The core literacy of primary school mathematics includes: sense of number, sense of quantity, symbol consciousness, abstract ability, calculation ability, geometric intuition, spatial concept, reasoning consciousness, reasoning ability, data consciousness, data concept, model consciousness and model concept. Among them, the sense of number and quantity is the basis of primary school students' mathematics learning, the sense of symbol and abstract ability is the difficulty of primary school students' mathematics learning, and the calculation ability and geometric intuition are the focus of primary school students' mathematics learning.