Caofeidian is a strip-shaped sand island in the flat tide, which means "Dian" and "Shatuo". There used to be a Cao Fei Temple on the island, hence its name. The geological conditions of "deep trough facing the sea and shoal facing the land" make it a good place for natural harbor construction.
According to the geological survey, the shop head in Caofeidian extends 500 meters forward with a water depth of 25 meters, and the deep trough in front of Qian Dian has a water depth of 36 meters, which is the lowest point in Bohai Sea. To build a 300,000-ton large-scale deep-water wharf, there is no need to dig the channel, freeze or deposit; There are 150 square kilometers of tidal flats in the rear land area for development and utilization, which have the conditions to build an industrial port with large-scale port-facing industries such as steel and petrochemical. It can be said that Caofeidian is the last excellent port site in Bohai Bay to build a large-scale deep-water wharf.
In addition to the water depth advantage, Caofeidian's location advantage is also obvious. The island is 70km from Tianjin Port in the west, 60km from Jingtang Port in the east, 0/70km from Qinhuangdao Port/KLOC-,80km from Tangshan City in the north and 220km from Beijing. It is also connected with the transportation network extending in all directions in Tangshan, communicating the connection between Caofeidian and the "Three North" area in China, thus bringing the whole "Three North" area into its hinterland.
Professor Sun Qiusheng, former director of the Institute of Regional Economics of Tangshan Normal University, was the earliest scholar in the province who paid attention to Caofeidian. After visiting all the ports in Bohai Bay, he concluded in the article "Study on the Position and Comparative Advantage of Jingtang Port (Caofeidian Port Area) in the Development of Port Group System in Bohai Rim Region" from 65438 to 0996: "Caofeidian's natural conditions marked by water depth are unique in Bohai Rim region; Its hinterland area and collection and distribution system are bigger and better than other ports around Bohai Sea. There is a large area of tidal flat on the shore of Caofeidian, which has a certain distance from the mother city, providing a broad space for its development. "
In addition, in terms of port distribution, there are currently four deep-water ports in China, three of which are located in the south of the Yangtze River estuary, and there is only one Dalian port on the northern coastline. Caofeidian, with its unparalleled water depth advantage and Bohai Bay location advantage, should become another good port for modern large and super-large ships to dock north of the Yangtze River estuary. "There are deep troughs facing the sea, shoals facing the land and large oil fields underground" is the most obvious natural geographical feature of Caofeidian. The undeveloped land in Caofeidian New District is about 1 1,000 square kilometers, which can fully meet the development and utilization in the next 80- 1 1,000 years. These hardwares provide unique advantages for the construction of large-scale deep-water ports and the development of port-facing industries, and are praised as "golden treasures" by General Secretary Hu Jintao. Eight of the nine comrades of the 16th Central Standing Committee have been to Tangshan and Caofeidian.
Large-scale development and construction of Caofeidian is an important strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and Hebei provincial party committees and provincial governments to conform to the national energy and transportation development strategy, adjust and optimize the productivity layout and industrial structure of heavy chemical industry in northern China, accelerate the economic integration development around the Bohai Sea, and lead modern industries to take the road of circular economy.
Since 1992, the preliminary work of Caofeidian project has been completed, and more than 50 work achievements and scientific research projects have been completed successively. Sixty-five thousand academicians and more than three thousand experts and scholars were hired to repeatedly demonstrate, discuss and optimize the project, which provided a large number of scientific and detailed basis and qualitative conclusions for national scientific decision-making. Caofeidian Project has been listed as "No.1 Project" by Hebei Province and Tangshan City successively. In June 2005, it was listed as the first batch of pilot industrial parks to develop circular economy. In March 2006, it was included in the national "Eleventh Five-Year" development plan. The initial planning area of Caofeidian Industrial Zone is 3 10 square kilometers. Caofeidian Industrial Zone will be based on Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, backed by the "Three Norths" (North China, Northwest China and Northeast China), face the world, give full play to the advantages of geographical location, deep-water port, resource combination and backward industry, earnestly organize and implement the strategy of "promoting industry with port, building a city with heavy chemicals and interacting with port and city", and vigorously build modern port logistics, steel, petrochemical and petrochemical industries. Establish and improve the six basic support systems of transportation, water supply, power supply, communication, land use and environmental protection, and strive to build Caofeidian into a pioneering area of modern industry, a leading area of hinterland development, an innovative area of economic growth mode transformation, a highly open area in line with international standards and a circular economy demonstration area. The development and construction of Caofeidian New District in Tangshan is the largest project group during the 11th Five-Year Plan period (2006-20 10). The total investment of Tangshan Caofeidian New District (mainly Caofeidian Industrial Zone) will reach 200 billion yuan in the fifteen years before 2020, and the GDP of Tangshan Caofeidian New District will reach 10 in 20 10.
In September, 2008, the "One Session and Two Sessions" (the 11th Tangshan China Ceramics Expo, the Tangshan Caofeidian Harbor Industry International Cooperation Conference, and the 6th China Pingju Art Festival) were held in Tangshan City and Caofeidian International Convention Center respectively for the first time, and their scale and influence will be unprecedented. From 2008, Tangshan will build a well-known international ceramic exhibition and international investment cooperation platform facing the Bohai Sea and the world.
