1 research purpose:
1 the choice of the first landing foot of the standing triple jump plays a decisive role in the whole standing triple jump. It determines the take-off effect of the second step and the flying effect of the third jump, and plays a decisive role in the consistency of the whole action. How to judge the choice of athletes' landing feet through scientific data is the focus of this paper.
2. 1 research object
2009-2065 438+09 Male students in senior three physical education college entrance examination in our school (because there are fewer female students taking the physical education college entrance examination in our school in recent years, there is little data, so there is no reference. ): 22: 20, 22:20 10/0 23; 20 1 1 in 25, 20 12 in 2 1, 20 13 in 23, 20 14.
2.2 Research methods
2.2. 1 data collection: collect relevant data in training, testing and college entrance examination.
2.2.2 Access to information: Through books, periodicals and the Internet, more than 20 articles related to literature and tourism were accessed, and 4 monographs were accessed successively.
2.2.3 Statistical analysis of data: sorting out the original data collected every year. Most of the data are processed and compared by computer, and the preliminary results are finally obtained.
Basic practice
2.2.4. 1 the first stage: 20 1 9, 2009. Students' standing long jump scores in the physical education college entrance examination are tested at1every year; Set the triple jump score: set the distance between each jump in the triple jump, collect data and sort out relevant information.
The second stage of 2.2.4.2: the original data collected in 2009-20 19 were statistically analyzed by computer, and the preliminary results were obtained.
The third stage of 2.2.4.3: writing a report.
3. Results and analysis
After years of data comparison, excluding abnormal grades, the ratio between the following data is obtained:
The results of the first round test of the first step landing with the athletes' habitual legs are as follows:
The relationship between standing triple jump is about 26.5%:33%:4 1.5%, the ratio between standing triple jump and standing triple jump is 1: 3.26 ~ 1: 3.34, and the ratio between the selection of standing triple jump and the first jump of standing triple jump is 86% ~. According to the above data, the average score of the standing triple jump of physical education candidates in our school is 8.67 meters, and the average score of the standing triple jump is 2.30 meters; 2.82 meters; 3.5 1 m
After a day's rest, the athletes show the distance of three jumps according to the above data, and then exchange the first landing leg before the second round of test. The results of the second round of test of athletes landing in the first step with unaccustomed legs;
? The experimental results show that after the athletes exchanged landing legs many times, the total score of most athletes decreased and a few athletes improved. Most athletes' performance in the second jump dropped significantly, and the improvement in the third jump was less than that in the second jump. However, a few athletes' performance in the second jump decreased slightly, the performance in the third jump improved greatly, and the overall performance increased slightly.
4. 1 conclusion
4. 1. 1 It is suggested that athletes with balanced legs exchange the first landing leg, which can effectively improve the total score of standing triple jump. This is mainly because the strength of most athletes' left and right legs is unbalanced, which leads to the obvious lack of super-isometric ability of weak legs in the last jump and can not produce enough flying height. Athletes with more balanced leg strength are less affected after changing legs, and the acceleration generated in the second step can effectively extend the flight time, thus slightly improving the overall performance. For beginners, it is a safe way to choose the weak leg to land first and then the strong leg to land for the height and speed of the last jump. This also leads to the beginner's second step is very close. In order to speed up, some female athletes changed the second jump into a big stride. How to choose the landing leg in the later stage needs to analyze the data, and make a comparative judgment according to the average score of each take-off and the actual situation after changing the take-off mode.
? Calculate the percentage of the three-hop distance in the reference article. Comparing the distance of three jumps between the landing leg that is strong first and then weak (low flat speed type) and the landing leg that is weak first and then strong (comprehensive type), which jump method is closer to this data shows that this jump method is more suitable for students themselves. The method is as follows:
Take athlete A as an example. His usual triple jump score is 8.45 meters.
The first hop criterion is 8.45 m 8.45m x (26% ~ 27%) = 2.2 ~ 2.30m m.
The first hop criterion is 8.45 m 8.45m x (32.5% ~ 33%) = 2.75 ~ 2.80m m.
The third hop standard should be 8.45 m x (40% ~ 41%) = 3.38 ~ 3.46 m.
? Player A uses the jumping method of landing with strong legs first, and then landing with weak legs. The three hops are: 2.2m (-0.0 1), 2.9m (+0. 15) and 3.35m (-0.08). When the landing leg is used, the weak leg will land first, and the strong leg will take off and land again. The three hops are: 2.4m (+0. 10), 2.5m (-0.35) and 3.55m (+0.09). Generally speaking, the jumping mode of landing the strong leg first and then landing the weak leg fluctuates less, which is more suitable for student A. ..
Take athlete B as an example. His average score in the triple jump is 7.88 meters.
The first hop criterion is 7.88 m x (26% ~ 27%) = 2.05 ~ 2.13m.
The first hop criterion is 7.88 m 7.88m x (32.5% ~ 33%) = 2.56 ~ 2.6m m.
