The analysis of a character must put him in the social environment in which he lives and must be highly unified with his environment. Du Shiniang's story happened in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, and the cause of her love tragedy was naturally closely related to the social environment at that time.
First of all, the chief culprit of Du Shiniang's love tragedy is Sun Fu. And Sun Fu is a symbol of money here. Sun Fu, a native of Xin 'an, Huizhou, "has a wealth of money, and his ancestors planted salt in Yangzhou". In the Ming Dynasty, Huizhou took merchants as the primary industry, and salt merchants were among them. Sun fuzhen is really rich. For him, money is everything, and he can buy everything he wants, even ten mothers who make him "moved". Moreover, Sun Fu is "a romantic man, used to buying smiles from brothels, and a frivolous man". As soon as he heard the teacher's mother's song, he stayed up all night, which shows his dissolute nature. Early the next morning, Sun Fu took the opportunity to chat with angel lee and wanted to have a drink with angel lee in the restaurant. Nothing for nothing. "Gentle" angel lee doesn't seem to understand this truth. After a meal, a deal between two people-one thousand dollars is also easy for Du Shiniang. Li Jia exchanged Du Shiniang for 1000 yuan, but the stupid and cowardly teacher "Yan Yan seems to laugh" really hates our teeth. There is no doubt that Sun Fuyou's money, just a daughter is nothing. And angel lee? While we are "angry without arguing", we are also "sorry for his misfortune" He needs money. Li Jia, as the son of a political strategist, has not graduated yet, and naturally got the support of his father. At first, he didn't know the importance of money. He is infatuated with Du Shiniang and spends a lot of money on her. And offended his father many times. At that time, in that feudal ethical family, this was already out of line. Later, when Li Jia "invited three relatives and four friends" and "wanted to borrow money" to redeem Du Shiniang, he realized that "talking about money is hopeless". Only then did my son understand the importance of money. What's more, the money for transportation and labor on the road has spent most of the money given to him in ten years. Sun Fu, who suddenly appeared, offered to exchange his daughter for Du Shiniang. Can he not be tempted? Besides, with this daughter, Li Jia can tell his father that he "taught the museum in Beijing and didn't waste a penny" and "the family was harmonious from then on." This is also what Li Jia, who was preached by feudal ethics since childhood, yearned for. Aren't these tricks all about money?
(B) the feudal political environment
Du Shiniang became a prostitute at the age of thirteen, but it was by no means out of her will. In such a society where women can be bought and sold, how can a lonely and weak woman of 13 dominate her own destiny? However, this has become the sin of her infidelity and impurity, and it has become a vital weight in her love tragedy.
Li Jia, a former student, is now in a prison in Beijing. His father Li Buzheng was the chief executive of China 13 at that time, and he was a prominent figure. Li Jia is the eldest son, bearing the heavy responsibility of inheriting the family business and honoring the ancestors. Therefore, he "studied in China since childhood" and accepted the teachings of "self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world", which can be said to be a scholar with strict formal feudal education. After Du Shiniang fell in love with Li Jia, he broke through the fact of disparity in family status, regardless of political pressure and feudal ethics, and resolutely decided to enter the hall of love and marriage with Li Jia. But it was this "breakthrough" that made her finally devote herself to Jiang's tragedy. Teacher Niang is wrong. Her mistake is that she didn't realize the social status difference between herself and angel lee. She ignored the great power of the concept of family status in feudal ethics. The concrete representative of feudal autocracy in the novel is Li Buzheng, Li Jia's father. Although he didn't appear, he was like a big net, hanging over angel lee's head all the time, controlling his words and deeds and his decisions. At first, "Old Buzheng heard that his son had gone to the hospital at home and wrote several times to call him back", but angel lee "dragged on all day". Buzheng was "angry at home." Angel lee is afraid to go home. After redeeming Du Shiniang, Li Jia was afraid of "returning after marrying a prostitute, which was unbearable", and the more afraid she was of returning. The success of Sun Fu's plot also took advantage of Li Jia's fatal fear of his father, and persuaded him to exchange Du Shiniang for a daughter, so as to maintain the "father-son relationship". In a word, Li Bu is the representative of feudal ethics and family system, and his shadow runs through the love story of Li Jia and Shi Niang, which eventually leads to the tragedy of Shi Niang.
