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On natural disasters
Earthquake refers to the phenomenon that the local medium in the earth breaks sharply, producing shock waves and causing ground vibration in a certain range. It was also called the earthquake in ancient times. Like tsunami, tornado and freezing disaster, it is a natural disaster that often happens on the earth. Ground vibration is the most intuitive and common manifestation of earthquakes. Strong earthquakes at the bottom of the sea or in coastal areas will cause huge waves, which is called tsunami. Earthquakes are extremely frequent, and there are about 5.5 million earthquakes every year in the world.

Earthquakes are very harmful, and accidents that cause casualties are common. So learning to save yourself is one of the most important measures after the earthquake.

When an earthquake happens, it is very important to keep a clear head and a calm attitude. Only when you are calm, it is possible to judge the magnitude and distance of an earthquake with the earthquake knowledge you usually learn. Recent earthquakes often start with ups and downs and then swing from side to side. The teleseism is not so bumpy, but it is mainly shaking from side to side, with clear voice and small vibration. Generally, small earthquakes and distant earthquakes do not have to flee. It can be seen that although the earthquake cannot be completely avoided and controlled at present, as long as we can master the skills of self-help and mutual rescue, we can minimize the disaster. Summary has the following points:

1. It is very important to keep calm in the earthquake. It has been observed that many innocent people died not because of the collapse of their houses, but because of mental breakdown, loss of hope for survival, shouting and "killing" themselves in extreme fear. This is because yelling will accelerate metabolism, increase oxygen consumption, and reduce physical strength and tolerance; At the same time, yelling is bound to inhale a lot of smoke and dust, which is easy to cause suffocation and increase unnecessary casualties. The correct attitude is to keep calm in any harsh environment, analyze the environment, find a way out and wait for rescue.

2. Hemostasis, fixed crush injury and crush injury are common injuries in earthquakes. Open wounds and external bleeding should stop bleeding first, raise the affected limb and call for help at the same time. For open fractures, site reduction should not be performed to prevent tissue injury again. Generally, clean gauze should be used to cover the wound surface and simple fixation should be carried out before operation. Fractures in different parts should be fixed according to different requirements. They were classified according to different injuries and sent to the hospital for further treatment.

3. When properly handling the crush injury of the wound, try to relieve the heavy pressure as soon as possible. If you encounter a large area of trauma, keep the wound clean and wrap it with clean gauze. If you suspect tetanus and aerogenes infection, you should immediately contact the hospital for timely diagnosis and treatment. For large-scale trauma and severe trauma, oral sugar salt water can be taken to prevent shock.

4. Preventing fires and earthquakes often causes many "secondary disasters", and fire is a common one. When a fire breaks out, you should leave the scene of the fire as soon as possible, take off your burning clothes, or cover yourself with wet clothes, or roll on the ground, or splash water directly to put out the fire. Don't beat the flame with your hand, or you will burn your hand. After being bandaged with sterile gauze or clean cloth, they are sent to the hospital for further treatment.

5. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent tetanus and gas gangrene, bury the body as soon as possible, pay attention to the hygiene of diet and drinking water, and prevent a post-disaster pandemic.

In addition, many ways to escape from tar are not listed here. If you still want to know, you can go to the library to check the information or check it online. But in any case, when an earthquake happens, we must be calm, know how to protect ourselves, and save others while protecting ourselves. That's all that matters.