Chapter One: Comments on Qian Zhongshu's Fortress Besieged; Fortress Besieged is the main representative work of Mr. Qian Zhongshu. The most famous sentence is "people in the city want to come out and people outside the city want to go in."
Dialogue on the deck of the ship, "So, you are a sleeping baby in the cradle. Look, how cute! " This shows that even intellectuals have different images after their predecessors, which can be said to be helpless and insincere to people. A fake diploma, the description of Miss Bao, seems to be both a satire on the fact that international students can't study hard, eat, drink and be merry, and a worry about the present situation in China.
The relationship between Fang Hung-chien and the Zhou family is a besieged city. He has entered, but he can't figure it out. In this closed siege, Fang Hung-chien can only suppress himself and "talk and laugh" with a group of tradesmen. Fang Hung-chien's family is conservative and pedantic, and this family still stays in feudal society. Mr. Fang Lao seems wise in some respects and has the image of a father, but in fact it is these so-called wisdom that hinder the development of the whole society. Fang Hung-chien "hates modern girls in small cities all his life. Her fashion is outdated and urbanized, just like the first tailor's dress made in China. The old clothes of foreigners are patched on both sides, and the sleeves and pants are also done in this way." This passage truly describes the serious "takenism" in China at that time, which brought western and foreign things into the home, regardless of right or wrong. Teacher Zhang's description later shows that there are many such boastful people in China who don't understand the true meaning of things, but love to dazzle but have no money to dazzle.
The author spent a lot of space on the relationship among Fang Hung-chien, Su and the three men. Fang Hung-chien wanted to enter the besieged Tang Xiaofu, but he couldn't. Sue likes to let all the men around her think that she has entered Fang Hung-chien's besieged city, but actually she is outside. When she married Cao Yuanlang and lived a real bourgeois life, she felt at ease. Tang Xiaofu seems to be the best person in the besieged city, because to Fang Hung-chien, she is illusory and unattainable. She is an illusion, so she becomes pure and lovely. The description of characters in this space is also in place. Cao Yuanlang, a "poet", thinks his writing style is great, but even a fox with its tail tilted up can't do it, but everyone still praises him. Everyone's communication is so insincere, and the friendship between small people is as sweet as honey. Zhao wants to pursue Sue, but he also takes action. From this space, we can see that he is a relatively better person, especially in that era. Ironically, the faces of these literati who show off literature are described so ridiculously in this space.
Fang Hung-chien finally listened to Zhao and went to college. Along the way, they met all kinds of difficulties, and finally came to San Lv University through relations. This has been the routine in China for many years, and it will be the routine in the past, present and future. Pedestrians on the road are snobs, looking at people's appearance and clothes, flattering people with status and despising ordinary people. In this passage, the heroine Sun Roujia appeared. As the name implies, Miss Sun looked so gentle and clever at first. Li Xiaoqi was selfish, like a real businessman, taking medicine to remote areas and selling it at ten times the price, but China was weak and incompetent at that time.
After arriving at school, it is so absurd for professors not to teach grades, and teachers' views on this grading method are so incredible. It doesn't seem embarrassing to show off in the society with a fake diploma, but it's natural to compete for the level there. What makes people feel even more hateful is that not only the decadent teachers, but also the students are equally absurd. Teachers' teaching level depends not on strength, but on diplomas and degrees. Their cognitive ability is so poor that they can't recognize what kind of teachers are. Instead, they bully teachers and lose the virtue of respecting teachers. In the academic circle, the so-called literati are so hypocritical and insincere. Here, Fang Hung-chien became the only person with a little basic intellectual ethics, or the most basic ethics of being a man. Gao Songnian, Li and Wang Chuhou, who live there, will they be willing to walk out of this besieged city?