The first hop distance of the third hop should be 7.88 m x (40% ~ 41%) = 3.15 ~ 3.23 m.
Player b uses the jumping method of landing with strong legs first and then landing with weak legs. . The three hops are: 2. 15(+0.02), 2.65(+0.05) and 3.08(-0.07). When the landing leg is used, the weak leg will land first, and the strong leg will take off and land again. The three jumps are: 2.4(+0. 1), 2.5(-0. 12) and 3.58(+0.33), which are relatively large increases.
? Generally speaking, the second method is more suitable for student B, because the jumping method of weak leg landing first and strong leg landing later has less fluctuation.
4. 1.2 Standing long jump is an important index to measure the strength and explosive power of athletes' lower limbs. It is closely related to the standing triple jump. The first jump of the standing triple jump is 87% of the students' personal standing long jump in the physical education college entrance examination. The task of the first jump of the standing triple jump is to reach a certain distance, and at the same time to obtain a certain initial speed, which directly affects the proportion and total score of the triple jump. The proportional relationship between the first jump of the standing triple jump and the standing long jump is found, which provides a scientific basis for correctly determining the first landing foot. According to statistics, the first jump of the standing triple jump is 86%~88% of the individual standing long jump.
4.2 Suggestions
4.2. 1 According to the average scores of the standing long jump and the standing triple jump, the proportional relationship between them is 1: 3.26 ~ 1: 3.34, and teachers can set training targets for students in the college entrance examination for physical education according to their standing long jump scores. For example, athlete B's standing long jump score is 2.5, so his average score of triple jump should be around 8.25. If his score is lower than 8.25 in the actual situation, then his physical fitness is no problem, but there are some defects in the triple jump technique. On the other hand, athlete C's standing long jump score is 2 meters, so his average score of triple jump should be around 6.6. If the actual situation is that his score is greater than 6.6, it means that his technical characteristics are in a better category and he can give priority to the development of strength and quality. Don't spend too much time on technology.
4.2.2 The reasonable proportion of standing triple jump is about: 26%~27%, 32.5% ~ 33%, 40%-4 1%. Teachers can determine the falling distance of each jump according to this proportional mode, and on this basis, strengthen the distance and swing technology of each jump, so that athletes can get a good jumping rhythm. In the process of training, with the improvement of students' training level, reasonable adjustments should be made in time. Some athletes have the problem that the first step is too short and the third step is too long. Once this problem occurs, try to exchange the first landing leg before practice, so as to balance the distance of three jumps and improve the performance steadily.
4.2.3 In the technical teaching, the students in the college entrance examination of physical education should be trained in the standing triple jump technique step by step; Pay attention to the ankle landing technique and knee joint technique training, so that they can master and master the action technique in a short time. At the same time, develop core strength and hip flexibility, and improve athletes' ability to control their bodies.
Data analysis:
First time, 20 18, 1, 17, test background:
Students have just finished the entrance examinations of seven schools and have not done strength training for about 8 days. They are in an average state and it is difficult to reach the best level.
The test work was poorly arranged and the recorder was in a hurry. The next test should be completed in two days according to different jumping methods to reduce the impact on physical fitness. The number of people to be tested should be divided into six groups, six people jumping, six people in charge of the test, and two people at each of the three points, one watching and one recording.
Figure 1
Some comprehensive scores are quite different from the entrance examination, but it can be judged that,
Jiahao Liang, Zhong, Pan Fukang and Chen Guiyao have big technical problems (the difference between theory and practice is more than 0.5m).
There are minor technical problems (the difference between theory and practice is less than 0.5m and more than 0.2m).
Zeng, Huang Wei, Huang Jinglan, technical standards, (the difference between theory and practice is less than 0.2 meters) the next stage of key strength training.
Figure 2 Theory and practice of three-hop total score.
Analyze the strong leg and weak leg from the total score of three jumps,
According to this table, you can guess:
Liang Haiyan, Wang Zhicheng and Lin Guancheng suggested to be weak before being strong.
Chen Guiyao, Jiahao Liang and Huang Jinglan suggested using the strong first and then using the weak.
The rest can't be seen from this table for the time being.
Figure 3 Theoretical results of the first step
L-column representation
Standing triple jump X0.88 (the first step in the best state)
and
The difference of the total score of triple jump (the theoretical value of the first step in the actual state),
The greater the gap, the greater the room for improvement in the first step.
The first step of, Zhong, Chen Guiyao, has more room for improvement.
Figure 4 Actual results of the first step
The greater the red difference, it means that this method is not suitable for students.
conclusion
Zeng, Huang Wei and Huang Jinglan used the jumping method of first strong and then weak to jump the first step.
Wang Zhicheng is suitable for jumping the first step by jumping from weak to strong.
Others can't see it from this form.
Fig. 5 results analysis of two different jump methods in step 2.
The greater the red difference, it means that this method is not suitable for students.
conclusion
Zeng, Huang Wei jumped to the second step by using the jumping method of first strong and then weak.
