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Urban economy is the emergence, development and integration of urban and rural areas. The economic discipline and rules of the whole region are to develop economic relations.
Since the 20th century, especially after the Second World War, a large number of rural people have flooded into cities around the world, the scale of cities has expanded rapidly, and the economic structure of cities has also undergone major changes. These changes have brought a series of social and economic problems to the city, such as population growth, increasing unemployment, the gap between the rich and the poor, traffic jams, housing shortages, high land prices and environmental degradation. Some economists and sociologists went to explore the root causes of these problems and seek solutions. Cities began to be analyzed as a whole system, and urban economics came into being.
At the beginning of the 20th century, German scholars began to study urban problems. Sociologist Max Weber published the first part of In the Original Position, industrial location theory, at 1909. Urban research has also been carried out in the United States. 1924, Fett published an article on Law in the Field of Market Economy in Economic Quarterly, discussing the location of the city.
By the end of World War II, the city has become a regional economic problem, and economics is a relatively independent and very important element. The research scope involves urban real estate market, differential rent, land price, rational land use, enterprise layout, spatial distance and transportation cost, etc.