Graphene is a kind of carbon material with two-dimensional honeycomb lattice structure composed of single-layer carbon atoms. Since its discovery in 2004, it has attracted great attention from researchers because of its excellent electrical, thermal, optical and mechanical properties. In recent years, the research of graphene composites has become the focus of attention. In this paper, various metal oxides and metal hydroxide/(oxidized) graphene composites were prepared by electrostatic attraction mechanism and metal ion combination with graphite oxide as precursor. These complexes were characterized and their photocatalytic and electrochemical properties were studied. The main contents are as follows: 1. Taking advantage of the characteristic that graphite oxide is easy to form negatively charged graphene oxide by ultrasonic stripping in solution, ZnO nanoparticles and graphene oxide were successfully compounded by rapid precipitation method in water-ethanol medium to obtain ZnO/ graphene oxide nanocomposites (GO-ZnO). In the experiment of photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, it was found that the photocatalytic degradation effect of GO-ZnO nanocomposites was good, and the degradation amount reached 92%. 2. Graphene-loaded zinc oxide nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by solvothermal method using graphite oxide as precursor in ethylene glycol medium. At the same time of in-situ nucleation and growth of ZnO nanocrystals, the solvent ethylene glycol in the reaction system is also used as a reducing agent to reduce graphene oxide at high temperature and remove a large number of oxygen-containing groups on its surface, thus forming zinc oxide-graphene nanocomposites.