The major chosen for the postgraduate entrance examination is foreign art history, but China art history is also one of the important professional courses. The results at that time were not bad. But now I can't remember clearly, so I turned to the book. I sorted out my thoughts and started fighting. Please see if this answer is feasible.

1. The development of painting in the Northern Song Dynasty can be roughly divided into three stages.

At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China in the Northern Song Dynasty, painting still merged with the trend of thought after the Tang and Five Dynasties, and figure painting was dominated by Wu Daozi School. Landscape painting and flower-and-bird painting have made great progress under the influence of the northern static painting school and Huang Quan and Xu Xi. The paintings of Li Cheng, Fan Kuan and others all occupy a major position in the painting world. 1 1 In the middle of the century, landscapes, flowers, birds and figure paintings all broke through the original pattern and took on a new look because of the appearance of Guo, Cui Bai and Li. Su Shi and Wen's literati paintings also formed an independent artistic style; Secular art has also made great progress; /kloc-At the beginning of the 20th century, Song Huizong came to power, which was the most brilliant stage of court painting, with many painters and superb skills.

2. Painting in Southern Song Dynasty

In A.D. 1 127, Jin Bing captured Kaifeng, and two cases were captured and returned to the north. Most of the land in the north was ruled by the Jin regime, and many Zhongyuan people fled south because of the oppression of the Jin people. Zhao Gou, the ninth son of Song Huizong, established the Southern Song Dynasty in Hangzhou. After the political power stabilized a little, he reorganized the Palace Painting Academy, and concentrated some old people in Xuanhe Painting Academy and famous painters in the south of Hangzhou. Since then, he has deliberately managed and gradually formed. The Southern Song Dynasty Painting Academy collected famous artists at that time, representing the highest level of that era. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the painting academy was still prosperous. On the basis of inheriting the achievements of the Northern Song Dynasty, painting in the Southern Song Dynasty has made new development and breakthrough, and made great achievements in landscape painting, historical story painting, genre painting and seasonal painting, among which Li (Tang), Liu (Song), Ma (Yuan) and Xia (Gui) are called the "four masters of the Southern Song Dynasty" in China history, representing the great achievements of painting in this period.

3. Overview of fine arts in the Song Dynasty: The Song Dynasty ended the division and chaos since the late Tang Dynasty, and a relatively unified and long-term stable situation emerged. Although its national conditions were not as prosperous as those in the Tang Dynasty, it stimulated the prosperity of culture because of the policy of emphasizing literature and restraining martial arts and the remarkable development of social economy. Compared with the Tang Dynasty, the service scope of art in the Song Dynasty was much wider, the reality and secularity were obviously enhanced, the themes were diverse, and the skills were improved, which met the needs of the court, literati and the people and showed a diversified trend.

4. Overview of fine arts in Ming and Qing Dynasties: Ming and Qing Dynasties were the late feudal society, the feudal autocratic centralized state system was further strengthened, and ideological rule and imprisonment were more serious. In the meantime, although, like the rapid development of handicraft production in the early Ming Dynasty, the germination of capitalism in the middle Ming Dynasty, when things were healthy and dry, the so-called peaceful and prosperous times appeared, but on the whole, the Han and Tang Dynasties had no vitality; However, artistic production has its special regularity, and the art of Ming and Qing dynasties still made achievements that cannot be ignored.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, literati painting still occupied a dominant position, with many painters and painting schools, surpassing the previous generation, and painting gained great popularity in society. Some literati painters pay attention to the expression of personality and the originality of style, while others flaunt imitating the ancients and pursue the interest of brushwork. Some literati make a living by painting, and their creations are secular. Among them, freehand flower-and-bird painting is the highest achievement, and landscape painting has also developed, while figure painting, which directly expresses real life, is obviously weak.

The prosperity of folk book prints and New Year pictures shows the prosperity of urban and rural fine arts, while folk New Year pictures, as seasonal decorations, often directly reflect the life ideals and aesthetic tastes of citizens and farmers.

The sculptures attached to the palaces and tombs of emperors and dignitaries, to a certain extent, inherited the traditions of the Tang and Song Dynasties, and were quite advanced, but they lacked the momentum of the previous generation.

All departments and varieties of arts and crafts have developed in an all-round way, and accumulated rich experience in technology, some of which have reached the ultimate maturity and perfection.

That's all. Please contact me again if you need anything. I'm exhausted.

References:

Bo Songnian, editor-in-chief of China Art History Course published by Shaanxi People's Fine Arts Publishing House.