap (40% of the original score will be deducted per capita), and dispatchers will be organized to learn and strictly implement it. (2) Assessment of the personnel in the depot (positive motivation). The cost per ton of train traffic is 1.62 yuan/ton, and the monthly train traffic is 550,000 tons. According to the standard of exceeding 50%, it is generally known that the total amount of rewards and punishments ((1.62- actually completed) * monthly train traffic *50%) of the depot personnel (excluding section leaders). On this basis, the relevant indicators are refined, geometric gradient is adopted, and the standard of addition and subtraction is implemented for independent assessment. For example, the per capita reward standard (4 persons) among the station attendants in the assembly and distribution station and the post personnel closely related to it are clearly defined according to the coefficient ratio. The attendant will cash in according to the relevant direct indicators and indirect indicators (after deducting 40% of the average score base, it will be rewarded according to the actual score). (3) Other departments and grass-roots units (negative incentives) are deducted from the total performance pay of the following units (performance pay is calculated according to the actual production safety of each unit and department), and the transportation production dispatcher and vehicle crew make compensation according to the specific situation, for example, locomotive depot: based on monthly summary 180 minutes, the relative amount of performance pay is deducted every time it exceeds 1 minute; Works section: the speed limit of the line is calculated by hour, and the interruption of the line is calculated by minute; Communication hydropower section: the foundation is blocked, the dispatching telephone and driving telephone are cut off by minutes, and the poor communication quality is halved, and the emergency repair of communication, signal, electric power and interlocking equipment is counted as poor; Car factory: the number of times to check the vehicle, and the timeout for handling vehicle faults is measured in minutes. Material supply department: 36 hours/batch from the time when road materials are unloaded into the special railway to the time when they are unloaded; Fleet: The delay of producing vehicles is calculated in minutes.
(3) Reward and punish the loading and unloading trucks of mines and factories within the company (outside the railway).
Xu Pei Railway makes full use of the company's policies, according to the annual total investment of 200,000 ~ 300,000 yuan reward standard, and cooperates with relevant departments of the company to carry out truck loading and unloading time assessment in the loading and unloading units of the company's mines and factories, check the bid at a fixed point, set the time standard, and conduct monthly assessment with prizes exceeding penalties and quarterly rigid performance. Requirements: ① The management review department of the company takes the lead in coordination, and the railway department is responsible for the specific daily work. (2) Determine the total amount of rewards and punishments of all the assessed units, and strictly limit the reward amount of leaders above minor courses to the upper limit of 15% of the award amount of the unit. (3) Each assessed unit shall, according to the spirit of the unit, formulate detailed rules for the implementation of the assessment of the unit. (4) Hold a meeting of assessment results attended by leaders in charge of mines and factories every quarter, reward cash payment, and transfer fines from internal banks. During the meeting, return the bonus payment form of the previous quarter to ensure its implementation and effective supervision.
(4) further strengthening? Outbound transportation first, roads and cars first, outside first and then inside, far first and then near? Basis for effective implementation of transportation organization principles and supporting measures
Insist? Outbound transportation first, roads and cars first, outside first and then inside, far first and then near? On the premise of ensuring the transportation of key coal, do a good job in organizing the transportation of coal and groceries in Xukuang Group and local areas. Strictly control the stock of railway freight cars, strive to improve the safety and quality of loading and unloading operations, rationally arrange the organization and deployment of personnel, locomotive power, road cars and self-owned cars, so as to achieve the parallel work of field, car number and train inspection personnel, minimize the non-operation stay time of railway freight cars, and improve the safety of transportation production and the efficiency of railway transportation.
(5) Do a good job in transportation organization and relevant thematic analysis.
Adhere to Xu Pei railway transportation organization analysis, index statistical analysis and regular business analysis, timely carry out thematic analysis, improve the pertinence and timeliness of analysis, timely communicate information, point out deficiencies, propose measures and solve problems. Through numbering, quantitative and periodic analysis of all links of miscellaneous vehicle operation, aiming at the problems, measures are formulated, rectification is implemented, the effect is verified, continuous improvement is made, a long-term mechanism is established, and a virtuous circle is introduced, which has direct guiding significance for cargo transportation organization, driving and shunting work.
