Basic performance of the shelter: the shelter can adopt large plate structure or skeleton structure, and there is heat insulation material (wall core material) between the walls of the shelter, which will not fail during the life of the shelter, and its density, thickness and flame retardancy are higher than the national mandatory requirements. There are heat insulation bridges inside and outside the wallboard of the large square cabin, and the density of the core materials of the top plate, floor and side plate is higher than the national standard. As a general equipment loading platform, shelter has strong maneuverability and environmental adaptability, and gradually enters more application fields. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a set of scientific theories and analysis methods to guide the development and production of shelter.

In this paper, the structural performance of general large-plate square cabin is studied by finite element technology. Firstly, the mechanical properties such as tension, bending and torsion of the general large-plate square cabin composite plate are analyzed by using the classical lamination theory. The modeling method of composite plate is deeply discussed. Through comparison and test, it is shown that the linear layered structural elements conform to the characteristics of composite plates. According to the structural characteristics of the shelter, the remaining installation parts are simplified and the finite element model of the shelter is established. Secondly, the mechanical characteristics of the shelter are analyzed by ANSYS software, and four working conditions of the shelter are discussed emphatically, and the structural strength and stiffness of the shelter are calculated. The results show that the mechanical properties of aluminum plate-polyurethane foam-aluminum plate composite sandwich panel have important application value in the structural design of shelter. Through the modal analysis and calculation of the cabin with different structural parameters, the natural frequency of the cabin is obtained. The leveling process of the shelter is simulated, and the results show that the shelter structure is safe. By comparing the theoretical calculation with the experimental data, the correctness of the calculation method is verified and the basic structure of the shelter is obtained.