Hawking graduated from Oxford University and Trinity College, Cambridge University with a Ph.D.. After studying at night in college, I began to suffer from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and paraplegia. He overcame the difficulties of the disabled and joined any researcher at gonville and Caius College of Cambridge University in 1965. In the meantime, he is studying the origin of the universe. The universe is a famous theory of "infinite density" from the beginning. 1969, he was appointed as a researcher and won the Outstanding Scientific Achievement Award of gonville and Caius College. 1972 conducted research work at the Institute of Astronomy, Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Cambridge University. 1975, appointed as a senior lecturer. During this period, 1974, he was elected as the youngest member of the Royal Society.
Hawking's fame in black hole research began with his masterpiece "A Short Historical Time: From BIGBANG to Black Hole", which was an important step from black hole research to the unification of Einstein's theory of relativity and Planck's quantum theory in the 20th century. Explore the origin and destiny of the universe. Physics awards, Albert Einstein Award and Wolf Award, 1978 and 1988, 1989 won Hawking the honorary title of British Jazz. He is a member of the Royal Society and a foreign academician of the National Academy of Sciences.
Hawking lost his language ability in 1985, and the only tool to express his thoughts was a computer speech synthesizer. Only a few fingers manipulate a special mouse to choose letters to make sentences on the computer screen, and then play the sound through the computer. Generally, it takes 5 or 6 minutes to make a sentence, and it takes 10 day to synthesize an hour of recorded speech.
/& gt； Space-large-scale structure (1973, merged), general relativity: Einstein's centenary review (1979, co-edited), hyperspace and supergravity (198 1), early universe (65438).
/& gt； 1990 divorced and married a 25-year-old wife, Jane Wilde. 1On September 6th, 995, Hawking married his nurse Elaine Mei Sen. Hawking has three children.
1985 invited to visit China. China attended the International Congress of Mathematicians in August 2002. On June 5th, 2006, Hawking gave a public lecture entitled "The Origin of the Universe" at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. On June 19, Hawking gave an academic report at the opening ceremony of the 2006 International Conference on String Theory in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.
Stephen william hawking1942 was born in Oxford University, England. He graduated from Oxford University and Cambridge University successively, and obtained his doctorate and university philosophy from Cambridge University in England. The reason is that he has been in a wheelchair for 46 years, because at the age of 2 1, he unfortunately suffered from muscular atrophy caused by Luger's disease. Voice, question and answer can only be done by a voice synthesizer. Professor of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Cambridge University, the most important general relativity and cosmologist, one of the great men enjoying international reputation in this century, known as the greatest scientist in the world, also known as the "King of the Universe"1942 65438+1October 8, was born in Oxford, England. When Huo Hao was born, it was the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death. In 1970s, together with Penrose, they proved the famous singularity theorem, for which they both won the Wolf Prize in Physics of 1988. Therefore, he is called the most famous Einstein scientific thinker and the most outstanding theoretical physicist in the world. He also proved the area theorem of black holes, that is, with the increase of time, the area of black holes? There is no reduction. This is the domain of natural persons? Entropy and thermodynamics of black holes. 1973, he considered the quantum effect near the black hole and found that the radiation emitted by the black hole is like a black body, and the temperature of the radiation is inversely proportional to the mass of the black hole, so that the black hole will slowly radiate less and the temperature will be high, which is really the end of the explosion at the last moment. The discovery of black hole radiation has a very basic significance that its gravity, quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics are unified.
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Stephen. Hawking 1942 1 was born in Oxford University, England. This is a special day. Galileo, the founder of modern science, died on the same day.
Stephen Hawking, a graduate student from Cambridge University and Oxford University, was diagnosed with Luger's disease and soon became completely paralyzed. 1985 Hawking underwent tracheal surgery for pneumonia. After that, he can't talk. The speaker is installed in a wheelchair with a small dialogue machine and a voice synthesizer. Reading must rely on this open page to read the literature. Every page was spread out on a big table, and then he read page by page in a wheelchair like a camel eating mulberry leaves. ......
Incredibly, Hawking is hardly recognized by the world as a giant of gravitational physics. Newton's black hole evaporation theory and quantum cosmology not only shocked natural science, philosophy and religion, but also had a far-reaching impact after he served as Professor Hawking of Cambridge University as Lucasian.
