It is very common and necessary for graduate students to publish papers, but many graduate students will inevitably make many mistakes when they first come into contact with papers, which makes it difficult to submit papers. So what problems should graduate students pay attention to when writing papers? This paper summarizes the following skills.

1, pay attention to language expression.

Although scientific research papers can be said to be "telling stories" to others. But the difference from the general story, personally, lies mainly in logic and coherence. Expression should be in chronological order, and flashback and interpolation should not be used in poetry, prose, novels and other literary and artistic works.

The content is detailed and appropriate. Conciseness should be concise, and the details should be clear and comprehensive. It should not be written as "running account" or "stream of consciousness".

The structure should be reasonable. You can make the layout of the article according to the general idea of "asking questions (putting forward arguments) → analyzing problems (discussing) → solving problems (summarizing)". The relevant contents of the abstract, text and conclusion should be consistent.

This language is easy to understand. This paper is for others to see. Don't think that others will know what you know. Use written language, not online language. Sentence length is appropriate, and tedious long and short sentences should be used less.

Choose your words appropriately. For example, the tone of "speculation", "inference" and "presumption" is different (words such as hint, instruction and maybe are commonly used in English literature). Pay attention to the typo. Avoid leaving regrets due to momentary negligence. For example, Fengyun No.2 is written as Fengyun No.2, and carbonate is written as carbonate rock. A word difference, a world of difference. Use punctuation correctly. Don't confuse semicolons with pauses, teasing, etc.

It is suggested that students can read more Chinese reference books in their spare time. At the same time, it also appeals to pay attention to the teaching quality of mother tongue-Chinese in the stage of quality education.

2. Data and terminology are strict and standardized.

Stiffness and standardization are one of the main characteristics of scientific research papers.

Data analysis should not be "arrogant". When judging the data, don't take the object with attribute A, and use B as the reference standard. Units of measurement shall conform to national standards or relevant industry norms.

Pay attention to the choice of effective figures. It is not that the more digits after the decimal point, the more accurate it is, but that we should combine the methods and means of obtaining data. For example, when observing with an instrument with a precision of 5%, the data should be written as "19" instead of "19.2".

You can't simply copy the values quoted by the instrument. The data above the upper limit of detection or below the lower limit of detection should be ">: detection limit".

The label should be detailed. For example, the sampling location map should have parameters such as scale, orientation, coordinates, legend and description. When using professional symbols and codes to represent objects in diagrams, we should pay attention to the corresponding text descriptions.