Second, the bone brush;

Third, the pictogram of the object should be;

Fourth, follow the class color;

5. Place of business;

Sixth, transfer writing. "(Volume IV of Pipeline Taper Assembly)

The first of the "six methods" is "vivid charm". Han people attach great importance to qi, thinking that "people are born with qi, but they are full of it and grow up" (Wang Chong's Lun Heng Qi Shou), and Cao Pi puts forward "writing is based on qi" (Dian Lun, paper). People in Jin dynasty often used "rhyme" to taste algae characters; The combination of "qi" and "rhyme" refers to the unity of human vitality, wisdom and talent.

The theory of "vivid spirit" can be traced back to Yi Zhuan, which means that life is easy, and it also inherits the theory of "everything is born of spirit" of Han people. Philosophy of life is used in art, and "vivid spirit" refers to people's life, spirit, knowledge, manners and so on. It should be manifested in endless life and endless changes.

This view, which attaches importance to both charm and posture, inherits Gu Kaizhi's theory of vividness, but it is different from Gu's theory of forgetting "form" and getting "spirit", which is the development of vividness.

The second of the "six methods" is "using the pen and bone method". "Bone method" originated from ancient physiognomy and refers to the appearance of human bones. Wei Jin people often comment on the word "bone" and think that "bone" people are related to form, spirit and character. Gu Kaizhi introduced the "bone method" into painting, making it the basis of "writing the spirit with form".

Sheikh's "bone method" inherited Gu Kaizhi's theory, but when commenting on Zhang Mo and Xun Xu, he said "but take the elves and keep their bone method", which made the "bone method" lose its sacred meaning and tend to be secular.

"Painting" links "bone art" with "pen", which not only clarifies the close relationship between China's calligraphy and painting, but also points out that lines are the basis of modeling. The "Bi Tu" handed down from generation to generation for Mrs. Wei said: "A good writer is bony." The theory of "using a pen as the bone method" should be learned from this. Looking at Sheikh's comments on various painters, it is required that the pen be powerful and innovative, and "vivid" depends on "using the pen with the bone method"

Among these six methods, "vivid" and "writing with a pen" are the most important. The other four methods belong to specific skills: "pictographic image according to objects" means to express colors according to different objects, "coloring with different types" means to express colors according to different objects, "business place" means to carefully compose and skillfully design, and "mold transfer" means copying skills.

"Six Laws" had a great influence on later generations. In Song Dynasty, Guo praised it as "the theory of six laws, which will last forever" (Pictorial). It can be considered that Painting is the first systematic criticism of painting in China.

Zhang Yanyuan's Record of Famous Paintings in Past Dynasties is the first book to describe these six methods one by one. From then on to the Qing dynasty, they were all read four words at a time. Modern Yan Kejun compiled three ancient dynasties, Qin, Han and Six Dynasties, and the first two were out of touch. Qian Zhongshu also thought that the four characters were connected and lost reading (see Guan Zui BianNo. 189).

Extended data

The painter covers the advantages and disadvantages of many paintings. Those who draw pictures don't know how to exhort, how to rise and fall, and how to be lonely for thousands of years. Although there are six kinds of painting methods, few can be done. And since ancient times, each has its own good festival.

What are the six methods? First, the charm is vivid; Second, the bone method uses a pen; Third, the pictogram of things is also; Fourth, it is also right to give color to the class; Fifth, the place of business is also; Sixth, the same is true of transliteration. Only Lu Tanwei and the Health Association should prepare for this. But the traces are clever and clumsy, and the art is not ancient. I sincerely follow the distance and its quality, and cut it into a sequence. So the source of the story is not wide, but it comes from the gods, so I can't hear it.

The first product (five people)

Lu Tanwei. In the Five Dynasties, Emperor Song was a native of the State of Wu. Everything is covered, and things are absolutely plausible. Before and after pregnancy, ancient and modern independence. It is full of praise, but the price is extremely heavy! There is no message except top grade, so it is first class.

Cao Buxing. Sun Quan, Wu Xingren. A quiet trace can hardly be passed down, only Yi Long is in the secret pavilion. Judging from its character, it lives up to its reputation.

Health association. Jin dynasty in the five dynasties. Take a little painting and start with the essence. In the six laws, it is both good and evil. Although I don't say I'm well prepared, I'm still quite strong. Ling is a masterpiece across the pack.

