Bird's nest structure is a novel and beautiful structural form proposed in recent years, which is mainly used in long-span spatial structures. At present, there is little research on this new structure, only the exploratory research on the bird's nest grid and cable dome structure, and the performance research on other structural forms is still blank. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to study the structure of bird's nest and improve its theory. In this paper, the mechanical characteristics of bird's nest cable net structure are analyzed and studied. There are two kinds of bird's nest structures studied at present, grid structure and cable dome structure. This paper is the first study on the cable net structure of bird's nest. Through the comparative analysis and optimization of the above three structures in five indexes: stress form, steel consumption, effective space ratio, architectural aesthetic feeling and construction method, the results show that the cable net structure is a better form of bird's nest structure. The circular bird's nest cable net consists of suspension cables with uniform length and specifications. In this paper, the different shapes of the bird's nest cable net are described by the number of outer ring support points between the two support points of each cable and the number of sides corresponding to the outer ring polygon. Through the comparative analysis of cable net forms, six kinds of bird's nest cable net forms are determined to meet the practical engineering requirements. In the analysis of static characteristics of bird's nest cable net structure, this paper mainly adopts simplified calculation method. In this process, the continuous membrane theory is used to simplify the structure into a membrane for stress analysis, and the equilibrium differential equation is established to solve the internal force and deflection of the structure. At the same time, the finite element software ANSYS is used to calculate the structure, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the analysis results. In the analysis of free vibration characteristics of bird's nest cable net structure, two methods are mainly used to solve the natural vibration frequency and mode shape of the structure, namely, the calculation method based on energy method and the numerical method based on finite element analysis. The natural frequency distribution characteristics, vibration mode characteristics and the influence of various factors on its dynamic performance are obtained by calculation. At the same time, the different natural vibration characteristics of BN245 to BN24 10 are compared and analyzed, which provides a basis for structural selection. Finally, the paper summarizes the above research contents, conclusions and achievements, and points out the future research work. The research on the bird's nest cable net structure in this paper will help to improve people's understanding of the mechanical characteristics of this new structure, help to improve and use this structure, and have important academic significance and practical value.