Hawking's outstanding contribution to the development of quantum cosmology, from the singularity of BIGBANG to the radiation mechanism of black holes. His goal is to solve the first thrust that has plagued mankind since Newton. His model of the universe is a closed four-dimensional space with a limited number of boundaries-it doesn't need the thrust of God, and it depends entirely on the evolution of the universe by the laws of physics.
What is intriguing is the fact of Stephen Hawking's world view, so God still salutes him in the Vatican without his salary. College, Vatican admits the wrong Galileo experiment chose an academician of Hawking College. Secular prejudice and theological authority did not stop the spread of science.
The basic idea of the origin and destiny of the universe can be understood by people without mathematical statements and professional training. In his popular speech, he vividly explained to the audience that it is difficult to "travel in time" at the speed of light from a black hole to a "white hole" in another cosmic region. It is interesting science fiction, but reality is condensed truth. In April, 1988 was officially published. After several years of diligent writing, editing and cosmology, the popular science book A Brief History of Time was published. The book guides readers to surf the Internet in the strange field of outer space, exploring distant galaxies, black holes, quarks, grand unified theory, "seasoning" particles and "rotating" particles, antimatter and "arrow of time". A brief history of time has been published in 33 languages? In the west, 5.5 million people who claim to be educated have not read this book and will be looked down upon.
Hawking was diagnosed as terminally ill by the doctor and could only live for two years. He has been able to support today and achieved great success. Most importantly, he has a strong sense of mission and a very strong will. Hawking's life is a record of human willpower and a miracle created by scientific spirit.
My lifelong wish is to be an ordinary person.
So many stephen hawking have proved the existence of BIGBANG and black holes, but his life has proved another more important thing-he is an ordinary person and has become a weak "cripple" trapped in a wheelchair. However, it turns out that even when he found that "black holes are all black", he was surprised himself-how to become an outstanding "Superman"?
So, on August 1 1, he collapsed in a wheelchair and rolled out of the expressionless elevator on the second floor of Shangri-La Hotel in Hangzhou. Hawking seems reluctant to ignite in front of countless flashlights. Almost like Einstein, the greatest physicist since the superstar era in Pudong International Airport, he closed his eyes and was chased by the media because of his last choice, although the enthusiastic "time history lovers" around him were blocked out. He would rather think quietly about the fate of the universe.
Maybe this is Stephen Hawking's world. Hawking once said that he clearly remembered coming home late from London one day when he was a child. "At that time, in order to save money, all the lights in the street were turned off in the middle of the night. I walked on the road and never saw the whole galaxy seem to be overhead." In this regard, his mother said, "Seeing that children like to look at the stars in the sky, they are even more curious to know." Hawking even said, "Even if I am exposed to an abandoned desert island, I would rather have no lights, because then I can see the stars."
Until the age of 22, Hawking was diagnosed with Luger's disease and motor nerve atrophy, and he had only a few years to live. It gradually became a belief that he wanted to live like an ordinary person. Even if the body can't move, the beloved girl gets married, she must have a job, and you must finish your doctorate in Cambridge first, so even if you lose a singularity, the Big Bang theory of the origin of space. Speaking of it, in order to pay his daughter's tuition, he will earn a little money, so there will be sales comparable to the Bible and Shakespeare's The Short Time of History. Hawking, who can be imagined as 1, widely spreads scientific achievements, but wants to prove that he is the original intention of ordinary people.
It's just that every time Hawking tries to prove that they are ordinary people, the result is much higher than he expected. After the massive star collapsed into a singularity, the oil ran out and the lamp dried up. So, is it reversed in this process? Did the universe come into being from the Singularity Big Bang? Since it is the gravity between celestial bodies, the existing gravitational light will be absorbed by the black hole. Hawking's strange black hole theory "accidentally" touched the nerve of theoretical physics.
