Ming. In ancient times, words carved on objects to warn themselves or describe merits were called "Ming". Inscriptions carved on the tablet and placed on the right side of the case for self-defense, such as Liu Yuxi's "Humble Room Ming", are called "mottos". An epitaph is carved on a stone tablet to describe the life of the deceased and praise the memory. Such as Han Yu's epitaph of Liu Zihou.
Travel notes Travel notes are a form of prose that describes travel experiences. Travel notes have a wide range of materials, which can describe the beauty of famous mountains and rivers, record the peculiar richness of local customs, reflect the daily life of a person and a family, and also record the major events of a country and express the author's thoughts and feelings. The style of writing is relaxed, vivid and informative, which gives people rich social knowledge and a good feeling. Travel notes are argumentative essays, such as Yueyang Tower and You Bao Chan. There are scientific ones, such as the Three Gorges in Li Daoyuan; Some are lyrical, such as Liu Zongyuan's The Story of Little Stone Pond.
Original. The original intention is the ancient argumentative style. This style is a fundamental investigation and discussion of a certain theory, proposition, political system or social custom, and it is highly theoretical. Such as Han Yu's Original Extinction and Huang Zongxi's Original King.
Preface Stylistic name. In ancient times, poetry was used to bid farewell, which was called the preface of giving and answering. For example, Han Yu's Preface to Sending Stones to Chu Shi: "Therefore, all Dudong people ... hence the name" Six Rhymes of Songs and Poems ",which is sent to the preface cloud. After that, all articles that bid farewell to others without poems are also called preface, and the content is often praise, praise or encouragement. We studied Song Lian's Preface to Send Ma Sheng to Yang in the Ming Dynasty.
An article read in memory of the dead or gods such as heaven, earth, mountains and water. There are two genres: verse and prose. The content is to remember the main experience of the deceased before his death, to praise his main moral character and career, to mourn and to inspire the living. Such as Yuan Mei's "Sister-in-law".
Fairy tales. A children's literature. Through rich imagination, fantasy and exaggeration to shape characters, reflect life and educate children ideologically. Fairy tale language is easy to understand, vivid and vivid, with bizarre plot and full of interest. The description of natural scenery is often anthropomorphic, which can adapt to children's psychology and interest, stimulate people's imagination and facilitate children's acceptance and transformation. Fairy tales selected as teaching materials are: Andersen's The Emperor's New Clothes and Ye Shengtao's The Stone Statue of Ancient Heroes.
Preface and postscript. Foreword is also called "preface" or "introduction", just like today's "introduction" and "preface", it is an article that explains the intention, arrangement style and author of writing or publishing a book. It can also include comments on writers' works and research on related issues. "Preface" is usually written in front of a book or article (some are listed in the back, such as "Preface to Historical Records"), and those listed in the back of the book are called "Postscript" or "Postscript". This kind of article belongs to expository or argumentative according to the content, and it is expository that explains the writing purpose, style and content. Comments on the author's works or explanations are argumentative. The prefaces we have studied are: the preface to Scream, the preface to Rural Investigation, the postscript to the South Record of Returning to Germany, and the Biography of Lingguan.
Debate. "Debate" is to argue about right and wrong, not true and false. This style is characterized by refuting a wrong argument or discriminating some facts. For example, Han Yu's Debate on Taboo and Liu Zongyuan's Debate on Dong Xiong.
Miscellaneous notes include: (1) miscellaneous notes on mountains and rivers, scenery and personnel. Descriptions of mountains and rivers, scenery and people, such as "Little Stone Pond" and "Mount Tai". (2) Precautions. Mainly notes, characterized by short length, about 1000 words; Rich in content, there are historical anecdotes, heritages, literary essays, people's essays, science novels, textual research, reading miscellaneous notes and so on. Shi Shuo Xin Yu and Meng Qian Bi Tan are such styles.
Commemorate. Ancient ministers collectively went to court. Including play, discussion, reconciliation, expression, countermeasures and so on. "The article has a body order": "Before the Seven Kingdoms, it was all called the early Qin Dynasty. There are four kinds of ceremonies in Han dynasty: one is to say thank you; Second, fight, in order to crush it; Three expressions of feelings; Four days of deliberation, there is deliberation. "
Folk stories. The literary form formed by the oral creation of the masses has been passed down orally and has been continuously revised and processed by many people. The characteristics of folk stories: strong story and vivid plot; Spoken, simple and lively; Imagination is strange and rich; Often use exaggeration and metaphor, which has a strong artistic appeal. In content, it comes from the people and mainly reflects the folk life. Some folk stories often have mythical fantasy plots and are full of magical colors. For example: fisherman's story, Cowherd and Weaver Girl, etc.
Go ahead. The floorboard of ancient argumentative articles. And "On" is not much different, so later collectively referred to as essays on reasoning and analysis. Preface of article analysis: "Speaker, interpreter, explain meaning, and explain with your own meaning." We have studied this genre of articles: teacher's comments, horse's comments, young chinese's comments, snake catching comments and Huang Sheng's comments on borrowing books.
Novel: Novel is a literary genre, which mainly depicts characters and reflects social life through complete stories and environmental descriptions. Character, plot and environment are the three elements of a novel.