Binfen Luoyang New Area Night

Luoyang is the first capital of China, the cradle of the Chinese nation, and the oldest capital with the most dynasties in China. Among them, China, Zhongzhou, Middle Earth, Central Plains and Huaxia are all from Luoyang. Luo Jian, the eternal Huaihe River, is the cause of a magnificent ancestor. Myths such as Di Ku, Tang Yao, Yu Shun and Yu Xia in ancient China are mostly circulated here. Di Ku is the capital of Boyi, Xia Taikang moved to the capital field, and Shang Tang has its capital in Xibo; King Wu cut Zhou, and 800 princes would meet him; Duke of Zhou assisted the government and moved Jiuding to Luoyi. Ping, Gaozu Duluo, Guangxu Zhongxing, Wei, Jin and Zen, filial piety reform, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Houliang, Thirteen Dynasties. Luoyang has been regarded as "the best in the world" by Chinese ancestors since ancient times. Zhou Wuwang just settled down, that is, "moved to a state and stayed in China"; After the Han and Wei Dynasties, Luoyang gradually became an international metropolis, "paying tribute to all directions and extending in all directions", which made outstanding contributions to national integration and exchanges between China and foreign countries.

Luoyang used to be China's political, economic and cultural center, and also a transportation hub extending in all directions. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the first large-scale highway network in China was established, with Luoyang as the center, as straight as an arrow and as far as it could reach. In the first year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (AD 605), Yang Di established the capital in Luoyang and ordered the Grand Canal to be dug. At this point, a north-south water transport network with Luoyang as the center has been formed, radiating more than 2,000 kilometers to the northeast and southeast, and the State Council has established Luoyang-China's first king capital network; The "Silk Road" at the eastern end, starting from Luoyang, can go directly to the eastern coast of the Mediterranean, and camels and horses are in an endless stream.

Luoyang is a scholar of China culture. Historical research shows that civilization first sprouted here, Taoism began here, Confucianism originated here, Confucian classics flourished here, Buddhism first spread here, metaphysics formed here, and Neo-Confucianism originated here. Sages gather, people gather. Luoyang is also the root of surname and Hakka.

The earliest historical document of the Chinese nation, Hutuluo, came from Luoyang. Fu, known as the "ancestor of humanity", was composed of eight diagrams and nine realms according to the river map and Luo's paintings and calligraphy. Since then, the Duke of Zhou gave rites and music, Lao Zi wrote a book, Confucius visited, Li and Ban Gu wrote China's first dynastic history "Hanshu" here, Sima Guang completed the historical masterpiece "Zi Jian" here, Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao started Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty, and the famous "Seven Sages in the Bamboo Grove" and "Twenty-four Friends in the Golden Valley" all gathered here and wrote a colorful chapter. Ma Jun invented rollover ... Heluo culture and Heluo civilization centered on Luoyang are the core and source of Chinese national culture and constitute an important part of Chinese civilization.

The development of history

The Heluo area, with Luoyang as the center, was called "Henan" in history, corresponding to "Hedong" and "Hanoi", and was the earlier political activity center of the Chinese nation. Luoyang city has been the political center of this area since historical records.

During the Western Zhou Dynasty, when Zhou Chengwang was the Duke of Zhou, he was in charge of Luoyi, which was the seat of Chengzhou City, the eastern capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty and directly under the Emperor of Zhou. During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Luoyi was the capital, and the rest were generally the same as those in the Western Zhou Dynasty. During the Warring States Period, Luoyi was renamed Luoyang. Sanchuan County, located in Qin, governs Luoyang, Sanmenxia City (except Lingbao), Luoyang City (except western Luanchuan), gongyi city City, Xingyang City, Zhengzhou City, Zhongmu County and Yuanyang County.