Chen, the second step is suitable for weak first and then strong jump.
Others can't see it from this form.
Fig. 6 Data analysis of the third hop
The greater the blue value, the greater the progress of students, which is suitable for this method.
The greater the red difference, it means that this method is not suitable for students.
conclusion
Chen, Chen and Lin Guancheng are suitable for the third jump, which is weak first and then strong.
Zeng, Chen Guiyao, Huang Wei, Huang Jinglan and Pan Fukang jumped to the third level by using the jumping method of first strong and then weak.
Others can't see it from this form.
This picture is my mood at this time!
Full text conclusion:
Wang Zhicheng, Lin Guancheng and Chen suggested that we should be weak first and then strong.
Zeng, Chen Guiyao, Huang Jinglan, Huang Wei, Pan Fukang suggested that we should be strong first and then weak.
The clock has stood firm. Temporary uncertainty (insufficient data)
The first step of, Zhong, Chen Guiyao, has more room for improvement.
Jiahao Liang, Zhong, Pan Fukang and Chen Guiyao have big technical problems (the difference between theory and practice is more than 0.5m).
There are minor technical problems (the difference between theory and practice is less than 0.5m and more than 0.2m).
Zeng, Huang Wei, Huang Jinglan, technical standards, (the difference between theory and practice is less than 0.2 meters) the next stage of key strength training.
? At present, the data is not perfect, and there are still many mistakes, which will be further improved according to the ideas next semester.
In practice, the first two jumps of a student D, 8. 19, were replaced by being strong first and then weak, and then his score rose to 8.45. It is a case of balanced strength of both feet, good coordination and successful technical change. On the contrary, student E is weak before the first two jumps and strong after the last jump. Because of the serious speed drop, he didn't have enough height and flexibility, so he couldn't complete the abdomen and leg extension, but it was close to half a meter, which was a negative teaching material for technological changes.
? For some girls in other schools and some people with long legs who have good innate advantages, it can only be said that changing from three-step jump to two-step run-up long jump in the initial stage is one of the common mistakes made by beginners. Although you can temporarily improve your grades, your development potential is not high. Only strengthening the ability to stay in the air is the best way to improve your grades. We don't have the physical condition and explosive power, so we can't follow blindly.
4? If the leg strength is relatively balanced and well coordinated, taking off with weak legs can also achieve a certain flying effect. It is recommended to land the strong legs first, and then the weak legs. In this way, the use of strong legs to jump the second step can strengthen the speed and distance of the second step, which is more conducive to the technical play of the third step.
5. 1 super-isometric training
5.2 Common error techniques in triple jump training
Basic training of one jump or three jumps
1 The foothold of one-legged lunge and stride jump should be directly under the body, rather than extending the foot in advance to increase the step size. This is because the latter's striding and jumping will reduce the consistency of movements and slow down the speed of athletes.
At the moment of landing, don't hook your ankle or simply touch the ground with your toes, which will cause obvious "braking" phenomenon, and also cause a certain chance of slipping and heel joint pain. You can strengthen the ankle feeling through low-level and long-distance training: continuous jumping hurdles and other exercises.
Two? Swing arm technique in triple jump
? With the improvement of athletes' strength and coordination, the circle drawing technique can't keep up with the athletes' strength movements. Front and rear swing arm movement is the latest swing arm technology in triple jump, which is more simplified and practical, so the connection speed is faster.
Three? The back swing leg technique of triple jump
Folding the hind legs in advance can speed up the speed and increase the speed and amplitude of the next leg swing.
Two? Landing techniques of the first jump and the second jump in triple jump
Scraping the ground with rolling sole will limit the speed of movement and produce braking feeling. Moreover, long-term heel landing will lead to heel pain and cause chronic injury.
The relationship between super-isometric ability training and the lower limb strength quality requirements of trainees, aiming at the different needs of athletes from primary school to university,
The content and score of extra-long exercises,
A study on the strength of athletes' lower limbs from primary school (leapfrog) to junior high school (squat)
Study on the Super-equal Length Ability in Different Stages (One-leg Jump or Jumping Depth)
The record of athletes' lower limb strength who can complete the standard minimum intensity super-isometric exercise at each stage.
Extra-long training can be carried out at all stages, and the requirements can be reduced according to the situation.
Reference function training p171p199-200
Physical education teacher friend 20 12.3
Common wrong theory of core strength. (Functional exercises in physical training)
The core training is based on p 1 13- 159 drug ball training p 137.
Research on the method of improving the running and jumping skills of K5 triple jump for young athletes by using mobile phone video technology
1 is a camera-following device based on the original UAV and added with preset video guide rails (Olympic equipment).
2 improve the object, 100 meters, standing triple jump, long jump, constant speed and jumping events,
Have a certain foundation, the paper won the prize.
Research and application, reduce the cost of equipment, popularize the technical points in basic sports training,
five