Giant pandas are distributed in western Sichuan, China, south slope of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi and Wenxian County in Gansu. This is unique to China. Habitat in the alpine bamboo forest at an altitude of 2000-3500 meters. There is seasonal vertical migration. Living alone, except for having children, there is no fixed nest, and there are activities all day long. Mainly eat bamboo leaves, bamboo poles, bamboo shoots, wild fruits, eggs, bamboo rats and so on. Walk away. Hearing and vision are dull, and the sense of smell is keen. He is good at climbing trees and swimming. Mainly in the spring estrus mating, courtship struggle. During the 3-5 months of pregnancy, each fetus is 1-2, and occasionally three newborn babies are about 120g, with pink body and sparse white fetal hair. Eyes are almost invisible, and it takes more than 40 days to open your eyes. Fully fed by the mother, 1 year-old can live independently. She is sexually mature at the age of 5-7, with a life span of about 30 years, while her reproductive age is only 2- 13 years.
The breeding of giant pandas in Beijing Zoo began at 1955 and was officially exhibited at 1956. In more than 40 years of practice, through the unremitting efforts of several generations of leaders, scientific and technological personnel and breeders in our park, we have made many contributions to the cause of protecting giant pandas and achieved gratifying results.
1963, the world's first captive giant panda was successfully bred; 1978, the world's first artificial insemination of giant pandas was successful; 1980, artificial insemination of frozen semen of giant pandas was first successful in the world.
1987, the giant panda "four generations under one roof" was first realized in Beijing Zoo. 1990, the first natural mating and reproduction of distant relatives of giant pandas in the world; 1992 The world's first male panda born by artificial insemination was artificially propagated, and two ways of natural mating and artificial insemination were realized. 1992 The third generation of artificially inseminated giant panda cubs was successfully propagated for the first time in the world; 1992, the male offspring bred by artificial insemination for the first time in the world naturally mated successfully;
1992, the world's first fully artificially propagated giant panda newborn survived; 1998, artificial feeding assisted female animals to conceive twins successfully.
Giant panda is an endemic species in China, only distributed in some mountainous areas of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. At present, due to the loss of distribution area, hunting, diseases and the mass death of bamboo, the number of wild giant pandas has dropped to 900- 1200, and its population has divided into about 32 sub-populations, thus losing the opportunity of natural genetic communication. The forestry department and relevant units in China have formulated the trans-century "Giant Panda Protection Project", which maintains the wild giant panda population through a series of measures, such as expanding and building protected areas, establishing "corridors and passages", intensifying publicity and protection, improving the habitat environment and reducing human disturbance.
Since 1963 Beijing Zoo created the breeding record of artificially bred giant pandas, * * * has bred 35 giant pandas, gave birth to 58, and 28 survived, with a survival rate of 48.28%. At present, of the 17 giant pandas artificially raised in Beijing Zoo, only 1 is from the wild, and the rest 16 are descendants born in the zoo. Beijing Zoo is making unremitting efforts for the protection and sustainable development of giant pandas.