American scholars Martin haskell and Louis Ronsky Ya Bu believe that the social organization that has the most profound influence on people is the family. Parents' moral cultivation, words and deeds, family environment and the orientation of family education all have a direct impact on children's psychology. Incomplete family structure and lack of family education will bring devastating adverse effects to teenagers.
The Journey to the West described the birth of the Monkey King in this way: "One day, it burst and gave birth to a stone egg as big as a ball. It turned into a model essay because of the wind, with all five senses and all limbs. " From this perspective, the Monkey King was born in a stone, without a father, a mother and a home. He is an orphan and has never enjoyed the care and good education of his parents.
Because of this, he is self-reliant, but his behavior is perverse, conceited and rebellious, and he has a strong confrontational mood. When he realized that he was incapable, he could go through all the hardships to learn from the teacher on the square inch mountain in Lingtai, far away from Wan Li. However, after learning some skills, he broke into the Dragon Palace and won the best golden hoop, becoming a famous master in the underworld. Finally, he stole the flat peach, robbed the elixir and made a scene in the Heavenly Palace. At this point, he became the infamous problem of juvenile in the Three Realms.
Similarly, in the modern problems of teenagers, there is basically a problem family. The survey shows that most of the family problems of teenagers come from problem families, such as family breakdown, parental discord, parents' bad behavior, parental neglect, family difficulties, violence and doting. Most of the children in these families are born with a lack of material life and spiritual education, unable to go to school or study badly, and are easily influenced by bad habits and lured by bad people, thus becoming problem of juvenile.
social factor
Teenagers are bound to be influenced by all kinds of correct or wrong ideas and behaviors from society in their daily life. Teenagers get a lot of information in communication with society. While learning a lot of new knowledge, I am also corroded by some bad habits and behaviors. Huaguoshan is one of the earliest associations in the Monkey King. Because he has more skills than other monkeys, he became the monkey king of Huaguoshan.
For the Monkey King, who is still wet behind the ears and has immature psychological development, he has formed the concept of strength, which makes him eager to learn and make progress, but it lays a psychological foundation for his bad behavior and illegal and criminal behavior in the future. Heaven is also one of the earliest societies that the Monkey King contacted, but he was recognized by this society because he did something out of line in the Dragon Official Society and the underworld.
For his behavior, society could have restrained him through some mechanism or reformed him in some way. But unfortunately, the heaven at that time could not restrain him with coercive force, and no one tried to transform him in a feasible way. Although Taibai Venus once suggested: "Give him the imperial edict of peace, proclaim him to the upper bound, give him big and small official positions, and bind him here in his name."
But what they gave the Monkey King fell far short of his expectations. Instead of restraining him and reforming him, the Monkey King thought that God was teasing him, thus intensifying his opposition to society and further prompting him to become a problem of juvenile. Visible, bad social environment is also one of the important reasons why the Monkey King has become problem of juvenile.
According to a survey, 72.2% of urban idle juvenile offenders live in dance halls, 74. 1% in video halls, 83% in game halls and 68% in billiards halls.
Living in such an environment full of low-level cultural essays, influenced by low-level tastes every day, it is easy to form a wrong view of right and wrong and pursue low-level tastes in adolescence when the ability to distinguish right from wrong is not strong enough, thus becoming problem of juvenile and even directly embarking on the road of illegal crimes.
(3) Educational factors
Schools are special places for teaching and educating people. Real education should pay equal attention to teaching and educating people. The students trained by the school should be students with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor.
However, due to the influence of market economy and college entrance examination, the guiding ideology of many schools has deviated, and the ideological and moral education of students has been neglected in pursuit of their high enrollment rate. Some schools lack consistency and relative stability in moral education. On the one hand, they instill the ideal and collectivism in students, on the other hand, they bring students selfish and haggle over every ounce.
Some schools do not pay enough attention to some bad habits and behaviors among students, do not take effective measures to put an end to them, or even conceal problems and report them in time; Some schools even turn a blind eye to some problematic students and leave them to parents or society. These bad behaviors in schools are the cause of adolescent problems.
The Monkey King's enlightenment education described in Journey to the West is not a complete education, and his teacher Bodhi Zu is not a responsible and good teacher. Bodhi, the founder of Bodhi, is skilled and knowledgeable. He also realized the Monkey King's cleverness and eagerness to learn, and taught him many skills that other disciples had never taught, such as longevity, seventy-two changes, somersault clouds and so on. His teaching is good in this respect.
But at the same time, he also realized that the Monkey King was a teenager's problem and might get into trouble in the future, but he didn't do his duty as a teacher to educate people. He never gave him a character education, just said, "When you go here, you get sick."
How can you get into trouble, but you can't call yourself my apprentice? If you say a word, I will know. I'm going to skin you, file your skin, exile you to a quiet place, and teach you never to turn over! "In order to escape a teacher's educational responsibility. It is not surprising that the Monkey King has become problem of juvenile under the education of such a teacher who values wisdom over morality.
Extended data
The transformation method of juvenile problems.
(a) bear the corresponding responsibilities
The problem of teenagers is often a lack of responsibility. When they start to do some small bad behaviors, adults (mainly parents) often shirk their responsibilities because they are young and ignorant. Over time, they have formed their own irresponsible psychology, which can easily lead them to the abyss of illegal crimes. The author thinks that teenagers must be responsible for their bad behavior.