In 2008, Tangshan Caofeidian Port Industry International Cooperation Conference was held for the first time. The conference set up an international investment platform for Tangshan enterprises, domestic and foreign guests and merchants to seek the development of port-based industries. Tangshan Caofeidian Port Industry International Cooperation Conference was held in Tangshan Caofeidian Bohai International Conference Center. "The scale and future influence of this conference center can be compared with Boao in Hainan. After the completion of the conference center, there will be Boao in the south and Bohai International Conference Center in Caofeidian, Tangshan in the north, which will also become a very prominent international conference venue in the north. "
Since 2008, Tangshan has formed a modern large-scale infrastructure construction pattern focusing on the construction of "four major functional areas" (Caofeidian International Eco-city, Phoenix New City, Nanhu Eco-city and Airport City). Among them, Tangshan Caofeidian International Eco-City (Tangshan cooperates with Sweden, Italy, the Netherlands and Singapore, and only Shanghai Pudong Zhongying Eco-City can be compared with Tianjin Binhai New Area Sino-Singapore Eco-City) will be built into a world-class eco-city, port city, demonstration city, international city and central metropolis around Bohai Sea by 2020, which will be jointly built by Tangshan's intelligent people. In 2008, roads, water, electricity, communications and other supporting facilities have been implemented. In 2009, the new town will build 15 square kilometers of land. About 50 key projects, such as Binhai Avenue, Caofeidian Administrative Center, high-grade residential areas, various star-rated hotels and high-standard stadiums, have stepped up construction. The future of Tangshan is infinitely beautiful! The future of Caofeidian in Tangshan is infinitely beautiful! Caofeidian's superior port construction conditions only give it the possibility to build a port. When the natural beauty of Caofeidian is recognized by all parties, technical problems such as hydrology, ocean power and sediment are no longer obstacles, and the strong market demand makes it inevitable to build a port in Caofeidian. This also fully shows that the planning of Caofeidian embodies Scientific Outlook on Development.
As we all know, waterway transportation is the cheapest and most convenient mode of transportation in the world today. As far as ships are concerned, the greater the tonnage, the lower the transportation cost. With the acceleration of economic globalization, especially after China joined WTO, the load of existing ports is increasing day by day. The development of ocean-going ships to large-scale and specialization also puts forward higher requirements for the tonnage and specialization of ports. In June, 2002, a survey by the Ministry of Communications showed that although there are many coastal ports in China, the proportion of deep-water berths is low, especially the large-scale specialized deep-water terminals are in short supply, and it is urgent to build terminals capable of accepting the fourth-generation container ships and large-scale foreign trade crude oil and iron ore terminals. Caofeidian has adapted to this urgent need.
For example, 50,000 tons of iron ore is shipped from Australia, and the transportation cost of 260 yuan is replaced by 200,000 tons of ships berthing at a deep-water wharf like Caofeidian, saving 40 yuan to 50 yuan per ton. The first to calculate this economic account is Shougang, a leading iron and steel enterprise in North China, which merged with Caofeidian. Shougang has been troubled by the problem of raw materials, and the mines in Qian 'an may be able to solve the temporary needs, but we can't help but consider the fact that the price of locally mined ore is even higher than the CIF price of Australian mines, not to mention the fact that the latter is a well-known rich mine. For Shougang, it is inevitable that iron ore will depend on imports for a long time.
Caofeidian was first selected by Shougang, but the beneficiaries were obviously not just Shougang, but the steel enterprises in the whole North China. In June 2000, China International Engineering Consulting Company was entrusted by the State Planning Commission to evaluate and demonstrate the Caofeidian 200,000-ton imported ore terminal project: "Using imported ore is a long-term strategy of China iron and steel industry, and building Caofeidian 200,000-ton imported ore terminal conforms to the principle of rational distribution of loading and unloading points for imported iron ore in the northern region." It is pointed out that "in view of the increasing trend of ore imports in this area and the serious shortage of loading and unloading capacity of existing ports, it is necessary to build Caofeidian iron ore terminal with 200,000-250,000 tons as soon as possible". It is the profound understanding of this necessity that all parties have shown great willingness to the development of Caofeidian, and Caofeidian Industrial Development Co., Ltd. was established in the form of joint-stock system, with a capital contribution of 200 million yuan to start the construction of the terminal access project.
March 23rd, 2003, Caofeidian, a small island in the southern waters of Tang Haixian. The mechanized operation of the access road broke the silence here for thousands of years, and the construction of the deep-water port began. Later, Qinhuangdao Port Authority also joined in, forming a pattern of five ports developing together.
June 5438 +2005 10, again: Shougang's relocation to Caofeidian is a foregone conclusion.
The possibility and inevitability of Caofeidian port construction has finally evolved into reality.
It is understood that Shougang has repeatedly weighed the choice of relocation location. Shanxi, Shandong and Zhejiang all sent attractive invitations to it, but in the end it was difficult to give up Caofeidian, a deep-water port. "After the 250,000-ton ore ship enters Caofeidian, it does not need to unload. Australian ore can be directly smelted in the factory by conveyor belt. This saves $4 per ton in transportation costs compared with inland transportation. Therefore,' building a seashore with big steel' is the development trend and the demand of the market. Xue Wei, director of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, said.
"Things are always changing." Yang Chunhua, who is in charge of Caofeidian reclamation project, told reporters. Caofeidian, for example, has attracted worldwide attention because of the relocation of Shougang, but when Caofeidian Industrial Zone is completed, people will find that steel is only one of the four major industries in Caofeidian, and the investment in fine steel projects relocated by Shougang is 50 billion, which is less than a quarter of the total investment of Caofeidian Industrial Zone. It's hard to say who is more famous.