During the Western Han Dynasty, the eastern part of this area was Henan County with Luoyang as the center, and the western part belonged to hongnong county. From this period, "Henan" officially became a geographical term in administrative divisions until the Qing Dynasty. In the history of more than 2000 years, "Henan County", "Henan Yin" or "Henan House" have always referred to this area with Luoyang as the center. At this time, Henan county governs yanshi city, Jin Meng, gongyi city, Xingyang, Zhengzhou, zhongmou county, Xinzheng, xinmi city, Yuanyang, Ruyang, Yichuan and Ruzhou. Sanmenxia City, Yiyang County, Xin 'an County, Luoning County, Songxian County and Luanchuan County, which belong to Hongnong County in the west, are now in parts of Nanyang City and Shaanxi Province. The organizational system of Heluo area in the Eastern Han Dynasty was basically the same as that in the Western Han Dynasty, except that Henan County was changed to Henan Yin, and the jurisdiction remained unchanged.

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Cao Wei. Luoyang's administrative system, renamed Luoyang, basically followed the Eastern Han Dynasty. Henan Yin has expanded, including yanshi city, Mengjin, gongyi city, Xingyang, Zhengzhou, zhongmou county, Xinzheng, xinmi city, Yuanyang, Ruyang, Yichuan, Ruzhou, Dengfeng, Yuzhou and Songxian. More Dengfeng, Yuzhou and Songxian counties than Han Dynasty. During the Western Jin Dynasty, the old system of the Han Dynasty was still followed. The difference is that Henan Yin changed back to Henan County, and Xingyang County is located in the east, including Xingyang City, Zhengzhou City, zhongmou county, xinzheng city, xinmi city and Yuanyang County. At the same time, Henan Yin expanded westward, including Xin 'an County and eastern yiyang county. At this time, Henan county includes Yanshi, Jin Meng, Gongyi, Dengfeng, Ruzhou, Yichuan, Ruyang, Yuzhou, Songxian and Xin 'an.

During the Sixteen Kingdoms Period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was great chaos in the world, and there were no administrative divisions. The only thing that is certain is that Heluo area is still Henan county with Luoyang as the center. Other nearby counties remain basically unchanged. After the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the North, it moved its capital to Luoyang and changed Henan County to Henan Yin. Mianchi county is in another place, and other counties have not changed. But many new counties have been established. The Sui Dynasty unified the world and changed Henan Yin to Henan County, with Luoyang as the center. Jurisdiction over Yanshi, Jin Meng, Gongyi, Dengfeng, Yichuan, Songxian, Yiyang, Xin 'an, Mianchi, Shaanxi and other places. Ruzhou and Ruyang belong to Xiangcheng county, and the county administration moved from Xiangcheng to Ruzhou. The division of the Tang Dynasty changed greatly. Henan County was changed to Duji Road, Henan Province, with Luoyang as the center. Compared with Henan County in Sui Dynasty, its jurisdiction extended to Yuzhou City, xinmi city, Luoning County, Jiyuan City, wen county and mengzhou city.

Lijingmen scenic spot in Sui and Tang Dynasties

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the world was in chaos, plus Shaanxi and Mengzhou (probably established in the middle and late Tang Dynasty), the jurisdiction of Henan Province is likely to return to the scope of Henan County in the Sui Dynasty. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the Henan government took Xijing Luoyang as the center, and governed Gongyi, Dengfeng, Mianchi, Yanshi, Jin Meng, Yichuan, Xin 'an, Yiyang, Luoning and today's Songxian. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the jurisdiction of Henan Province of the State of Jin was reduced, covering Gongyi, Dengfeng, Mianchi, Yanshi, Jin Meng, Xin 'an, Yiyang and today's Yichuan Xiao. However, the Henan government with Luoyang as the center existed until the end of the Qing Dynasty, only as a province in northern Henan or a sub-administrative region of Henan. At this time, Henan Fu Road expanded westward, including Lingbao, Shanxian and Luoning. Other directions remain the same. In the Ming Dynasty, Henan Province was further expanded, and most of Lushi, Luanchuan, Songxian and Yichuan were added. Shaanxi Province was separated from Henan Province in the Qing Dynasty, including parts of Shanxian, Lingbao, Lushi and Luanchuan today.

