(1) carding wool spinning system (2) combing wool spinning system
Combed wool spinning system has many processes and long process, which is divided into sliver making and spinning.
Combed sliver making, also called top making, can set up a separate factory, and the products (combed tops) can be sold as commodities.
Some combed wool mills have no sliver making process, and use combed tops as raw materials. The production process includes front spinning and back spinning. In most factories, there is no strip dyeing carding process for strip dyeing carding. Re-combing refers to the second combing after dyeing wool tops, and the technological process of re-combing is similar to sliver making. In addition, there is a semi-combed spinning process system between combing and carding, which is Hulan carded wool spinning.
It is a wool spinning process that pure wool is opened, combed, divided into narrow strips and then directly spun. Includes the processes of mixing, oiling, carding, splitting and twisting into roving, and then drafting and twisting into oil yarn. The spun yarn has good fluff, soft handle and low count, which is used for weaving woolen cloth. The main technological process is: (wool washing) → mixing and oiling → roller carding → carding (three passes) → combing → full carding and wool washing and drying → (combed tops).
Loose mesh wool is made into tops with a single cylinder roller carding machine (see carding machine). Most of the fibers in the top are hooked. The fibers are combed straight repeatedly with a cross-needle carding machine, and then fed into a combing machine to comb off short fibers and residual grass wool particles that do not meet the process requirements. After washing and drying, the oil stain and floating color of the dyed strip are removed, and the fiber strip is not easy to retract after setting. Before and after washing, it will be drafted by a combing machine and finally made into combed tops with standard unit weight. Wool yarn used for worsted tweed is usually dyed with tops. Because dyeing will affect the uniformity of fibers in the top, it is necessary to comb again, that is, to repeat carding, carding and the whole process. Combed tops are usually stored for a certain period of time before spinning to restore the fiber structure in them to a balanced state. The main technological process is: (combing tops) → sliver mixing → carding (3 ~ 4 passes) → roving → spinning. Mixed sliver is to mix different kinds or dyed tops in proportion and draw them into mixed sliver on the mixer. The number of merged roots can reach 20 ~ 24. The sliver mixing machine can be composed of two cross carding machines or a special machine composed of two carding boxes. The carding machine further mixes the tops to make the fibers straight and parallel, and the head carding machine is often equipped with a drafting self-leveling device.
Roving machine is to refine the tops combed by needle carding machine to a certain extent to make roving. Roving can be divided into two types: twining and twining. Twisted roving frame adopts flyer twisting mechanism, which makes roving have weak twist, which is beneficial to transportation and reducing accidental drafting, and also helps to control fiber movement during drafting. The roving frame with twistless twisting mechanism has high speed and round and compact roving section. Suitable for spinning fine and curly pure wool fibers. Roving should be stored after spinning, so that the fiber can recover from fatigue, and the oil and water added during sliver mixing and carding can fully penetrate, so that the twist can be set, and static electricity can be reduced or eliminated, which is beneficial to reducing the yarn breakage rate and flying hair.
Roving is spun into fine yarn on ring spinning frame, which is called combed wool yarn. Except for a small amount of combed wool yarn used as weft yarn, it is generally processed into two-ply wool by drawing, twisting and winding. Generally, the count of combed wool yarn is 36 ~ 80, and the draft coefficient is 85 ~ 1 14 (metric).
When spinning wool, because the yarn count is relatively thick, the process can be directly spun into spun yarn on the spinning frame without roving, and then combined into yarn, shaken into twisted yarn, and dyed and dyed. Some fine wool can be rolled into a pile.