Control theory has played an important role in the progress of human science and technology in the 20th century, and has a positive impact on solving many challenging problems in today's society, providing a scientific ideological methodology and laying a theoretical foundation for realizing automation in many industrial fields.
Now it has been successfully applied and penetrated into many fields such as industrial and agricultural production, science and technology, military, biomedicine, social economy and human life. Engineering system and control study the control and design of various engineering systems. From a single automatic control device to the automation of a production process, and then to the integration of control, management and business decision-making of the whole factory and enterprise, it is the content of its research.
Engineering system and control technology are widely used in various fields of manufacturing industry. Among them, the most influential and promising is the modern integrated manufacturing system (CIMS). In the broadest sense, CIMS can include the whole process of enterprise operation, from long-term planning, market analysis, R&D strategy, product planning, design and production, resource allocation, to specific planning and scheduling at the workshop level, supervision and control of production activities, quality control, product inspection, to sales service and market feedback.
Such a comprehensive and integrated automatic production process can enable enterprises to better meet market requirements with more efficient and high-quality services, improve enterprise efficiency and enhance their commercial competitiveness. In the most general sense, system science studies the motion law, behavior characteristics and how to design and control various systems with certain overall functions, which are composed of interacting and interrelated things according to a certain structure.
It is mainly used in many branches of disciplines, such as operations research, cybernetics and information theory, and has become an important research field of automation and developed vigorously. Pattern recognition, also known as pattern information processing, its original meaning is to study the processing, description and classification of image, text, sound and other pattern information generally accepted by human sensory organs by computers. In a broader sense, pattern recognition can also refer to any process of judging and classifying the conceptual characteristics of general things.
The application direction of pattern recognition includes computer vision, character and text recognition, speech recognition and understanding. China is in a leading position in the field of pattern recognition, and many China scholars have made important contributions to it. The research of artificial intelligence is mainly about how to use machines to imitate some aspects of human intelligence activities and expand the functions of the human brain.
The rapid development and great progress of modern science and technology put forward new and higher requirements for control and system science, and automatic control theory is facing new development opportunities and severe challenges. Traditional control theory has encountered many problems in solving some uncertain, complex and changeable problems. This requires the construction of such a machine, so that it can respond in real time in a complex and changeable environment, make flexible judgments and decisions, and realize a higher level of intelligent control of the automation system. Simply put, one of the ways of automatic control is to realize the intelligentization of the control system [5].
As a frontier science, artificial intelligence has developed rapidly, among which the most influential branches are expert system based on "knowledge expression" and "complex system with simple processor"-artificial neural network. These fields not only have profound epistemological significance and far-reaching influence on the development of many scientific and technological fields, but also have been widely used in automatic control, information processing and the application of computers in judgment, decision-making and problem solving, showing strong vitality.
6. Robotics and Robotics
Robot is a special automatic machine, which has a motion mechanism similar to human limbs, can receive sensory information such as vision, hearing and touch, and complete various machine operation functions under the command of a processor.
Robots can not only liberate human beings from harsh conditions and tedious work, but also have irreplaceable advantages in strength, accuracy and speed, as well as the ability to survive and work in special environments.
Because of this, robot technology has been widely used in industry, national defense and science and technology, and has effectively promoted the development of related disciplines and technical fields, thus making it an active and attractive research field in modern automation disciplines.