19 12 years, the Republic of China was founded, Henan Province was abolished and Heluo Road was established. Daoyin Gong is located in Luoyang, which governs Luoyang, Yanshi and other counties 19. 1923, Henan Governor's Office moved to Luoyang, and Luoyang became the capital of Henan. 1932 when the Japanese attacked Shanghai, the Kuomintang government decided to make Luoyang the capital and once moved to Los Angeles for office. 1in the autumn of 939, the Henan provincial government moved the capital to Luoyang again, and Luoyang became the capital of Henan for the second time.

1948, Luoyang was liberated and Luoyang county was established. Luoyang Municipal People's Democratic Government was established. 1949 65438+In February, Luoyang Municipal People's Democratic Government was renamed Luoyang Municipal People's Government. From 65438 to 0954, Luoyang was upgraded to a municipality directly under the Central Government of Henan Province. 1955, Luoyang county was abandoned, part of it was merged into Luoyang city, and the rest was included in Yanshi, Jin Meng and other counties. /kloc-in 0/956, the old city, xigong district and suburb of Luoyang were built, and the Chanhe district was built the following year. 1982, with the approval of the State Council, Geely District was newly established. 1983 Xin 'an, Jin Meng and Yanshi were transferred to Luo Yang. 1986, Luoyang was abandoned, and Luoning, Yiyang, Songxian, Luanchuan, Ruyang and Yichuan were changed to Luoyang. 1993, Yanshi county was changed to yanshi city. In June 2000, with the approval of the State Council, the suburb of Luoyang was renamed as Luolong District.

[Edit this paragraph] History of the ancient capital

First, it rains cats and dogs in summer.

Xia Dynasty was the first dynasty in the history of China. According to the records in the annals of bamboo slips, Xia Dynasty existed from 2 1 century BC to16th century BC, with a history of more than 470 years and 17 emperors. Luoyang area is the hinterland of Xia nationality. Yu, the first king of Xia Dynasty, started as Yangcheng and later moved to Yangzhai. Yangcheng is in Dengfeng and Yangzhai is in Yuzhou, both of which are not far from Luoyang. The third emperor of Xia Dynasty, Tai Kang (the son of Qi), was totally dedicated. The chronicle of the ancient bamboo book records: "Taikang lives in the city." This edition of bamboo chronicles also says: "Zhong Kang is the throne, according to it." "Historical Records Xia Benji" says: "Taikang lives in it, Yi also lives in it." Yi people, namely Houyi, are the leaders of the Yi people in the East. He used Taikang's helplessness and Xia people's resentment to enter the palace to seize power and exclude Taikang. Taikang died, helped Zhong Kang to ascend to the throne, and still lived in Zhuan Xu. He was killed by his cronies Han Zhuo. Where is the perfusion bottle? There are different opinions at present. "On Mandarin Zhou Yu" says: "In the past, Iraq and Luo exhausted, but Xia died." Prove that the bottle is in Ilo district. "Biography of Sun Tzu Wu Qi in Historical Records" said: "Xia Jie's residence is near the river on the left and Taihua on the right, with a que in the south and a narrow intestine in the north." Luoyang is in this position. During the period of 1959, China Institute of Archaeology conducted archaeological excavations in Erlitou, Yanshi, Luoyang, and found Erlitou area as a large-scale capital site, named Erlitou culture. According to the determination of carbon 14, its absolute age is equivalent to Xia dynasty, more than 4000 years ago. It was a large capital of the Xia Dynasty. The total area is 3.75 square kilometers. There are large palace ruins inside. Archaeologists believe that Erlitou cultural site is the capital site of Xia Dynasty, that is, the location of Xia Du Chuan. In the Xia Dynasty, three emperors, Taikang, Zhong Kang and Xia Jie, all established their capitals here. "Imperial Century" records: Taikang reigned for 29 years. According to Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Zhong Kang was in office for 52 years, and the Xia Dynasty devoted itself to 94 years.