(6) Pay equal attention to equipment and equipment construction and management.
Transforming equipment is the material basis for completing various operations, establishing the concept of paying equal attention to equipment, equipment construction and management, and improving step by step and continuously. Completely changed the locomotive, improved the locomotive traction power, shortened the locomotive maintenance time, improved the working environment and observation conditions, reduced the labor intensity, improved the work efficiency and adaptability to abnormal weather, and ensured all-weather operation. The installation of three major components of locomotive (locomotive signal, train wireless dispatching telephone and train operation monitoring and recording device) has improved the level of train operation safety guarantee system. In eliminating self-owned vehicles and purchasing new self-owned vehicles, the priority standard is to purchase new models, improve the heavy load rate, running speed and safety performance of vehicles, urge 100 self-owned vehicles to be delivered as soon as possible, strengthen the management of self-owned vehicles, and alleviate the tension of rushing to transport Hong Kong coal under the weak coal market. Pay attention to the maintenance and upgrading of transportation production equipment and improve the scientific and technological content of newly introduced equipment. Make full use of large tamping vehicles and strengthen comprehensive maintenance of lines; Reduce and merge crossings and change crossings and culverts; Through updating and technical transformation, a safe, reliable, advanced and automatic double-loop power supply system is established to ensure the safety of train operation. Improve the emergency rescue plan, organize regular drills, and modify and improve the plan according to the problems found. The driving department strengthens the joint control of vehicles and machines; The electric power and industrial departments should strengthen inspections to ensure the safe use of lines and equipment.
(seven) to strengthen the management of special railway lines.
In order to speed up the turnover of railway freight cars, reduce the transportation cost, improve the working efficiency of the transportation system, and ensure the transportation of coal and the loading and unloading of miscellaneous cars to the maximum extent, Xu Pei Railway took advantage of the favorable opportunity to sign an annual special line safety transportation agreement with the loading and unloading unit to coordinate with the loading and unloading unit on the delivery place and mode of freight cars, the organization and operation time of loading and unloading cars, the work contact system and the safety measures of transportation production. , clear responsibility, right and benefit. Strive for fairness, justice, openness and rationality, and reach an agreement. On the basis of equal consultation between the two parties, share the cost of truck occupancy reasonably, straighten out the working relationship, improve work efficiency and achieve mutual benefit.
(8) coordinate external relations, strengthen internal management, and do a good job of combining internal and external.
Coordinate the relationship with the national railway, strive to match freight resources, and ensure the cash rate of loading and the smooth delivery of trains; In terms of truck occupancy time, equal consultation was achieved according to regulations, and the settlement fee was clearly defined in the supplementary clause of the railway special transport agreement, so as to increase the time occupied by trucks due to national railway factors. Coordinate the relationship with major customers such as the company's transportation and marketing dispatching department and the transportation and marketing department of Xukuang Group, actively negotiate with them, and * * * agrees to optimize the delivery plan. Coordinate the relationship with loading and unloading units such as mines, provide them with enough loading and unloading personnel, realize optimal combination and parallel operation, and truly realize rapid loading and unloading, instead of letting people wait for the bus. Strengthen communication and cooperation to improve service quality. It is a key task to establish a long-term contact mechanism and information exchange channels with all kinds of clients and exchange storage, loading and unloading, transportation and other information in a timely and accurate manner. Pay full attention to the role of the team leader and implement the employees' awareness of reducing costs and increasing efficiency. Adjust posts and personnel to achieve multiple functions, such as: centralized management of car-changing personnel to be specifically assigned to loading and unloading stations, and training part-time assistant duty attendants and on-site freight forwarders after assessment, so as to completely eliminate the phenomenon of waiting for cars inside. Correctly handle the relationship between improving freight car turnover rate and increasing freight volume. On the one hand, actively expand the supply of goods and increase the traffic volume; On the other hand, improve efficiency and service quality, speed up the turnover of freight cars, and do a good job in reducing the cost of tons of freight.
