At the beginning of the century, the security environment around China continued to undergo profound and complex changes. The existence and development of favorable and unfavorable factors make the surrounding security environment generally stable and locally turbulent. At the same time, the surrounding security environment is quite different in geographical direction, showing different trends such as "the land is stable and the sea is tight", "the north is stable and the south is harmonious, and the east is tight and the west is moving". Among the external factors, the United States has become the most important factor affecting the security environment around China.

The security environment around China refers to the security conditions and situation that China faces around its territory, that is, the security situation around China and the interests of China and neighboring countries in the security field. The surrounding security environment is an important part of the international environment facing China, and it is also the most direct and main external factor that affects China's national security and development. After entering the 2 1 century, the security environment around China has continued to undergo profound and complex changes, and the factors conducive to peace and stability have been further strengthened. Factors that are not conducive to peace and stability still exist and intensify from time to time, showing the obvious characteristics of coexistence of opportunities and challenges. Maintaining a peaceful and stable surrounding security environment still has a long way to go.

1. The surrounding security environment is generally stable with local turbulence.

First of all, the security pattern in the Asia-Pacific region has maintained relatively stable development. The United States, Japan, China, Russia, ASEAN and India are the six major forces that determine the security pattern in the Asia-Pacific region. They all play an important role in Asia-Pacific security affairs, forming a complex strategic relationship that is both cooperative and mutually restrictive, and forming an overall pattern of Asia-Pacific security with "one superpower and many strengths" and cooperation and checks and balances.

Secondly, China's good-neighborly and friendly relations with neighboring countries have been comprehensively promoted. In recent years, China has established various types of partnerships with neighboring countries and established the basic framework for developing mutual relations in the new century. The report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward the policy of "being good neighbors and partners", which further consolidated the neighboring good-neighborly and friendly relations.

Third, multilateral security mechanisms to promote regional stability are constantly developing. The ASEAN Regional Forum is the most important official multilateral security dialogue and cooperation mechanism in East Asia. At present, its member countries have grown to 23, including all countries and regions in East Asia. The forum has set three-stage development goals of confidence-building measures, preventive diplomacy and conflict resolution mechanism, which has played a positive role in promoting the process of multilateral security cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region and promoting peace and stability in Southeast Asia and the Asia-Pacific region.

While maintaining overall stability, there are still some unstable factors and security challenges in the security environment around China, showing a local turbulent situation. This is mainly manifested in the following three aspects:

First, there are two hot spots in the confrontation between the Korean Peninsula and India and Pakistan.

Second, the United States and Japan strengthened their military alliance and Japan accelerated its military expansion.

The third is to face the real threat of terrorism.

2. The surrounding security environment is different in geographical direction.

China is a vast country, bordering the Pacific Ocean in the east and the hinterland of Asia in the west, surrounded by Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia and Central Asia respectively. 2/kloc-0 At the beginning of the 20th century, the security situation around China has its own advantages and differences in the dynamic development, thus showing horizontal differences and vertical variability.

First, land border territorial disputes have been continuously resolved, and maritime rights and interests disputes have become more prominent.

Second, the security risks and threats facing the ocean direction are more serious than those facing the land direction.

3。 The United States has become the most important external factor affecting the surrounding security environment.

Neighboring countries and powerful and influential foreign countries are the basic factors that affect the security environment around China. During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union jointly constituted the most important factor affecting the security around China. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, its successor, Russia, retreated to the northern part of China, that is, the line from Northeast Asia to Central Asia, while the United States, as the only superpower in the world, further increased its influence on the security around China and became the most important external factor affecting the security environment around China.

It can be seen that in the face of the new century and new stage and a very unsettled world, we must enhance our sense of hardship. Hold high the banner of patriotism and socialism, do a good job in ethnic work, religious work and overseas Chinese affairs, strengthen unity with democratic parties and personages without party affiliation, adhere to the principle of "one country, two systems", consolidate and develop the broadest patriotic United front, and strengthen the great unity of the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country; Carry forward the fine traditions of national culture, carry forward and cultivate the national spirit, and constantly enhance the attraction and appeal of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture. Only? Only in this way can all positive factors be mobilized, so that the Chinese nation can have strong material and spiritual strength, enhance national cohesion and safeguard the peace and security of the motherland.