Harness the mountains first, harness the water and promote the forest. In July and August this year, at the end of the 20th century, China suffered a once-in-a-century catastrophic flood, which attracted worldwide attention. This catastrophic flood in the Yangtze River basin and Northeast China, which lasted for more than two months, affected 28 provinces in China, and the direct economic loss exceeded 1000 billion yuan. After the flood receded, many people of insight clearly pointed out that the dominant factor of this catastrophic flood was climate, and the important factors were the decrease of forest vegetation, the decline of ecological function, and the serious sediment deposition in the river bed caused by soil erosion. China has two idioms related to mountains and rivers: entering barren land and running out of water. Poor mountains must have rotten water, and poor mountains must have drought. If the mountains are bare everywhere, floods and droughts will come frequently. Now, the people in the disaster areas have begun to rebuild their homes, and at the same time set off a flood control boom. But fundamentally speaking, the first thing to control water is to control mountains, and water control and mountain control are the relationship between palliative and permanent cure. Entering the barren land and running out of water is a disastrous causal relationship, while the beautiful mountains and rivers and abundant water are another kind of causal relationship for human beings. How to manage this mountain? From the important causes of this flood, we can get a cure for the flood: increasing forest vegetation and improving the ecological environment. The key is to manage and promote forests according to law. First of all, we should vigorously cultivate forest resources, build green barriers and improve the ecological environment. On April 29th this year, the new Forest Law adopted at the second session of the Ninth the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) stipulated in Article 8, paragraph 1, that "the forest shall be cut by quota, afforestation shall be encouraged, and the mountain shall be closed to facilitate afforestation, so as to expand the forest coverage area." Article 26 stipulates: "People's governments at all levels should formulate afforestation plans according to local conditions and set the goal of improving forest coverage in their own areas." "People's governments at all levels shall organize all walks of life and urban and rural residents to complete the tasks set by the greening plan." Since 1987 1 month, the Party Committee and People's Government of the Autonomous Region made the Decision on Protecting Forests, Developing Forestry and Strive for Basic Greening of Guangxi in Fifteen Years, the whole region has set off an upsurge of planting trees and cultivating forest resources, and new achievements have been made in forestry construction. 1994, 1997 afforestation has reached the standard. This is a good start. 1997, after the establishment of the new party group of the Forestry Bureau of the Autonomous Region, it began to organize and implement key ecological projects with "Pearl River Basin Shelterbelt System Project, Rocky Mountain Closing Hills for Afforestation Project, Coastal Shelterbelt System Project, Desertification Control and Afforestation Project, Plain Greening Project, Biological Fireproof Forest Belt Afforestation Project, Urban Environmental Greening Project and Green Passage Afforestation Project" as the main body, which was affirmed by the leaders of the State Forestry Administration and the Autonomous Region. This is an important measure to consolidate the achievements of afforestation and improve the quality of forests in our region. In the future, afforestation in our region should be built as a project. The task before us is very arduous. Therefore, after afforestation reaches the standard, don't relax your mind, work less, invest less in afforestation projects, and cultivate forest resources according to law. The state-owned barren hills and wasteland suitable for afforestation shall be organized by the competent forestry department and other competent departments for afforestation; Belong to the collective, afforestation by collective economic organizations. On both sides of railways and highways, on both sides of rivers and around lakes and reservoirs, relevant competent units shall organize afforestation according to local conditions; The unit should be responsible for the greening of industrial and mining areas, government agencies, schools, military camps and farms, farms and fishing grounds. This is clearly stipulated in the new forest law. We must cultivate forest resources according to law. Not only the forestry system should plant trees, but all sectors of society should also plant trees within their respective responsibilities, forming a pattern of running forestry in the whole society and cultivating forest resources by the whole people. Forestry has the dual mission of improving the ecological environment and promoting economic development, and has three major ecological, economic and social benefits. Scientific research shows that forests have good functions of intercepting, buffering and storing rainwater. Forests change the distribution ratio of natural precipitation through canopy interception, litter absorption, soil water storage and infiltration, thus reducing flood detention water. A basic rain of more than 50 mm is easily swallowed by the forest; The construction of 50,000 mu of forest is equivalent to the construction of a reservoir with a storage capacity of 6.5438 million cubic meters. Therefore, vigorously cultivating forest resources is an important content of mountain management and a fundamental measure of water control. Secondly, relying on science and technology to develop forestry and increase resources. Over the years, Guangxi