major function
The basic requirements of expository language are scientific, accurate, concise and clear; Literary discourse also requires vividness and vividness. Proper use of interpretation methods can improve the scientificity and accuracy of the interpretation language, make the object of interpretation more concrete and vivid, make readers understand more, enhance persuasion, and sometimes enhance readers' interest in reading and highlight the theme.
General classification
There are 10 commonly used interpretation methods, such as giving examples, quoting, classifying, enumerating numbers, comparing, listing charts, defining, explaining, comparing, imitating appearances, etc.
1. Example
Cite practical examples to explain things, make the things to be explained specific and make readers understand. This method of explanation is called example.
Benefits: Make the meaning of the article clearer and better understood by readers.
Example: Clouds can foretell the weather. For example, in Xinjiang, the appearance of clouds means rain. -"Looking at the weather from the clouds" (list the corresponding examples in a wide range)
For reference
In order to make the explanation more substantial and specific, we can quote some documents, poems, proverbs, famous sayings, etc., which can make the explanation more convincing. Benefits: Make the article more convincing. Reflect the accuracy of explanatory language. Quoting ancient poems: making expository writing more poetic.
Example: In the Tang Dynasty, it was said that it was "fantastic, and people don't know why". -"China Stone Arch Bridge" (which can increase the persuasiveness of the article)
Compare
Contrast method is an explanatory method to compare two kinds of things and phenomena in the same or different categories to illustrate the characteristics of things. Explain that some abstract or unfamiliar things can be compared with concrete or familiar things, so that readers can get a concrete and vivid impression through comparison. The characteristics of things often appear in comparison. When making a comparison, it can be a comparison of the same kind or a comparison of different kinds. Things can be compared horizontally or vertically.
Benefits: Highlight the characteristics of the object.
Example: When the Yongding River flooded, the water was very strong. In the past, the embankments on both sides of the river were often washed away, but nothing happened to this bridge, which shows its firmness. -"China Stone Arch Bridge" (highlighting the characteristics of the object of explanation. )
4. Column number
In order to specify the things to be explained, you can also use the method of enumerating numbers to make readers understand. It should be noted that the quoted figures must be accurate, and even the estimated figures must have reliable basis and be as approximate as possible.
Benefits: Explaining by enumerating figures can not only accurately and objectively reflect the facts, but also be very convincing.
For example, Zhao Zhouqiao is very majestic, with a total length of 50.82 meters, a width of 9.6 meters at both ends, and a narrow middle and a width of 9 meters. -"China Stone Arch Bridge" (accurately reflected)
classify
It is often difficult to explain the characteristics of things unilaterally. According to the similarities and differences of shapes, properties, causes and functions of things, things can be divided into several categories, and then explained one by one according to the categories. This method of explanation is called classification. Classification is an important way to explain complex things clearly. Sometimes it is necessary to explain the characteristics and essence of things from several aspects, which is also a classification.
Benefits: clear organization, clear at a glance.
For example, screens can be divided into gold screens, silver screens, gold screens, painted screens, stone screens, wooden screens, bamboo screens, and so on. Thus, there is a distinction between elegance and vulgarity in art, and it also reveals the different economic and cultural levels of users. -"Say" screen "(let readers know the types of screens. )
For example.
Comparing the similarities between two different things to highlight the shape characteristics of things and enhance the vividness and vividness of explanation is called analogy.
The explanation method of analogy in expository writing is consistent with metaphor and association in rhetoric. The difference is that there are similes, metaphors and metaphors in figurative rhetoric, while similes and metaphors are mostly used for description, while metaphors are inappropriate.
Benefits: abstract things become concrete, vivid and vivid.
Example: The bridge opening of the stone arch bridge is curved, just like a rainbow. -"China Stone Arch Bridge" can make the explained object vivid. )
Step 7 imitate
In order to make the explained object more vivid and concrete, we can imitate appearance, which is called "copy (mó) appearance".
Benefits: Make the object of explanation more vivid and specific.
Some of these stone lions are hugging their mother and son, some are whispering, some are listening to the sound of running water, and some are watching pedestrians. -"China Stone Arch Bridge" (makes the explanation more concrete and vivid. )
8. Provisions
Defining the essential characteristics of a concept with concise language and scientific terms is called definition. Definition can accurately reveal the essence of things.
Benefits: It can make people understand abstract words more clearly when reading.
Example: Overall planning method is a mathematical method to arrange the working process. -"overall planning method" (can accurately reveal the essence of things. )
Step 9 explain
From one side, make some general explanations about a certain characteristic of things. This method is called explanation.
Benefits: It enables readers to understand and recognize abstract words more clearly when reading.
A big arch has two small arches on each shoulder. This creative design not only saves stone and reduces the weight of the bridge, but also increases the water flow in the bridge hole and reduces the impact of flood on the bridge when the river surges. At the same time, add an arch on the arch to make the bridge more beautiful. -"China Stone Arch Bridge" makes readers understand the ingenuity of this design. )
10. Histogram
In order to explain very complicated things clearly, charts can be used to make up for the shortage of using only words and explain something more directly. More specific.
Benefits: people can see clearly.