Gene recombination occurs in the prophase and anaphase of meiosis. Pre-meiosis (also called tetrad stage of meiosis): cross exchange of non-sister chromatids on homologous chromosomes. In the late stage of the first meiosis, homologous chromosomes are separated, non-homologous chromosomes are freely combined, and gene recombination occurs.
Extended data
Gene recombination generally occurs in the process of meiosis, including two situations. One is that alleles on homologous chromosomes are separated from each other in the later stage of subtraction, and non-alleles on non-homologous chromosomes are combined with each other; Another situation is the cross exchange in the joint period.
In addition, genetic engineering can also be regarded as gene recombination under special circumstances. For example, genetic engineering, people add the target gene to the vector and then introduce it into the recipient cell, which also belongs to gene recombination. Gene recombination can only produce new genotypes but not new genes, which is the main source of biological variation.
By analyzing the human genome with gene chip, we can find out the pathogenic genes. Cancer and diabetes are both diseases caused by genetic defects.
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