Fourth, the implementation effect.
1. Considerable economic benefits
From June 2065438 to June 2065438 +2004 10 to June 2065438 +2005 10, the actual savings were 10009400 yuan (the average monthly cost savings was 455000 yuan), which made outstanding contributions to maintaining the profitability of Xu Pei Railway.
2. Good social benefits
It has greatly improved the use efficiency of road vehicles, accelerated the turnover of road vehicles, and created positive conditions for the improvement of national railway transportation capacity.
3. Improve transportation production efficiency.
It has brought great convenience to the daily transportation and production organization of Xu Pei Railway. In 20 14 years, the total freight volume reached 1607 1 10,000 tons, setting a new record in history.
4. Security advantages that cannot be ignored
It has laid a good foundation for the safe transportation production of railway departments. By 20 151October 3 1 2065438, Xu Pei railway had achieved 10845 days without accidents above grade C, effectively enhancing its corporate image and competitiveness.
refer to
Cui Yuzhen. Practice and Exploration of Railway Transport Safety in Xu Pei [J]. Railway Transport and Economy, 2008,30 (3): 39-41.
[2] Cui Yuzhen. Practice of reducing freight car turnaround time in local railways [J]. Railway Freight Transport, 2008, (8): 10- 12.
Railway Transport Safety Management Part II: Railway Dangerous Goods Transport Safety Management Strategy Abstract: Railway dangerous goods transport is different from other transport businesses, because dangerous goods are explosive, corrosive and radioactive, and once a dangerous goods transport accident occurs, it will cause huge economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the countermeasures of railway transportation of dangerous goods in order to reduce the occurrence of accidents in transportation of dangerous goods. On the basis of analyzing the problems existing in the safety management of railway dangerous goods transportation in China, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve the safety management of railway dangerous goods transportation.
Keywords: dangerous goods; Railway transportation; safety management
Dangerous goods refer to goods with explosion, combustion, corrosion, radioactivity and other hazards. In the process of railway freight transportation, the transportation difficulty and requirements of dangerous goods are relatively high. The reason is that railway transportation of dangerous goods will not only affect the economic benefits of transportation enterprises, but also cause serious social harm. Therefore, strengthening safety management is the top priority of railway freight transportation.
First, China's railway transport of dangerous goods safety management problems
(1) The comprehensive quality of employees needs to be improved.
The quality of railway dangerous goods transport employees has a vital impact on transportation safety management, and the comprehensive quality of some business personnel still needs to be improved. This part of the employees do not know enough about the laws and regulations related to railway dangerous goods transportation, and their professional knowledge is not high. Under the temptation of personal interests, even some employees will operate illegally, which makes the phenomenon of overweight and super high happen from time to time. Due to their low education level, some escorts have insufficient understanding of the classification and harm of dangerous chemicals, and they can't take effective measures in time in case of emergency, which leads to frequent accidents in dangerous goods transportation. A considerable number of shippers will lie about the name, characteristics and dangers of their consignments as soon as possible, conceal the concentration and content of dangerous goods, or change the name of dangerous goods to the name of non-dangerous goods. The acceptance station is negligent in inspecting the shipper's goods, which brings great security risks to the transportation of dangerous goods.
(two) dangerous goods transport equipment technology does not pass.
Due to the particularity of the transported goods, the railway transportation of dangerous goods requires higher technical requirements for transportation equipment to reduce the occurrence of dangerous accidents such as explosion, burning, poisoning, corrosion and radioactivity. Judging from the current situation of railway dangerous goods transport equipment in China, although many transport vehicles do not have major technical problems, the overall condition of the vehicles is not ideal, and the number of vehicle maintenance is less. In order to reduce transportation costs, railway transportation enterprises pay insufficient attention to vehicle maintenance. When there are cracks in the tank of railway dangerous goods transport vehicles and the supporting equipment such as valves, covers and meters are in poor condition, it will easily lead to dangerous goods leakage, even fire, explosion and other accidents, which will seriously hinder the normal development of railway transportation. In recent years, most of the railway transport accidents of dangerous goods in China are due to the phenomenon of virtual welding of transport vehicle tanks and abnormal pressure gauges and safety springs of vehicles.