The other is the so-called love dispute in San Lv University, which is ridiculous. Fang Hung-chien didn't want to live in Sun Roujia, but he was attracted by Sun Roujia and got him through "some way". For Fang Hung-chien, this marriage is his besieged city. Before going in, he didn't know why, so he went in. After he went in, he lived in a daze and had the impulse to rush out, but he was a passive person and didn't dare to act. In the last chapter, Fang Hung-chien quarreled with Sun Roujia and wanted to go home to avenge Jou-chia. Jou-chia is telling menstruation about Hung-chien's mistake, for fear that he will hear. In fact, Fang Hung-chien didn't hear it, so he had to pretend, "You know, I don't need to say it." As a result, Jou-chia said guiltily, "It's not for you. Who taught you to eavesdrop? " This is tantamount to admitting that she "spoiled" Fang Hung-chien behind her back. As a result, Fang Hung-chien, who was about to bow to his wife, and Sun Roujia, who was bent on finding a good job for her husband, quarreled more and more, and finally they were "inseparable" and broke up in discord. The broken bronze bell handed down from his family jingled six times, as if mocking. The irony and ridicule of life are contained in this long bell.
Life is a besieged city and marriage is a besieged city. If you rush in, you will be surrounded by various concerns about survival. Qian Zhongshu tells the joys and sorrows of a group of intellectuals in a free and easy humorous style. This work has been translated into many languages in the world and published in more than a dozen different versions in various countries. In the United States, because of Xia Zhiqing's admiration, many people write doctoral theses and monographs about Qian Zhongshu.
Chapter two: Reflections on Qian Zhongshu's Fortress Besieged; Fortress Besieged is one of Mr. Qian Zhongshu's representative works and his most influential work. It tells the story of social corruption and people's helplessness in marriage.
Qian Zhongshu created vivid characters such as Fang Hung-chien, Zhao, Su, and Li. What impressed me the most was Fang Hung-chien, the hero of the story. My deepest feeling for him should be sympathy. Qian Zhongshu's description of Fang Hung-chien was superb, but in the end he chose a tragic fate for him. Fang Hung-chien came from a middle-class family, and his strong curiosity prompted him to enter a besieged society. In the city, he felt the unhappiness of the society, but when he wanted to go out, he found that the city gate had been closed. With a feeling of helplessness, he plunged into the circle of marriage, career and family. In the besieged city of marriage, he fell in love with the learned Sue, but the indifference of the other side doomed it to be a failed unrequited love. Sun Roujia, who is quite calculating, used his sympathy to realize his unhappy marriage. In the besieged city of his career, Fang Hung-chien was unhappy. After two transfers, he barely graduated from college. With the support of his father-in-law, he embarked on the road of studying abroad, but missed his doctorate because he was unwilling to study. In order to prevaricate my father-in-law and family, I had to buy a fake diploma to find a job. Forced by life, after returning to China, Fang Hung-chien, Zhao and others embarked on the road of applying for jobs in universities. Although the school is remote, it is by no means a pure land. Fang Hung-chien, who was aloof and inactive, finally lost in the intrigue of a dozen intellectuals.
Fang Hung-chien's personality determines his inadaptability in the besieged city. Fang Hung-chien thinks highly of himself, but he holds a fake diploma. He feels good about himself, but the classroom effect is lifeless. It is his overestimation of himself that makes him more and more unhappy, and also makes him get deeper and deeper in the besieged city. He gradually felt his ignorance and the gap with others, but built a new besieged city in his heart, a sense of inferiority. Actually, it's not necessary As long as you can realize your own shortcomings, ask for advice with an open mind and face life's disappointments with a smile, the illusory siege will naturally disappear. In life, some people often complain about social injustice and are very envious and jealous of those who live better than themselves. Instead of being jealous of others, it is better to do your own work in a down-to-earth manner. I believe that opportunities always favor those who are prepared. Self-esteem or depression will inevitably lead people to the old path of Fang Hung-chien and regret it for life.
As the old saying goes, society is a besieged city, people in the city want to go out, people outside the city want to rush in, marriage or career, and the whole life seems to be in a besieged city. People can never escape the bondage and tempering given by this besieged city. Why should we keep the mentality of besieged city?