forestry science and technology has made great achievements in promoting forestry development and improving the scientific and technological content in forestry production and construction. Starting from 199 1, Guangxi formulated and implemented the Outline of Guangxi Forestry Science and Technology Development, which developed technical research and pilot tests of new products, new processes and new technologies into production and formed new productive forces. The comprehensive technical development of short-term industrial timber forest varieties hosted by the Forestry Technology Extension Station of the autonomous region covers 4 counties (cities, districts) in the whole region. Improved varieties were built in 65,438+0-65,438+0, and the average annual growth per mu in 996 * * was 65,438+0.26 cubic meters, which was a conventional variety. During the implementation of the project, 30 improved varieties were developed, applied and popularized according to scientific and technological achievements, and the experimental research 10 was completed. The project is leading in China and has reached the international advanced level. The forest volume of this project is 96.5438+0.5 million cubic meters, the total timber output is 6.86 million cubic meters, the output value is 65.438+0.92 billion yuan, the annual profit and tax increase is 200 million yuan, and the input-output ratio is l:3.5. This project won the second prize of Guangxi Science and Technology Progress Award from 65438 to 0997, the second prize of scientific and technological achievements, and was awarded by the Party Committee and government of the autonomous region. Over the years, Guangxi forestry technology extension system has also developed greatly. By the end of 1995, there were four forestry technology extension stations at the autonomous region, prefecture and county levels 104, with a promotion rate of 96%. Since 1994, with the approval of the Ministry of Forestry, Liuzhou City has been established as "experimental demonstration area of forestry science and technology development of the Ministry of Forestry", Cangwu County and Bobai County have been established as "demonstration counties of forestry science and technology", and Paiyangshan Forest Farm has been established as "forestry"

Supplement to the respondents of the report 2009-06- 13 19:45 Science and Technology Forestry Demonstration Site. "But on the whole, the level of developing forests through science and technology in our region is still not high. The existing state-owned forest farm in Qiaoqu is17.25 million mu, and the forest area is11340,000 mu. 19 produced wood 1635700 cubic meters, in addition to 7685 edible rosin and 15800 cubic meters of fiberboard, creating flowers. Wood chips export 1 10000, and the total annual output value reaches10.75 million yuan (current price). Loss-making forest farms 1 16, with a loss of 76%. The net loss after breakeven was 87.62 million yuan. This shows that our forestry science and technology responsibility is low, and we must increase the intensity of promoting forestry through science and technology in the future. Article 6 of the Forest Law stipulates: "The State encourages forestry scientific research, popularizes advanced forestry technology and improves the level of forestry science and technology. "In the future, the focus of our region will be to do a good job in forestry application technology of ecological environment construction, cutting and cultivation technology of fast-growing and high-yield industrial raw material forests in short rotation period, construction technology of fire-proof forest belts, popularization and application of afforestation technology in rocky mountainous areas and integrated pest control technology. Relying on science and technology to promote forests and increase forest resources. Third, we must strengthen the protection and management of forest land according to law. Article 19 of the new forest law stipulates: "local people's governments at all levels shall organize relevant departments to establish forest protection organizations to be responsible for forest protection work; According to the actual needs, increase forest protection facilities in large-scale forest areas and strengthen forest protection. Article 23 stipulates: "Deforestation, quarrying, sand mining, earth borrowing and other acts of deforestation are prohibited. "In early August this year, the State Council decided in the Emergency Notice on Protecting Forest Resources and Stopping Deforestation and Occupation of Woodlands:" All reclamation activities in state-planned arbor woodlands, shrub woodlands, sulfur woodlands, bamboo woodlands, uncultivated woodlands, deforested woodlands, burned woodlands, seedling woodlands and other suitable woodlands, no matter in what name and in what way, no matter what level of approval of local governments and departments,

In June 2009, the supplementary report of respondents was stopped-13 19: 45. ""It is necessary to strengthen the organization and leadership of forest land protection, put forest land in the same important position as land consolidation, and attach great importance to forest land protection. "Woodland is a non-renewable resource, and woodland and trees are the most basic components of forest vegetation. Protecting and managing forest land is the most basic requirement for protecting and managing forest resources. However, in recent years, the phenomenon of illegal expropriation and occupation of forest land in our region is serious. According to the survey, 1995 accounted for 55.53% of the land area, and 1995 decreased to 53.4%. In the past five years, the area of forestry land has decreased by 7.55 million mu, with an average annual decrease of 1 10,000 mu. Since 1992, the forest land of state-owned forest farms in the whole region has been illegally occupied1830,000 mu, which