Second, the reasons for the character
(A) Ten Niang's love choice
It can be said that the inhumanity entrusted by Teacher Niang eventually led to her love tragedy. This has to mention the person she entrusted with love, happiness and even her own life-angel lee.
Li Jia studied in imperial academy, but she didn't do her duty faithfully. Only then did she know the famous Du Ji Ten Niangs. Seeing that Li Jia is a "handsome, gentle, careless hand and diligent helper", Du Shiniang decided to pin his wish on him. So the two of them are "happy and happy, together all the time", so they are not happy. Li turned a deaf ear to his father's anger at home. Angel lee seems to have deep feelings for Du Shiniang, but she never leaves. He is "procrastinating all day" because he is "obsessed with the color of Du Shiniang." Li Jia introduced his teacher's mother to Sun Fu and said, "This is Du Shiniang, which is famous in Beijing." . He didn't even take this woman who lived and died with him as his wife, and called her a "celebrity"! I'm afraid Li Jia not only wants to show off to Sun Fu, but also shows that he didn't take Du Shiniang to heart at all. There is no doubt that Li Jia loves his teacher's mother, otherwise he would not be "careless about money, poor ambassador", would not borrow money from three relatives and four friends, and would not be "unable to let go". But when we ask, what does Li Jia love his teacher's mother? Everyone has a love of beauty. With such a beautiful woman in front of him and deep affection for him, doesn't Li Can, a "romantic young man", love him? Yes, angel lee loves the beauty of her teacher's mother, not her virtue. In the year of intimacy, Li knew nothing about Shi Niang's benevolence and morality. Otherwise, why can Liu Yuchun see that "this woman is really thoughtful!" Since it's true, you can't deny it, can't he? Why did Sun Fu "lose his mind" when he said that "women are fickle, fireworks are few, but there are many fakes" and "my brother seldom stays in the United States to live alone and never climbs over the wall to make holes"? The reason is that Li Jia loves color more than love.
Then why did Du Shiniang choose Li Jia, a student, instead of an ordinary person like based lady? This is related to the teacher's ideal pursuit.
(B) Ten Niang's ideal pursuit
Du Shiniang chose constantly chauffeured Li Jia. Li Jia is not only a student, but also quite handsome. Visible Du Shiniang's mate selection criteria, appearance, identity requirements are quite high, such as Qin Zhong based lady choose people, I'm afraid Du Shiniang is disdainful. As we mentioned earlier, Teacher Niang worked hard to accumulate a treasure chest, which laid a solid foundation for her future recovery. If Teacher Niang had taken out her treasure chest, she and Li Jiahe might have been married. But she didn't do it. Teacher Niang said that she hopes to get a true feeling of "never changing her head" and "no regrets in life and death". It's easy for a teacher to get married, but what she wants is pure love, which is not defiled by money. She hopes her lover can respect her and care about her. She wants a caring partner, and she wants the truest, most perfect and beautiful love in the world. But sadly, in the feudal society at that time, even for a lady, such a wish was out of reach, not to mention the prostitute Du Keshi. In A Dream of Red Mansions, Lin Daiyu is a tragedy of love without marriage, while Xue Baochai is a tragedy of marriage without love. Twelve women in Jinling, which one is not a lady of noble birth, which one got the love that Du Shiniang sought? The reason why Mrs. Qin Zhong was chosen for the senior high school entrance examination in "Selling Oil Lang Monopoly Kaoru" shows that her requirements for love and marriage are not high. Because of this, they will have a happy ending. Teacher Niang's ideal pursuit has also become the root cause of her love tragedy. Finally, the teacher's mother will choose to sink into the river with the treasure chest, which is the inevitable result of her disillusionment, despair and grief, and she can't find her way when she wakes up.