Celestial matter is suitable for Einstein's general theory of relativity, and quantum mechanics is suitable for microscopic particles, but they cannot be unified. Hawking's singularity theory is just a unified "infinitely small material explosion celestial body". He predicted that at the end of the last century, this theory of "great unity" would eventually be discovered-perhaps with only a few simple equations, human understanding of the universe would reach its limit and theoretical physics would come to an end. When a reporter asked Hawking, his assistant
However, 20 years later, his prediction did not come true. He said, "I think Stephen Hawking thinks he is wrong." It can't be said that Hawking stopped winking at reporters, but grinned directly at the agreed smile. It took him a long time to answer with onomatopoeia, "Science is something I know but I can't predict"-finally, he failed to predict the "success" of the world, which proved that he was an ordinary person.
"Keep quiet, the boss is sleeping."
No one who sees Hawking can bear to disturb him. Genius. Despite his psychological preparation, the reporter saw that he was still deeply moved at that moment for 40 years. Luger's disease, his body is completely deformed: his head can only be tilted to his right shoulder, his left hand and his low right hand are tightly clamped inside, holding a palm-sized keyboard to imitate the sound, and his feet are twisted into an S shape, so I took pictures at 10. As long as I smile, it will soon become ".
The magical onomatopoeia of dozens of photography barrels at the scene looks completely different from ordinary LCD computers. The reporter sneaked behind him. Hawking's sorting is to choose onomatopoeia in alphabetical order, but the combination of logical order, such as selecting or coordinating conjunctions, becomes one group and another. Hawking used it to choose words, pronounce words, and finally press the key. The computer-synthesized voice represents speech.
Even if he knew the reporter's question in advance, Hawking's answer was surprisingly slow. The reporter could hardly see his fingers pressing the keyboard. He never seemed to move. There was only silence at the scene, demanding numerous times to see Hawking's body, American accent and ears, until suddenly there came some slightly weird British sounds, American ideas, Nordic accents and Irish accents. His answer is very short, often very long 10 minutes ago, which is just a simple sentence for SVO. Less than an hour later, Hawking's face was exhausted, and the reporter even saw him boring the reporter from the keyboard, and the screen flashed.
Lucas Hawking of Cambridge University, as chairman from 1980, gained insight into the universe from a wheelchair. Perhaps it is easier and more comfortable for him to work alone in quiet reflection in Cambridge than to go to church all day. In a wheelchair, Hawking goes to the office every day and walks through a long corridor. All the portraits of Newton, including Professor Lucas, are neatly hung on a row of French windows in Hawking's office. There is usually a raft hanging on the door of the office, which says, "Please keep quiet, the boss is sleeping."
This may not be true-Hawking just doesn't want outsiders to disturb him. He must sit in this comfortable house with high ceiling, work quietly in front of the computer for several hours and gallop in his own universe. About two or three potted plants are pictures of three children. Every day 16: 00, he will talk about the graduating students with the help of nurses. They had a coffee break and exchanged views on the universe. Hawking cocked his head and his cheek was lifted by the nurse so that the tea wouldn't leak out. Sometimes, his glasses will slide down his nose, but if students question his theory, he will grin at once.
At the very least, Hawking's excuse of "the boss is sleeping" is the freest. Just like Shakespeare's words, named after his own book-"Even in the shell, I still think I am the king of infinite space," Hawking told reporters. "I found the real universe, which is even more attractive than what the Star Wars reporter asked him. If you want to go into space, you must study physics first. "
Willing to go to a desert island requiem
In addition to research, Hawking's answer seems to be faster. "I love life, music and family, and I get a lot of fun from it." Outside the universe, music is his own destiny. So far, the most successful interview about Hawking was the "Desert Island Album" program on Christmas 1992, which was then the BBC. This program asks individual interviewees to assume that they can only choose eight photo albums on a desert island. Only this time, Hawking answered the question for the first time, rarely saying a simple sentence-this involves music, in his words, "Once the coffin is opened. Hawking likes Wagner's music. He said: "I have been in love with Wagner since 1963, when I was diagnosed with Luger's disease. Wagner's dark and harmonious enlightenment mood suits my mood very well. " He even took pains to repeat Wagner's The Lord of the Rings-you know, normal people also spend a lot of time, not to mention choosing words.
However, if that's all, he chose the album, and he said he would choose Mozart's Requiem. On the birthday of 15, I got Mozart's 200-hour CD. Now I often listen to my favorite Mozart requiem before I die. If I can only take one album to a desert island, I will take it with me until I hear the date when DISCMAN's battery is dead. "