In order to complete the industrial revolution, Britain needs a broader commodity market and raw material producing areas, and it is bound to implement the colonial expansion policy, which is also the fundamental reason for the outbreak of the Opium War. On the one hand, China was reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and the invasion of foreign powers led to the poverty and backwardness of modern China, which became the biggest factor hindering the social progress and development of China and the root of the backwardness of modern China. On the other hand, the invasion of foreign powers objectively promoted the start of China's modernization. Semi-colonial From a political point of view, sovereignty was destroyed, powers interfered in China's internal affairs, and the central institutions were semi-colonial; Economically, China is increasingly involved in the capitalist world market, and its economy is increasingly being colonized. The sig of that treaty of Xin Chou marked the formation of semi-colonial ord in China. The semi-colonial history is the history of China's demise, aggression, plunder, slavery and humiliation. Semi-feudalism refers to the process that feudalism (feudal system, mode of production, backward and conservative ideas) is gradually disintegrated by impact, and advanced capitalist modes of production, ideas and systems are gradually spread and developed in China. This is a historic progress. The emergence and development of capitalism is the main force to promote the progress of modern China. However, feudalism is deeply rooted in China, and it still plays a role in hindering the progress of modern society in the political, economic and ideological fields. 1. The inevitability of the Opium War. Capitalism is an advanced productive force. The development of capitalism has become the mainstream of world historical development. Capitalism itself has the nature of expansion. It needs enough space for activities and is destined to conquer the backward areas of the world. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/9th century, industrial capitalism developed rapidly, which required more and more raw material producing areas and commodity markets, and at the same time possessed the economic and military power to conquer all parts of the world. Britain took the lead in completing the industrial revolution. It was the most developed capitalist country at that time, with strong economic and military strength and strong desire for external expansion. India was also used as a base for expansion in Asia, thus Britain became a deep-water bomb to invade China, and it also showed different characteristics from other countries in its aggression activities. /kloc-In the 20th century, China failed to keep up with the mainstream of world development. The feudal closed-door policy made China a weak country in the world at that time, with a vast territory, a large population, rich products and huge market potential, so it became the coveted target of western industrial countries. It is not normal for China to surpass the legitimate trade between China and Britain before the war. The rejection of advanced industrial products in China market actually reflects the backwardness of China society and the low purchasing power. China's backwardness, the most fundamental is the backward social system-decadent feudal system; The most important thing is the backwardness of social economy-the natural economy in which men plow and women weave; The most important thing is the backwardness of ideology-thinking that you are a "heaven" and that foreign countries are barbarians and nations; It is considered that science and technology are "strange and clever", emphasizing the imperial examination and ignoring practicality; Implement the policy of "closing the country to the outside world" and emphasizing agriculture and restraining business. All these will inevitably lead to the overall backwardness of national management, social development and national quality. This is the deep-seated reason why China suffered aggression in modern times and suffered repeated defeats in anti-aggression. 2. The nature of the Opium War. The purpose of Britain's war was not only to protect the opium trade, but also to turn China into its raw material producing area and commodity market to meet the needs of its capitalist development. All these are based on ignoring and violating the sovereignty of an ancient country. Therefore, the Opium War was a war of aggression against China launched by Britain, which was unjust in any case and should be condemned. 3. The influence of the Opium War. Mainly based on the contents of treaty of nanking and its annexes. The most important influence is to change the social nature of China. "Semi-feudal and semi-colonial" can be understood as more than half of the economy is feudal and a small part is capitalist; Politically, it is mostly a colony, but there is also a government. This concept and its main social contradictions in China need not be studied theoretically, just know it. In addition, from the perspective of productivity development, the main clue of China's modern history development is the modernization process. But from the perspective of revolution, it is a process from democratic revolution to socialist revolution.