Zhang Mo and Xun Yu. The style and climate are great. But take the elves and leave their bones. If you detain it with the real thing, you can't see the essence; It's subtle from the outside.

The second product (three people)

Gu Junzhi. Charm and strength don't catch sages; Subtle and meticulous, there are philosophers of all ages. Turning the past into the present, coloring and shaping are innovations. For example, Bao began to change his divination, and Shi Shu began to change his calligraphy. Usually structural floors, ideological paintings. I don't write when it's sultry; Dye when the weather is cold. Few wives go upstairs and climb the ladder. Painting cicadas and finches is the beginning for you, Song Daming, and the world dare not fight.

Lu Sui. The figure is flying and the scenery is floating. Every stroke is very strange. There are few covers handed down from generation to generation, so it is precious to see the scrolls.

Yuan Chuan. For example, Lu is the noblest. I like a wonderful person, Amish Sage. However, the determination to follow suit is nothing new. Although it is slightly different from the wall, how can it depreciate the price of ten cities?

The third product (nine people)

Yao Tandu. Yi Dao is painted, turning the front into cleverness, and (ghost sound) is wonderful. Xian Yi is wonderful, elegant and honest. Unexpectedly, the sky is completely beyond the scope of study. Although the fiber is slightly shorter, it is often lost. There is nothing better than being a horse in a soap opera. Can Xiao Ai, the pillar, really stop the sudden embarrassment?

Gu Kaizhi. During the Five Dynasties and the Jin Dynasty, Wuxi people in Jinling were long and healthy, with small characters and tiger heads. There are no mistakes in the pen except the subtle body. But the trace is not enough, and it is exaggerated.

Mao Huiyuan. Without proper painting style, you can go in and out of Qiong Qi, and the pen is elegant and unparalleled. Its profligacy will be wonderful, but as for quality, there is no end. It is good at ghost horses, and mud is stuck in it, which is quite clumsy.

Summer war. Although the strength is insufficient, it is more exciting. Being good at fame is not empty.

Dai Kui's love is persistent, interesting and skillful. Be good at planning wise people, and all kinds of work are exemplary. After Xun and Wei, he became a leader. And almost a child's chin can continue its beauty.

Jiang Sengbao considers Yuan Lu and is pro-Zhu Lan. It's good to use a pen bone stalk. Like people, not good at it.

Wu Chang. Fa Ya is charming, but it is skillful. When I was good at beauty, I heard Luo Jing.

Zhang Ze. It means to escape, and the writing is novel. Teachers are very independent and despise fully mechanized mining. If the ring is endless, the scenery will be more eye-catching. Unfortunately, it is impossible to predict what will happen after these two people.

Gao Lu. The figure is extraordinary and won the hearts of the people. When there is cooperation, it is often between people and paintings. It is almost impossible to grasp the dynamic stream reduction and transfer it to the latter. Ramulus Cinnamomi is fragrant, indicating its nature. The elements of flowing liquid are difficult to work.

The fourth product (five people)

Jihe. And good temple walls, and long painting fans. Don't lose the distinction between men and women. The beauty of the other person's body is also fascinating.

Gu baoxian. The whole lujia method, the nature of things, and the square are dwarfed.

Wang Wei and Shi Daoshuo. Jin dynasty in the five dynasties. Combining Xun and Wei, each body is capable. However, Wang is meticulous, and history tells us the truth. In details, Xuan Jing is second-rate.

The fifth product (three people)

Liu Zhuan is rich in meaning, and the painting is simple and thin, but the handwriting is light and simple. Women are best at their own strengths. But it's too slender and twisted. However, observing the auspicious trial, I got a gesture.

Jin Mingdi. Taboo Shao, eldest son, teacher Wang Xun. Although slightly different, it is still considerable. Besides handwriting, there are miracles.

Liu Shaozu is good at writing and doesn't have time to think. As for finches and mice, handwriting is often unsociable. The language at that time was artificial and was called "animation". However, the painting didn't come first.

The sixth product (two people)

Song Bing. The soldiers in the six laws are not good so far, but there are gains and losses, and the traces are not accurate, which shows that the teachers are all imitating.

Ding Guang. Although he is famous for cicadas, he writes lightly. I'm not careful. I'm not angry.

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