seriously threatens the living space of state-owned forest farms. Protecting and managing forest land according to law is an urgent task in our region at present, and it is also the most basic requirement for managing mountains and promoting forests. According to the relevant provisions of the Forest Law and the spirit of the State Council's emergency notice on protecting forest resources and stopping deforestation, the Forestry Bureau of the autonomous region has made five provisions in combination with the actual situation in Guangxi: First, all localities should take effective measures to immediately stop all deforestation and land occupation; The second is to organize a working group to thoroughly investigate the situation of deforestation and land occupation in the jurisdiction, deal with the responsible units and responsible persons in accordance with relevant regulations, and report statistics by sugarcane planting, grain planting, capital construction and resettlement before the end of this year. Third, make plans and measures for returning farmland to forests in time; Fourth, strengthen law enforcement, and investigate and deal with major cases and deforestation in a timely manner, regardless of the level and personnel involved, and investigate and deal with them severely, quickly and strictly, and hold them accountable according to law; Fifth, the forest right certificate is the legal certificate of forest land and trees. Anyone who issues forest ownership certificates must resolutely safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of forest land and forest owners and operators, and severely crack down on illegal acts of occupying state-owned forest land. Protecting and managing forest land trees is the premise of cultivating forest resources; Improving the scientific and technological content of forestry production and construction is an effective guarantee for cultivating high-quality forest resources; Vigorously cultivating forest resources is the basis of developing forests, managing mountains and controlling water. In short, when the land is all green, the flood will be fine. Article 7 of the new Forest Law stipulates: "The state protects the legitimate rights and interests of forest farmers, lightens their burdens according to law, prohibits illegal fees and fines from forest farmers, and prohibits apportionment and compulsory fund-raising from forest farmers. The state protects the legitimate rights and interests of collective and individual contracted afforestation. "China's forest area is a compound forest area, and the forest land in the forest area belongs to the state and the collective. The main users of forest land are the state, collectives and individual farmers, especially in the southern collective forest areas. Therefore, the development of forestry, in addition to national investment and construction, most provinces and regions rely on collectives and individual forest farmers. Their enthusiasm for investing in forestry is related to the rise and fall of forestry. The newly added seventh article is to consider this kind of forest situation in our country, in order to arouse the enthusiasm of farmers to develop forestry, raise the legitimate rights and interests of farmers to the legal status of state protection, and let farmers operate forestry with confidence. Forest farmers should have reasonable profits in afforestation, forest protection and forestry management, and fundamentally mobilize the enthusiasm of collective or individual forest farmers for stable and large-scale forestry management. There are many restrictions on investing and developing forestry. First, the investment cycle is long and the investment risk is high. Second, the benefits are diverse, and the economic benefits are only a part. Only this part of economic benefits can maintain forestry reproduction. Third, forest products are special commodities, and they cannot be withdrawn from the market at will like other ordinary commodities. These limitations restrict the development of forestry to some extent. If the state does not create an excellent forestry management environment for forest farmers in terms of policies, laws and regulations, and ensure that forest farmers can obtain reasonable profits from afforestation, afforestation and management to maintain forestry reproduction, forestry will not develop. In view of the unfavorable business factors existing in the transition period from planned economy to market economy, such as arbitrary charges, arbitrary apportionment, arbitrary fines and arbitrary fund-raising, the new forest law has made legal provisions to reduce the burden on forest farmers according to law, prohibit illegal charges and fines from forest farmers, prohibit apportionment from forest farmers and prohibit compulsory fund-raising, so as to optimize the forestry business environment, ensure forest farmers' profitability, get rid of poverty and get rich, and fundamentally mobilize their enthusiasm for developing forestry, so that they can gain benefits through developing forestry. The state protects the legitimate rights and interests of forest farmers, that is, protects the forest land use right and forest ownership obtained by forest farmers according to law. Whoever plants and owns forest land, who uses and manages forest land has the right to dispose of forest products, semi-finished products and finished products belonging to him according to law. This policy has been proved by decades of forestry practice, which is conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm of rural collectives and forest farmers to develop forestry. That is to say, under certain legal conditions, the right to use forest land and forest ownership can be inherited and transferred, and can be used as investors' shares for pricing. This has solved the long-standing problem of the top 20% of forest harvesting.