If their bad behavior is within the scope permitted by law or the law clearly stipulates that they can be exempted from punishment, they only need to be bound by morality or school rules and regulations, and parents, teachers, schools or communities should carry out transformation education: if some behavior of bad teenagers violates the law and needs to bear certain legal responsibilities, I must bear corresponding legal responsibilities within my ability.
The Monkey King's many evil deeds were described in Journey to the West, especially the havoc in Heaven. Almost all these behaviors are serious bad behaviors. Of course, the Monkey King should also bear corresponding responsibilities for his bad behaviors. In order to punish him, the Tathagata Buddha "turned his five fingers into a five-linked mountain of fire, water and soil in Jin Mu, named Wuxing Mountain, and gently suppressed it", "read the truth, called Wuxing Mountain the land god, and shared the truth with the five parties, and lived in this mountain and was detained".
The Monkey King can talk, but his body cannot move; He had iron balls to eat when he was hungry and copper juice to drink when he was thirsty, but no one came to save him until the disaster was over. It is precisely because the Monkey King paid a heavy price for his evil deeds that when Guanyin Bodhisattva came to see him, he said, "I have repented. I hope that compassion will point the way and I am willing to practice. " It can be seen that taking corresponding responsibility for one's own bad behavior is one of the ways to transform juvenile problems.
(B) to explore advantages, use advantages
Everyone has his own strengths. Problem of juvenile also has its own strengths, but many times it is because they have too many bad behaviors that others ignore their strengths. Over time, they themselves feel useless and too lazy to change. In fact, teenagers are the most expressive period, and they are willing and good at expressing their strengths.
If we can observe carefully, explore the bright spots of juvenile problems, use his strengths to create opportunities for them to succeed and let them experience a sense of accomplishment, which will undoubtedly play a key role in their transformation. The Monkey King seventy-two changes, sharp-eyed, somersault cloud. He is a gifted teenager, and it is also very difficult to learn from the west.
Let the Monkey King protect the Tang Priest and exorcise demons all the way. the Monkey King needs his cleverness and skills. In this way, the Monkey King has been demonizing all the way, and his life value has been reflected, and he has slowly completed the transformation from "problem of juvenile" to "excellent youth".
(C) the combination of care and restriction
The formation of adolescent problems is often related to lack of care. The author has come into contact with the problems of teenagers and children whose families are incomplete, disharmonious or whose parents are busy with their work and neglect their care and education. Therefore, in the process of transforming the youth problem, we must be full of love.
At the same time, the problem of teenagers will not change overnight. In the process of transformation, problem of juvenile will certainly make some bad behaviors. So we must combine leniency with severity. Guanyin Bodhisattva depicted in The Journey to the West is an "educator".
When the Monkey King was punished, Guanyin Bodhisattva "stayed to see you (the Monkey King)" and went to the Tang Dynasty to ask someone to learn from the scriptures and ask him to save you, which made the Monkey King see the hope of change. However, after watching the Tang Priest in Monkey King, I backed out. "I'm going back to the sea."
Monkey grabbed the Bodhisattva and said, "I'm not going, I'm not going! The Buddhist paradise road is so rugged, when can you get this monk? It seems that all this wear and tear will cost me my life, so how can I achieve anything! I'm not going, I'm not going! " At this time, Guanyin Bodhisattva began her love of teaching again. The Bodhisattva said, "You were inhuman at that time, and you wanted to practice enlightenment; There are no natural disasters today, so how can we be lazy?
In order to make silence come true at our door, we must have confidence and positive results; If you get to that painful place, I promise you will call your thesis "Fan Wenying and the Spirit of the Earth". When it's hard to get rid of it again, I'll come and save you myself. Come here, I'll give you general skills. "The motherly words of Guanyin Bodhisattva undoubtedly strengthened the Monkey King's determination to transform. In fact, in the face of future difficulties, the Monkey King never flinched.
The team composed of Guanyin Bodhisattva is also a caring group, especially Tang Priest, whose words and deeds reflect his love for everyone in the world. Living in such a group for a long time also laid a solid foundation for the transformation of the Monkey King.
In the process of learning the scriptures, that is, in the process of the Monkey King's transformation, the Monkey King encountered many difficulties, and Guanyin Bodhisattva personally helped solve them. All these behaviors reflect the love of Guanyin Bodhisattva for the Monkey King and enhance his confidence in reform. At the same time, Guanyin Bodhisattva also realized that the Monkey King was fierce and stubborn by nature, and she would definitely do some bad behaviors in the process of transformation. If she is not restrained, she will surely go astray again.
So, she designed a "golden hoop stick" for the Monkey King, and authorized the Tang Priest, who was with him every day, to read the "hoop curse" as long as he was out of control, so as to restrain him and make him afraid to make a move. This move by Guanyin Bodhisattva made the Monkey King aware of the existence and importance of "rules" and made him understand what he could and could not do.
The concern of Guanyin Bodhisattva gave the Monkey King hope and confidence in transformation, and her restrictive measures kept the Monkey King from deviating from the track in the process of transformation. In the process of the Monkey King's transformation, it was her combination of care and restraint that played an important role.