Keywords: children; Rule consciousness; Training strategy?
Rules are the code of conduct that we must abide by in our daily life, study and work. Early childhood is an important period for the initiation of rule consciousness and the formation of preliminary rules. Ye Shengtao, a famous educator, once said, "What is education? To put it simply, in a word, it is to cultivate good habits. " Good behavior habits are based on good rule awareness and ability to implement rules. In the social field, the Guide to Kindergarten Education clearly points out that children should be helped to understand the necessity of rules of conduct and learn to abide by them in daily life and activities. Cultivating children's awareness of rules and helping them form it is also a necessary link to cultivate talents with sound personality and adapt to the needs of society.
First, combine children's daily life, establish routines and establish children's awareness of rules.
It is the basic strategy to cultivate children's awareness of rules to integrate education into daily life and let children implement rules imperceptibly in a happy kindergarten life. From entering the garden in the morning to leaving the garden at night, every aspect of a child's life is inseparable from rules, such as going upstairs and downstairs, going to the toilet, washing hands, eating and taking a nap. To cultivate children's awareness of rules, we must first let children know that rules exist in all aspects of our lives and need us to understand and abide by them. Because children are young and have limited understanding ability, teachers should carefully educate children, be clear and patient, let children gradually deepen their impressions on the basis of understanding and give them time to develop. Only by continuous strengthening, continuous accumulation and strict requirements can children persevere. Furthermore, in the process of training, teachers can compile the rules into nursery rhymes or set small appraisals of various themes according to the age characteristics of children, mobilize the internal factors of children, stimulate their self-motivation, and gradually make children change from passive to active, and consciously abide by various rules, such as "civilized dining table" when eating and "quiet baby" when taking a nap. Gradually establish children's awareness of rules in daily life.
Second, use various forms of games to help children understand various rules.
Children's age characteristics determine that children's games and studies are inseparable. Interesting games appeal to children. Early childhood is a period of rapid physical, intellectual, emotional and social development. Because children spend most of their time in kindergartens, making full use of children's games in the formation and cultivation of children's awareness of rules and organically integrating children's learning and cultivation of rules into children's games can help children understand and consolidate rules.
For example, in the performance game "Bus", children dress up as passengers of different ages and identities. In social games with scenes, children imitate people's language and actions in life, experience people's feelings about things around them, and practice the rules of behavior required by society. Children understand the rules and etiquette of riding in repeated games, gradually transform social rules into their own active behaviors, and then migrate to life. The corner game adopts the method of environmental suggestion, so that the environment can speak, and the setting of the environment can tell children the rules that should be followed in participating in the game, such as limiting the number of people with card symbols; Tell everyone to be quiet and so on with the quiet icon. This environment implies that there is no compulsion, command and repression, which can help children receive education in a relaxed and happy atmosphere.
Third, create an environment and create an atmosphere to help children consolidate and enhance their understanding of existing rules.
There is no doubt that the environment plays a subtle role in children's education. Therefore, creating environment and atmosphere is also one of the strategies to cultivate children's awareness of rules. We skillfully use signs, symbols and pictures in children's activity rooms, playgrounds, corridors, stairs and other places to help children consolidate existing agreements and play a very good auxiliary role. For example, the small footprints on the stairs vividly remind children to go up and down the stairs to the right; Don't crowd the picture of the stair turntable, tell the children that going up and down the stairs is not crowded; The queue in front of the water dispenser tells the children not to squeeze water and wait; Children's articles display signs, telling children to take and put back articles; Safe and civilized game pictures on the playground remind children not to run when playing, and how to play large toys correctly ... These signs are what children see in game activities every day. These signs not only remind children silently, but also remind each other when they see them, and do as the signs require. Over time, in this subtle way, children's awareness of rules has been well strengthened.
Fourth, design a theme teaching activity plan to help children deeply understand the rules in social life and enhance their awareness of rules.
Teaching activities are an important way for children to acquire knowledge, emotion and skills. Teachers purposefully design thematic teaching activities, which can help children further understand the rules in social life. Therefore, combining the teaching in five fields, we infiltrate the education of rule awareness into the teaching of various subjects, and combine the cultivation of rule awareness with the cultivation of civilized small citizens, which are specifically refined into traffic safety rules, civilized etiquette rules, and the formation of study habits. According to different teaching themes and different rules, teachers carefully design teaching plans. Using multimedia, video, pictures, stories, poems and other forms, we can intuitively and vividly introduce various rules in social life to children, so that children can understand that obeying the rules is the embodiment of civilization and glory, and not obeying the rules is not only an uncivilized performance, but also brings trouble to others, which should be condemned by everyone. Children should not only understand social rules, but also abide by them. At the same time, we should also supervise parents and friends around us to abide by it. For example, the traffic rules theme activity "On the Road", the teacher used the captured video clips to guide the children not only to understand the role of red and green signal lights, but also to know that pedestrians should watch the crosswalk signal lights and walk the zebra crossing when crossing the road. Moreover, in watching the video, we also found many uncivilized behaviors of adults: running red lights at will, not walking the zebra crossing, crossing the road at will ... The children discussed under the guidance of the teacher that if people don't obey the traffic rules, there will be "traffic jams. Only when everyone obeys the traffic rules, the roads will be smooth and everyone will be safe, so that children can further understand that traffic rules are closely related to each of us. Obeying traffic rules is not only important, but also particularly necessary. In the theme activity "Various Signs", teachers guide children to recall where they have seen these signs. What are the functions of these signs? In memory, discussion and enjoyment, children understand the signs appearing in various occasions and remind everyone to abide by the necessary rules, which all of us should consciously abide by.
The cultivation of rule consciousness is not achieved overnight, and it needs long-term persistence and the cooperation of kindergartens, society and families. Sowing behavior, harvesting habit, sowing habit, harvesting character. I hope our children can grow up healthily and happily in an all-round way. ?
References:
[1] Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (for Trial Implementation). Jiangsu Education Press?
[2] Interpretation of kindergarten education guidelines. Feng Xiaoxia. beijing normal university publishing house
[3] Preschool Education, Preschool Education Expo and Early Childhood Education.
[4] "Good habits make a healthy personality" Sun Yunxiao. Beijing Publishing House .2006.5?
[5] "How to Cultivate Good Habits" by Sun Hongyan. Beijing Publishing House.2006.5
[6] Kindergarten Curriculum Implementation Guidance Series-Society. Editor: Yu Yongping. Nanjing Normal University Press