After careful study, it is found that in today's world economic map, most industries with international or regional competitive advantages are concentrated in certain regions and developed. For example, in the United States, the automobile industry is mainly concentrated in Detroit, Michigan; In Germany, steel production is mainly concentrated in Dortmund, Essen and Dü sseldorf; Leather in China and Haining, clothing in Humen, and low-voltage electrical appliances in Liushi Town, Wenzhou, etc. Theoretical circles call this kind of industrial agglomeration space, which is concentrated in certain specific areas, relies on relatively stable division of labor and cooperation and has unique competitive advantages, industrial agglomeration. Of course, this economic phenomenon of industrial agglomeration is not limited to the manufacturing field, but also exists in the service industry. As the largest service industry and industry in the world today, tourism is no exception, and there is also a significant phenomenon of industrial agglomeration.

First, tourism industry agglomeration.

Industrial agglomeration is one of the important characteristics of the development of industrial organizations today. In the investigation of 10 industrialized countries, Professor Porter of Harvard University found that a state-owned competitive industry has obvious industrial agglomeration characteristics. Porter pointed out that industrial agglomeration is the basic factor to improve industrial competitiveness. In the process of global economic integration, the international competitiveness of a country or region depends on the competitiveness of its industrial agglomeration. Donald (2004), a foreign scholar, defined tourism industrial agglomeration from the perspective of industrial chain and improving competitive advantage according to Porter's industrial agglomeration theory, and put forward the concept of "tourism competitive agglomeration" (see figure 1). They believe that tourism agglomeration is a series of tourism activities and services organized by an effective tourism supply chain, and its purpose is to enhance the competitiveness of destinations through the joint efforts of all units.

Second, the status quo of China tourism industry agglomeration

Over the past 20 years of reform and opening-up, China's tourism industry has developed very rapidly and achieved remarkable achievements. The development goal of China's tourism industry in the next few years to more than ten years is to move towards a world tourism power, reaching and surpassing the development level of the current first-class world tourism power. Building a world tourism power is a new turning point in China's tourism development history. At this turning point, it is an inevitable development strategy of China tourism to realize the effective integration of tourism resources, enhance competitiveness and promote the development of industrial agglomeration.

At present, the industrial agglomeration of tourism in China has begun to appear. Suzhou-Shanghai-Hangzhou, Pearl River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, which are known as the "Troika" to promote China's economic take-off, have started a new round of Lian Heng, and enhanced their regional competitiveness by building a super metropolitan area. Correspondingly, the hot industrial tourism active in the three metropolitan economic circles also shows a trend of integration in different degrees, and gradually breaks the boundaries of administrative divisions and quickly moves closer to the goal of building a metropolitan tourism circle. Suzhou-Shanghai-Hangzhou Yangtze River Delta Tourism Cooperation Zone, with Shanghai as the leader and relying on the advantages of regional economic development and perfect urban tourism distribution function, has taken the lead in realizing the re-integration of Lian Heng resources and the matching of regional tourism functional elements, and has become the largest economic export destination of China's tourism industry. From June 2003 to July 2004, the Yangtze River Delta region, which only accounts for 1% of the country, received more than 6 million overseas tourists, accounting for 16.53% of the country. Tourism revenue is USD 4 billion, accounting for 19.68% of the whole country. Received more than 240 million domestic tourists, accounting for 27.66% of the country. Guangdong province, on the other hand, made use of the brand advantage of Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration and the radiation effect of Hong Kong and Macao markets, and also made a fuss about "grand tourism", which also won a generous return of 65.438+026.083 billion yuan, showing the irreplaceable advantages of large-scale regional tourism. At present, Pan-triangle tourism has gradually formed, and tourism will gather in a larger area and more enterprises. At the same time, a great Beijing tourism circle with two giant cities of Beijing and Tianjin as "dual cores" and Hebei province 1 1 city as satellites is accelerating. The three major tourist circles around Bohai Sea, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta will form a "three-legged" trend.

However, in the process of China's transformation from planned economy to market economy, the old system is still playing a role in some fields, and the comprehensive economy of tourism is in contradiction with the administrative division and industry management under the original planned economy system. This contradiction has hindered the formation of tourism industry agglomeration. Therefore, although the industrial agglomeration of tourism in China is very rapid and has achieved remarkable economic benefits, the real industrial agglomeration has not finally formed.

Third, measures to improve the concentration of tourism industry in China

(1) Formulate special plans for regional tourism market to promote the sustainable development of regional tourism.

Tourism development, planning first. The development of tourism needs an overall development idea as a guide, that is, it needs to compile a regional tourism plan that spans administrative divisions and make overall arrangements for the direction and objectives of tourism development in the region. The compilation and implementation of tourism development planning can effectively integrate regional tourism economic resources, form regional tourism characteristics, promote the orderly development in the region and avoid the chaotic situation of internal competition. When planning, we should be ambitious, stand in the perspective of domestic and international tourism market competition, take the promotion of regional tourism industry competitiveness as the guide, and draw a grand blueprint for tourism development through big thinking, big handwriting and big creativity.