(3) There are big loopholes in the safety management of railway dangerous goods transportation.
Whether the safety management is strictly related to the safety degree of railway dangerous goods transportation, there are big loopholes in the safety management of railway dangerous goods transportation at present, and illegal operation and poor packaging are two main problems. Illegal operations include not carrying out strict inspection when accepting dangerous goods, cargo transportation volume and loading height not meeting national regulations, and irregular filling of cargo transportation bills. In addition, the failure to strictly implement the cargo handling procedures has also led to many dangerous accidents. In the packaging of dangerous goods, some dangerous goods have serious quality problems. Some dangerous goods can only be transported by rail after strict packaging. However, in order to reduce the transportation cost, many shippers will use inferior packaging materials, and some shippers actually use packaging materials completely different from those submitted for inspection. In addition, the packaging inspection of dangerous goods in a few stations is not strict enough, which connives at the recurrence of the above phenomenon and poses a great threat to the safe transportation of dangerous goods.
(D) The rescue efficiency of dangerous accidents is not high.
When a dangerous accident occurs, timely and effective rescue can minimize accident losses. At present, there are still problems of untimely and poor pertinence in railway dangerous accident rescue. First of all, the railway transportation department lacks professional rescue personnel for dangerous accidents, which leads to the uncertainty of the cause of the accident, ignorance of the characteristics of dangerous goods and rescue methods, and improper rescue makes the accident worse. Secondly, the accident rescue plan formulated by the railway transportation department is not reasonable enough, and the rescue cannot be effectively organized when an accident occurs, which delays the best time for rescue.
Second, China's railway transport of dangerous goods safety management solutions
(A) to strengthen the training of business personnel
China has clear regulations on railway transport of dangerous goods, strict qualification requirements for shippers and carriers of dangerous goods, and clear training requirements for managers, escorts and loading and unloading personnel of dangerous goods transport. However, many trainers only take part in the training for obtaining the certificate, without real safety awareness and insufficient business knowledge. Therefore, training institutions should strictly require each training college to pay attention not only to the study of theoretical knowledge, but also to the assessment of practical skills and the cultivation of safety awareness. Only in this way can the effect of training be brought into play.
(2) Strict load monitoring
Before loading dangerous goods, it is necessary to strictly check whether the indicators of the vehicle are normal. When transporting dangerous chemicals, the special car system must be implemented, and the goods actually transported by vehicles must be consistent with the external identification of vehicles. Before loading dangerous goods, it is necessary to check whether the packaging of the goods is intact and cannot exceed the loading capacity. We should strengthen the inspection of the quality of the goods and ask the shipper to provide a list of the weight of the goods to verify the actual weight of the goods. More importantly, it is necessary to thoroughly inspect the transport vehicles, especially the key valves and covers, and report any abnormal situation to the superior in time.
(3) Improve the emergency plan
Finally, it is necessary to improve the emergency plan for railway dangerous goods transportation. The plan should include the organizer, implementer, emergency procedures for dangerous accidents, treatment methods for different types of accidents, and emergency information release. On the basis of making emergency plans, we should pay attention to the training of emergency rescue personnel and carry out dangerous accident drills to improve the safety awareness of business personnel and enhance the rescue ability of emergency rescue personnel.
Third, summary.
In short, the railway transport of dangerous goods needs to strictly implement the safety management rules and regulations, and eliminate the possibility of dangerous accidents from the root. When accepting the dangerous goods transportation business, it is necessary to standardize the acceptance process and put an end to illegal operations. In the packaging, loading and unloading of dangerous goods, we should also strictly implement safety management standards, strengthen supervision, and minimize the occurrence of dangerous factors. Finally, it is necessary to formulate a perfect emergency plan to reduce the negative impact of transportation accidents.
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